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AP Human Geography Chapter 7 Vocab

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292571016EthnicityThe identity with a group of people that share distinct physical and mental traits as a product of common heredity and cultural traditions.
292571017RaceIdentification with a group of people decended from a common ancestor.
292571018GhettoDuring the Middle Ages, a neighborhood in a city set up by law to be inhabited only by Jews; now used to denote a section of a city in which members of any minority group live because of social, legal, or economic pressure.
292571019Ethnic cleansingA process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful one in order to create an ethnically homogeneous region.
292571020RacismThe belief that race is the promary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race.
292571021RacistA person who subscribes to the beliefs of racism.
292571022ApartheidLaws (no longer in effect) in South Africa that physically separated different races into different geographic areas.
292571023NationalismLoyalty and devotion to a particular nationality.
292571024Nation-stateA state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality.
292571025Multiethnic stateA state that contains more than one ethnicity.
292571026Multinational stateA state containing two or more ethnic groups with traditions of seft-determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities.
292571027Centripetal forceAn attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state.
292571028BalkanizationProcess by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities.
293321011Triangular slave tradeA practice, primarily during the eighteenth century, in which European ships transported slaves from Africa to the Caribbean Islands, molasses from the Caribbean to Europe, and trade goods from Europe to Africa.
293321012SharecropperA person who works fields rented from a landowner and pays the rent and repays loans by turning over to the landowner a share of the crops.
293321013BlockbustingA process by which real estate agents convince white property owners to sell their houses at low prices out of fear that person's of color will soon move into the neighborhood.
293321014Self-determinationThe concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves.
293321015BarrioRefers to a lower-class neighborhood (ghetto).
293321016AssimilationA process of consistent integration whereby members of an ethno-cultural group are "absorbed" into an established, generally larger, community.
293321017Cultural shatterbeltA politically unstabe region where differing cultural elements come into conflict and contact (cultural clashes).
293321018Ethnic conflictConflicts arise when a country contains several ethnicities competing with each other for control/dominance. Conflict also arises when an ethnicity is divided among multuple countries.
293338469Ethnic enclaveWhen a community/ethnic group is trapped and completely surrounded by an unfriendly popluation/government.
293338470Ethnic groupA group of human beings whose members identify with each other, usually on the basis of a presumed common geneology or ancestry.
293338471Ethnic homelandThe originating homeland of ethnic groups.
293338472Ethnic neighborhoodA neighborhood formed by one group of ethnicity.
293338473Ethnic landscapeThe landscapes formed by the ethnicities living there.
293338474EthnocentrismThe beliefs of an ethnic group that their ethnicity is better/best.
293338475Plural societyA society combining ethnic contrasts: the economic interdependence of those groups.
293338476Social distanceThe distance between different groups of society, opposed to locational difference (ex: social class, ethnicity, race, etc.).
293338477SegregationThe separation of different races in dailiy activities.
293338478Dowry deathThe deaths of young brides who are murdered of driven to suicide by continuous harassments and torture by husband and relatives in an effort to extort dorwy. This mostly occurs in South Asia.
293338479EnfranchisementTo grant a franchise to; admit to citizenship, esp. to the right of voting.
293338480GenderThe classification of being male or female.
293338481Gender gapThe difference between economic opportunity of a man/woman.
293338482InfanticideThe Islamic/Arabic practice of killing infants (esp. girls/defected ones).
293338483Longevity gapThe live expectancy gap between males and females.
293338484Maternal morality rateThe annual number of deaths of women from pregnancy-related causes per 100,000 live births.
293338485SuffrageThe right to vote.

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