Terms : Hide Images
| 539493797 | Muckraker | A journalist who searches through the activities of public officials and organizations seeking to expose conduct contrary to the public interest, term first used by President Roosevelt in 1906 to warn that antibusiness journalism could be excessively negative | |
| 539493798 | Associated Press | An organization founded for the telegraphic dissemination of news in 1848 | |
| 539493799 | yellow journalism | a form of newspaper publishing in the vogue in the late-nineteenth century that featured pictures, comics, color, and sensationalized, oversimplified news coverage | |
| 539493800 | "Big Three" Networks | *NBC, CBS, ABC | |
| 539493801 | sound bites | A brief statement no longer than a few seconds used on a radio or television broadcast | |
| 539493802 | Libel | *(n.) a written statement that unfairly or falsely harms the reputation of the person about whom it is made; (v.) to write or publish such a statement | |
| 539493803 | Defamation | *, act of harming or ruining another's reputation | |
| 539493804 | Prior Restraint | *, government censorship of information before it is published or broadcast | |
| 539493805 | The Pentagon Papers | *, Common case dealing with prior restraints and national security involved the publications of stolen pentagon papers about military involvement in Vietnam were leaked | |
| 539493806 | trial balloon | Information provided to the media by an anonymous source as a way of testing the reaction to a potential policy or appointment | |
| 539493807 | loaded language | Words that reflect a value judgement, used to persuade the listener without making an argument | |
| 539493808 | Equal Time rule | the rule that requires broadcast stations to sell campaign air time equally to all candidates if they choose to sell it to any | |
| 539493809 | Right-of-reply rule | An FCC rule permitting a person the right to respond if attacked on a broadcast other than in a regular news program | |
| 539493810 | Political editorializing rule | A rule of the FCC that if a broadcaster endorses a candidate, the opposing candidate has the right to reply | |
| 539493811 | Fairness Doctrine | A former rule of the FCC that required broadcasters to give time to opposing view if they broadcast a program giving one side of a controversial issue | |
| 539493812 | Selective attention | Paying attention to only to those parts of a newspaper or broadcast story in which one agrees. Studies suggest that this is how people view political ads on tv | |
| 539493813 | Editorial endorsement | *, Approval by an news media. | |
| 539493814 | C-Span | *, The development of cable television in the late 20th century created several news-only television outlets. This network shows congressional activities and debates on several different stations and has been used by members to gain immediate "face time" with the public. | |
| 539493815 | Routine Stories | Public events regularly covered by reporters (president takes a trip or congress passes a bill | |
| 539493816 | Feature Stories | Media reports about public events knowable to any reporter who cares to inquire, but involving acts and statements not routinely covered by a group of reporters | |
| 539493817 | Insider Stories | Events that become public only if revealed to reporters | |
| 539493818 | News Leaks | When some official wanted a story to get out, and may have informed the public or the press | |
| 539493819 | Adversarial Press | A national press that is suspicious of officialdom and eager to break an embarrassing story about a public official | |
| 539493820 | "Off/On the record" | Off: Information from an official that cannot be printed On: Information from a government official who can be quoted by name | |
| 539493821 | "On (deep) background" | On: a term for when news sources are not specifically named in a news story/ Deep: information for news stories that must be completely unsourced | |
| 539493822 | Feeding Frenzy | *, Just as sharks engage in a feeding frenzy when they sense blood in the water, the media "attack" when they sense wrongdoing or scandal in government, and devote great amounts of coverage to such stories. | |
| 539493823 | Pack Journalism | *, A method of news gathering in which news reporters all follow the same story in the same way because they read each other's copy for validation of their own. | |
| 539493824 | New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964) | the court ase where the Supreme Court concluded that 'actual malice" must be proved to support a finding of libel against a public figure | |
| 539493825 | Federal Communications Commission | The government agency charged with regulating the electronic media | |
| 539493826 | Telecommunications Act | Gives broadcasters greater freedom to enter new businesses and purchase more television and radio stations | |
| 539493827 | Shield law | *, Law guaranteeing news reporters the right to protect the annonymity of their sources. States have passed this--not the federal government. | |
| 539493828 | "Above" or "Below the fold" stories | *, the upper half of the front page of a newspaper where an important news story or photograph is often located Newspaper stories that appear below the fold are said to be located "under the fold | |
| 539493829 | Freedom of Information Act (1974) | US legislation guaranteeing citizens access to certain government documents |
