El Rancho High School.
Flashcards of the terms students must master in order to understand US History content. All terms are standards-based.
Created by Daniel Diaz
Terms : Hide Images
| 562064947 | Checks and Balances | A system that allows each branch of our government to limit the powers of the other branches in order to prevent the abuse of power | |
| 562064951 | Enlightenment | A movement during the 1700's based on the idea that knowledge, reason, and science could improve society. Example, these ideas influenced the American Revolutionaries | |
| 562064953 | Federalism | Divides power between the national and state governments. | |
| 562064957 | Nullification | The idea that states could refuse to obey a federal law they believe violates the Constitution. Example, South Carolina did this when they claimed they did not have to pay a federal tariff. | |
| 562064958 | Republic | A form of government where people can elect leaders to represent them. Example: America has this type of government | |
| 562064961 | Conservation | the practice of preserving and protecting the environment and of natural resources. Example: Teddy Roosevelt believed that this was very important. | |
| 562064964 | Ellis Island | an island in New York Bay that was formerly the principal immigration station for the United States. | |
| 562064968 | Industrialization | This occurred when America went from a rural to more urban nation. Example, this results in machine made goods and urbanization | |
| 562064971 | Laissez Faire | idea that government should play as small a role as possible in economic affairs. Example: this idea was used during the industrial era. | |
| 562064974 | Patronage | A job or contract that one is given for political reasons not because they are the best person for the job. Example: political machines used this as a way to reward their supporters. | |
| 562064980 | Progressivism | A group of reform movements in 1890s and 1900s that focused on fixing urban problems, such as the working conditions, poor sanitation, and corrupt political machines. | |
| 562064983 | Social Darwinism | The idea that only the fittest survive in human political and economic struggle. | |
| 562064986 | "The Jungle" | A book by Upton Sinclair that pointed out the abuses of the meat packing industry. Example-The book led to the passage of the 1906 Meat Inspection Act. | |
| 562064990 | Trusts | A secret monopoly. When a group of separate companies are under the control of a single group of managers. Example: Standard Oil was one of these. | |
| 562064992 | Fundamentalism | Conservative beliefs in the Bible and that it should be literally believed and applied. Example: This idea was a major part of the Scopes Trial. | |
| 562064996 | Great Awakening | religious revival in the American colonies of the eighteenth century. | |
| 562064998 | Manifest Destiny | the belief that the U.S. should extend all the way to the pacific ocean | |
| 562065002 | Separation of Church and State | The policy of keeping government and religious functions separate | |
| 562065006 | Social Gospel Movement | A reform movement based on the belief that Christians have a responsibility to help improve working conditions and alleviate poverty | |
| 562065009 | Temperance Movement | campaign to limit or ban the use of alcoholic beverages | |
| 562065013 | Espionage | the systematic use of spies to get military or political secrets | |
| 562065016 | Imperialism | a policy of extending your rule over foreign countries. Example: The US did this to gain access to foreign markets, spread "civilization", and control the Pacific Ocean. | |
| 562065019 | Open Door Policy | A policy proposed by the US in 1899, under which ALL nations would have equal opportunities to trade in China. | |
| 562065022 | Panama Canal | A huge construction project with the goal of connecting the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, built from 1904 - 1914. | |
| 562065026 | Reparations | payments for war damage. Example: Germany had to pay these after World War I | |
| 562065029 | Roosevelt Corollary | The United States had the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force. | |
| 562065032 | Spanish-American War | In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence | |
| 562065035 | Treaty of Versailles | the treaty that ended World War I and placed blame for the war on Germany | |
| 562065039 | 18th Amendment | Prohibited the manufacture, sale, and distribution of alcohol. | |
| 562065042 | 19th Amendment | gave women the right to vote | |
| 562065046 | Harlem Renaissance | a period in the 1920s when African-American achievements in art and music and literature flourished | |
| 562065050 | Mass Media | forms of communication, such as newspapers and radio, that reach millions of people | |
| 562065054 | Mass Production | Process of making large amounts of a product quickly and cheaply. Example: Henry Ford used this concept in his factories | |
| 562065058 | Red Scare | Intense fear of communism and other politically radical ideas | |
| 562065061 | Bonus Army | WWI veterans who marched on Washington demanding their $1,000 bonus pay before the 1945 due date. | |
| 562065065 | Business Cycle | An idea that says it is normal to have economic hard times to recovery and growth, then back to hard times and a repetition of the sequence. | |
| 562065069 | Credit | money available for an individual to borrow. | |
| 562065071 | Dust Bowl | a nickname for the Great Plains regions hit by drought and dust storms in the early 1930s | |
| 562065074 | Hoovervilles | A name for the shelters that were built of old boxes and other discards. |
