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Chapter 8: Biogeography

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194665989adaptive radiationevolution from a common ancestor that results in diverse species adapted to different environments
194665990biogeographythe large-scale geographic pattern in the distribution of species, and the causes and history of this distribution
194665991biomea group of ecosystems with similar climates and organisms
194665992biotic provincea geographical region inhabited by life forms of common ancestry bounded by barriers of life to other regions and the immigration of foreign species into that region
194665993chaparrala dense scrubland found in areas with Mediterranean climate (a long, warm dry season, and a cooler rainy season
194665994convergent evolutionprocess by which unrelated organisms independently evolve similarities when adapting to similar environments
194665995divergent evolutionorganisms coming from an original ancestor but then forming a new species over time because of changes in environment, etc
194665996ecological islandan area that is biologically isolated so that a species occurring within the area cannot mix with any other of the same species
194665997exotic speciesspecies introduced into a new area, one in which it had not evolved
194665998realmsmajor biogeographic regions of Earth in which most animals have some common genetic heritage
194665999taigaforest of cold climates, of high latitudes, and high altitudes; also known as a boreal forest
194666000taxacategories that identify groups of living organisms based on evolutionary relationships or similarity of characters
194666001tundratreeless arctic or alpine biome characterized by cold, harsh winters, a short growing season, and potential for frost any month of the year; vegetation includes low-growing perennial plants, mosses and lichens

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