AP Lit terms, Junior Year
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| The recurrence of initial consonant sounds. The repetition can be juxtaposed. | ||
| A short, informal reference to a famous person or event. | ||
| Repeats the last word of one phrase, clause, or sentence at or very near the beginning of the next. | ||
| Compares to things, which are alike in several respects, for the purpose of explaining or clarifying some unfamiliar idea or object by showing how the idea or object is similar to some familiar one. | ||
| The repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of successive phrases, clauses, or sentences, commonly in conjunction with climax and with parallelism. | ||
| One word irony, established by context. | ||
| Establishes a clear, contrasting relationship between two ideas by joining them together or juxtaposing them, often in parallel structure. | ||
| Interrupts the discussion or discourse and addresses directly a person or personified thing, either present or absent. | ||
| A noun or noun substitute placed next to another noun to be described or defined by the ________. | ||
| Similar vowel sounds repeated in successive or proximate words containing different consonants. | ||
| Might be called "reverse parallelism," since the second part of a grammatical construction is balanced or paralleled by the first part, only in reverse order. | ||
| Consists of arranging words, clauses, or sentences in the order of icnreasing importance, weight, or emphasis. | ||
| An informally-stated syllogism which omits either one of the promises or the conclusion. The omitted part must be clearly understood by the reader. | ||
| An adjective or adjective phrase appropriately qualifying a subject (noun) by naming a key or important characteristic of the subject, as in "laughing," "sneering contempt," "untroubled sleep," "peaceful dawn," and "lifegiving water." | ||
| Substitutes for a particular attribute the name of a famous person recognized for that attribute. | ||
| Citing an example; using an illustrative story, either true or fictitious. | ||
| The counterpart of understatement, deliberately axaggerates conditions for emphasis or effect. | ||
| A particular form of understatement, is generated by denying the opposite or contrary of the word which otherwise would be used. | ||
| Compares two different things by speaking of one in terms of the other. Asserts that one thing is another thing, not just that one is like another. | ||
| Very similar to synecdoche (and, in fact some rhetoricians do not distinguish between the two), in which the thing chosen for the metaphorical image is closely associated with (but not an actual part of) the subject with which it is to be compared. | ||
| The use of words whose pronunciation imitates the sound the work describes. | ||
| A paradox reduced to two words, usually in an adjective-noun ("eloquent silence") or adverb-adjective ("inertly strong") relationship, and is used for effect, complexity, emphasis, or wit. | ||
| Recurrent syntactical similarity. Several parts of a sentence or several sentences are expressed similarly to show that the ideas in the parts or sentences are equal in importance. | ||
| A final form of hyperbaton, consists of a word, phrase, or whole sentence inserted as an aside in the middle of another sentence. | ||
| Metaphorically represents an animal or inanimate object as having human attributes - attributes of form, character, feelings, behavior, and so on. Ideas and abstractions can also be personified. | ||
| Differs from hypophora in that is not answered by the writer, because its answer is obvious or obviously desired, and usually just a yes or no. It is used for effect, emphasis, or provocation, or for drawing a conclusionary statement from the facts at hand. | ||
| A comparison between two different things that resemble each other in at least one way. Comparing an unfamiliar thing to some familiar thing known to the reader. | ||
| Type of metaphor in which the part stands for the whole, the whole for a part, the genus for the species, the species for the genus, the material for the thing made, or in short, any portion, section, or main quality for the whole or the thing itself (or vice versa). | ||
| Deliberately expresses an idea as less important than it actually is, either for ironic emphasis or for politeness and tact. | ||
| Includes several similar rhetorical devices, all involving a grammatically correct linkage (or yoking together) of two or more parts of speech by another part of speech. The main benefit of the linking is that it shows relationships between ideas and actions more clearly. |
