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AP World Hist Unit 4 Vocab 2 Flashcards

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152452709Declaration of the Rights of Woman and of the FemaleA statement of the rights of women written by Olympe de Gouge in response to the Declaration of the Rights of Man0
152452710EstatesThe divisions of society in pre-revolutionary France1
152452711FeminismThe movement to achieve women's rights2
152452712Gran ColombiaThe temporary union of the northern portion of South America after independence movements led by Simón Bólivar; ended in 18303
152452713JacobinsExtreme radicals during the French Revolution4
152452714LiberalismAn Enlightenment philosophy that favored civil rights, the protection of private property, and representative government5
152452715Natural RightsRights that belong to every person and that no government may take away6
152452716ProletariatIn Marxist theory, the class of workers in an industrial society7
152452717QueueHair braid worn by Chinese men that was required by the Qing leaders; cutting it off meant execution8
152452718RadicalismWestern European political philosophy during the nineteenth century; advocated democracy and reforms favoring lower classes9
152452719Reign of Terror (1793-1794)The period of most extreme violence during the French Revolution10
152452720Revolutions of 1848Democratic and nationalistic revolutions, most of them unsuccessful, that swept through Europe11
152452721Self-Strengthening MovementA late nineteenth century movement in which the Chinese modernized their army and encouraged Western investment in factories and railways12
152452722Separation of PowersThe division of powers among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the government13
152452723Seven Years' War (1756-1763)Conflict fought in Europe and its overseas colonies; in North America, known as the French and Indian War14
152452724Social ContractEnlightenment concept of the agreement made by the people living in a state of nature to give up some of their rights in order for governments to be established15
152452725SocialismEconomic and political philosophy based on the idea that the benefits of economic activity should be equitably distributed throughout a society16
152452726System of Checks and BalancesConstitutional system in which each branch of government places limits on the power of other branches17
152452727Taiping Rebellion (1853-1864)Revolt in southern China against the Qing Empire18
152452728Universal Male SuffrageThe right of all males within a given society to vote19
152452729Berlin Conference (1884-1885)Meeting of European imperialist powers to divide Africa among them20
152452730BoersSouth Africans of Dutch descent21
152452731Boer War (1889-1902)War between the British and Dutch over Dutch independence in South Africa; resulted in a British victory22
152452732DumaThe Russian parliament23
152452733Economic ImperialismControl of a country's economy by the businesses of another nation24
152452734Great TrekThe emigration of some 12,000 to 14,000 Boers from Cape Colony in South Africa between 1835 and the early 1840s, in rebellion against the policies of the British government and in search of fresh pasturelands. The Great Trek is regarded by Afrikaners as a central event of their 19th-century history and the origin of their nationhood.25
152452735ImperialismThe establishment of colonial empires26
152452736Indian National CongressPolitical party that became the leader of the Indian nationalist movement27
152452737Manifest DestinyConcept of U.S. territorial expansion westward to the Pacific Ocean that saw the occupation of the rest of the continent as a divine right of the American people. The term was used to justify the U.S. annexation of Oregon, New Mexico, and California and later U.S. involvement in Alaska, Hawaii, and the Philippines.28
152452738RajIn many Indian languages, it literally means Prince or Royalty though is often used to mean something more like the English term of empire and as such is often used in reference to the Mughal Raj and the British Raj: the period of direct colonial rule of India by the British Empire.29
152452739Revolution of 1905Strikes by urban workers and peasants in Russia; prompted by shortages of food and by Russia's loss to Japan in 190530
152452740Sepoy Rebellion (1857)Revolt of Indian soldiers against the British; caused by a military practice in violation of the Muslim and Hindu faiths31
152452741SepoysSouth Asian soldiers who served in the British army in India32
152452742Social DarwinismThe application of Darwin's philosophy of natural selection to human society33
152452743Spanish-American War (1898)Conflict between the U.S. and Spain that began the rise of the U.S. as a world power. The U.S. gained possession of Cuba, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines as a result.34

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