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APES Friedland and Relyea Ch. 12 Flashcards

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317119196Nonrenewablethat can not be renewed
317119197Fossil Fuelsa nonrenewable energy resource that forms in the Earth's crust for millions of years
317119198Nuclear Fuelsderived from radioactive materials that give off energy
317119199Commercial Energy Sourcesare bought and sold like coal
317119200Subsistence Energy Sourcesthose gathered by individuals for their own immediate needs
317119201Energy Carriermoves energy in a usable form from one place to another, like electricity or hydrogen
317119202Turbinerotary engine in which the kinetic energy of a moving fluid is converted into mechanical energy by causing a bladed rotor to rotate
317119203Electrical Grida network of interconnected transmission lines that joins power plants together and links them with end users of electricity
317125461Combined Cyclea power plant that uses both exhaust gases and steam turbines to generate electricity
317125462Capacitythe maximum production possible
317125463Capacity Factorfraction of the actual energy produced in a given period to the hypothetical max power
317125464Cogenerationproduction of two useful forms of energy, such as high-temperature heat or steam and electricity, from the same fuel source
317125465Coalis solid fuel formed primarily from the remains of trees, ferns, and other plant materials that were preserved 280 million to 360 million years ago
318052620Petroleuman oily, dark-colored, flammable liquid found in the earth, consisting mainly of a mixture of various hydrocarbons
318052621Crude Oilpetroleum as it comes out of the ground and before it has been refined or processed into useful products
318052622Oil Sandsmixtures of clay and sand combined with water and varying amounts of a black, highly viscous tar known as bitumen
318052623Bitumenis a degraded type of petroleum deposit is not capped with nonporous rock
318052624CTL'coal-to-liquid,' converting solid coal into a liquid fuel
318052625Energy Intensityis the relationship between energy consumption and growth in gross domestic product (GDP), and it is an important factor that affects changes in energy consumption over time.
318052626Hubbert Curveprojection of the point at which world oil production would reach a maximum and a point at which we would run out of oil
318052627Peak Oilthe point when the maximum rate of global petroleum extraction is reached and at which the rate of production continues to decline
318052628Fissiona nuclear reaction in which a massive nucleus splits into smaller nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy
318052629Fuel Rodsuranium rod that undergoes fission in a nuclear reactor
318052630Control Rodsneutron-absorbing rods that help control the reaction by limiting the number of free neutrons
318052631Radioactive Wasteuseless radioactive materials that are left after some laboratory or commercial process is completed
318052632Becquerelmeasures the rate at which a sample of radioactive material decays
318052633Curiea unit of radioactivity equal to the amount of a radioactive isotope that decays at the rate of 37,000,000,000 disintegrations per second
318052634Nuclear Fissiona nuclear reaction in which a massive nucleus splits into smaller nuclei with the simultaneous release of energy

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