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| 139165189 | Abu Bakr | Companion of 1st muslim leader after Muhammad. Regarded by Sunni's as the 1st caliph and rightful succesor. The Shi'ah regard him as a traitor of Muhammad. | 0 | |
| 139165190 | Uthman | Third caliph and member of Umayyad clan; death set off civil war in Islam between followers of Ali and the Umayyad clan | 1 | |
| 139165191 | Sunnis | Muslims belonging to branch of Islam believing that the community should select its own leadership. The majority religion in most Islamic countries | 2 | |
| 139165192 | Damascus | an ancient city (widely regarded as the world's oldest) and present capital and largest city of Syria | 3 | |
| 139165193 | Abbasid | Dynasty that succeeded the Umayyads as caliphs within Islam; came to power in 750 C.E.; member of a Muslim ruling family descended from Abbas, an uncle of Muhammad | 4 | |
| 139165194 | Wazir | chief administrative official under the Abbasid caliphate; initially recruited from Persian provinces of empire | 5 |
