Chapter 21-22 Vocab Review Sheet
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| 319308714 | Asian sea trading network | Prior to intervention of Europeans, consisted of three zones; Arab zone based on glass, carpets, and tapestries; India based on cotton textiles; China based on paper, porcelain, and silks | 0 | |
| 319308715 | Francis Xavier | Spanish Jesuit missionary; worked in India in 1540s among the outcaste and lower caste groups; made little headway among elites | 1 | |
| 319308716 | Matteo Ricci and Adam Schall | Jesuit scholar in court of Ming emperors; skilled scientist; won few converts to Christianity | 2 | |
| 319308717 | Toyotomi Hideyoshi | General under Nobunaga; succeeded as leading military power in central Japan ; continued efforts to break power of daimyos; constructed a series of alliances that made him military master of Japan in 1590; died in 1598 | 3 | |
| 319308718 | Tokugawa Ieyasu | Vassal of Hideyoshi; succeeded him as most powerful military figure in Japan; granted title of shogun in 1603 and established Tokugawa Shogunate; established political unity in Japan | 4 | |
| 319308719 | School of National Learning | New ideology that laid emphasis on Japan's unique historical experience and the revival; of indigenous culture at the expense of Chinese imports such as Confucianism; typical of Japan in 18th century | 5 | |
| 319308720 | Deshima | Island in Nagaski Bay; only port open to non-Japanese after closure of the islands in the 1640s; only Chinese and Dutch ships were permitted to enter | 6 | |
| 319308721 | Robert di Nobili | (1577-1656) Italian Jesuit missionary; worked in India during the early 1600s; introduced strategy to convert elites first; strategy later widely adopted by Jesuits in various parts of Asia; mission eventually failed | 7 | |
| 319308722 | Hongwu | First Ming emperor in 1368; originally of peasant lineage; original name Zbu Yuangzhang; drove out Mongol influence; restored position of scholar gentry | 8 | |
| 319308723 | The Water Margin, Monkey, and The Golden Lotus | Ming novels recognized as classics in their own time and continue to set the standard for Chinese prose literature today | 9 | |
| 319308724 | Luzon | Northern island of Philippines; conquered by Spain during the 1560s; site of major Catholic missionary effort | 10 | |
| 319308725 | Mindanao | Southern island of Philippines; a Muslim kingdom that was able to successfully resist Spanish conquest | 11 | |
| 319308726 | Ottomans | Turkic people who advanced from strongholds in Asia Minor during 1350s; conquered large part of Balkans; unified under Mehmed I; captured Constantinople in 1453; established empire from Balkkans that included most of the Arab world | 12 | |
| 319308727 | Mehmed II | (1432-1481) Ottoman sultan called the "Conqueror"; responsible for conquest of Constantinople in 1453; destroyed what remained of Byzantine Empire | 13 | |
| 319308728 | Janissaries | Ottoman infantry divisions that dominated Ottoman armies; forcibly conscripted as boys in conquered areas of Balkans, legally slaves; translated military service into political influence; particularly after 15th century | 14 | |
| 319308729 | Vizier | Ottoman equivalent of the Abbasid wazir; head of the Ottoman bureaucracy; after 5th century often more powerful than sultan | 15 | |
| 319308730 | Safavid dynasty | Originally a Turkic nomadic group family originated in Sufi mystic groups; espoused Shi'ism; conquered territory and established kingdom in region equivalent to modern Iran; lasted until 1722 | 16 | |
| 319308731 | Abbas I, the Great | Safavid ruler from 1587-1629; extended Safavid domain to greatest extent; created slave regiments based on captured Russians, who monopolized firearms within Safavid armies; incorporated Western military technology | 17 | |
| 319308732 | Mughal dynasty | Established by Babur in India in 1526; the name is taken from the supposed Mongol descent of Babur, but there is little indication of any Mongol influence in the dynasty; became weak after rule of Aurangzeb in first decades of 18th century | 18 | |
| 319308733 | Ismâ'il | Sufi commander who conquered city of Tabriz in 1501; first Safavid to be proclaimed shah or emperor | 19 | |
| 319308734 | Babur | Founder of Mughal dynasty in India; descended from Turkic warriors; first led invasion of India in 1526; died in 1530 | 20 | |
| 319308735 | Akbar | (1542-1605) Son and successor of Humayn; oversaw building of military and administrative systems that became typical of Mughal rule in India; pursued policy of cooperation with Hindu princes; attempted to create new religion to bind Muslim and Hindu populations of India. | 21 | |
| 319308736 | Din-i-Ilahi | Religion initiated by Akbar in Mughal India; blended elements of the many faiths of the subcontinent; key to efforts to reconcile Hindus and Muslims in India, but failed | 22 | |
| 319308737 | Sati | Ritual in India of immolating surviving widows with the bodies of their deceased husbands | 23 | |
| 319308738 | Sikhs | Sect in northwest India; early leader tried to budge difference between Hindu and Muslim, but Mughal persecution led to anti-Muslim feeling | 24 |
