AP European History
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| 253746816 | What did the Peace of Augsburg recognized in law what had already been established in practice? | Allowed rulers to choose the religion of there subjects | |
| 253746817 | The most successful politique was: | Elizabeth I | |
| 253746818 | Who were the three powerful families that sought the French monarchy after the death of king Henry II? | Valois, Guise, and Bourbons | |
| 253746819 | What event starkly marked the beginning of the French wars of religion | The Duke of Guise massacres Protestant worshipers in Champagne | |
| 253746820 | King Henry IV stunned France, Spain, and the pope by doing what??? | He publicly abandoned the protestant faith and embraced Catholicism as well as passed the edict of Nantes | |
| 253746821 | Why was the Edict of Nantes criticized? | He created a state inside of a state also people did not agree with the Huguenots and the Catholics did not believe they should be recognized | |
| 253746822 | between Spain and England reached a climax in 1588 when: | The defeat of the Spanish Armada by the English in 1588 | |
| 253746823 | Describe the general state of the Spanish economy in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. | When Phillip II took the throne, there was increased population widening the economic gap between the wealthy and the peasants. This made castilian peasants the most highly taxed people in the country | |
| 253746824 | During the first half of his reign, Philip II focused on......... | Religion and the Mediterranean and Turkish threat | |
| 253746825 | Despite his wishes, who was Edward VI's successor in England? | Mary Tudor (I) | |
| 253746826 | Passed by Queen Elizabeth I, this was a revision of Thomas Cranmer's works that made moderate Protestantism the official religion within the Church of England. | The Thirty-Nine Articles | |
| 253746827 | Which of the following events immediately triggered Pope Sixtus V to give public support to Spain? | The execution of Mary Queen of Scots | |
| 253746828 | What significant event weakened the Spanish dominance in Europe, from which Spain never fully recovered? | The Defeat of the Spanish Armada | |
| 253746829 | Following the weakening of Spain, which nation dominated Europe approximately in the early 17th century? | England (world naval power) | |
| 253746830 | The Thirty Years' War broke out first in... | Bohemia | |
| 253746831 | Explain how the Thirty Years' War began ..... | Defenestration of Prague (when the protestants revolted against an unpopular King) | |
| 253746832 | One of the first actions Ferdinand took as king of Bohemia was to: | Revoke the religious freedoms of the Bohemian Protestants | |
| 253746833 | By 1600, the population of the Holy Roman Empire: (Describe it) | was almost equally divided among Catholics and Protestants | |
| 253746834 | It was during this period of fighting that Ferdinand issued the Edict of Restitution and struck panic in the hearts of Protestants: | Danish Period | |
| 253746835 | The battle at Breitenfeld in 1630 marked a turning point in the Thirty Years' War. Who won that battle? | The Swedish | |
| 253746836 | This treaty brought the Swedish period of the war to and end: | Peace of Prague | |
| 253746837 | By which treaty did the king of France, Francis I, recognize the supremacy of the papacy? | Concordat of Bologna | |
| 253746838 | France was saved from religious anarchy when religious principles were set aside for political necessity by which king.... | Henry of Navarre | |
| 253746839 | The vast palace of the Spanish monarchs, built under Philip II, was called..... | Escorial | |
| 253746840 | The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis ended the......... | The war between the French and Spanish that lasted for 65 years over Italy also leaving Hapsburg Spain the dominant power there | |
| 253746841 | Women during the 16th century.....(Describe this) | where considered inferior | |
| 253746842 | Which of the following was the king of Sweden who intervened in the Thirty Years War? | Gustavus Adolphus | |
| 253746843 | ___________________________ is the French king and politque who said "Paris is worth a mass" in order to gain loyalty to Catholics. | Henry of Navarre aka Henry IV | |
| 253746844 | Which of the following is the monarch of England at the time of the Spanish Armada? | Elizabeth I * | |
| 253746845 | The catalyst or immediate cause of the Thirty Years' War was the........ | The Protestant Revolt in Bohemia | |
| 253746846 | Spain waged war against the Turks in the Mediterannean to secure the region for Christian merchants. Which of the following is the battle in which Spain defeated the Turkish navy off the coast of Greece? | The Battle of Lepanto | |
| 253746847 | Which of the following tried to reimpose Catholism in England? She was married to Philip II of Spain. | Mary Tudor | |
| 253746848 | Many Calvinists were murdered in Paris in 1572 in the massacre of ....... | Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre | |
| 253746849 | The ten southern provinces of the Netherlands, known as Spanish Netherlands, became the future........... | Belgium | |
| 253746850 | Which of the following best explains Philip II's desire to crush England? | The rise of Calvinism | |
| 253746851 | The Saint Bartholomew's Day massacre of 1572: | Happened on the Day of Margaret Valois wedding. It was a result of fighting between Catharine de Medici and her son Charles IX, 3000 Huguenots and 20000 Protestants were killed | |
| 253746852 | Among the earliest and most consistent goals of Spain's King Phillip II was a: | Re-imposed Catholism (Catholic Crusades) | |
| 253746853 | The Elizabethian religious settlement in England: | Attempted to Make England Protestants without totally alienating the portion of the population that had supported Catholicism under Mary Tudor. | |
| 253746854 | During the reign of Elizabeth, the Puritan movement involved: | The Clash with the authorities of the Church of England | |
| 253746855 | The witchcraft trials of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries reflected: | Religious uncertainties | |
| 253746856 | The region most devasted by the Thirty Years' War: | Germany | |
| 253746857 | What are results of the Thirty Years' War. | Calvinism was recognized, the rise of France as the dominant European power; accelerated the rise of Britain and the Netherlands, and there was a balance of power diplomacy emerged in Europe | |
| 253746858 | What was the central compromise included in the Peace of Augsburg in 1555? | The Ruler would pick the religion of their subjects | |
| 253746859 | Key to the commercial success of the Dutch in the seventeenth century was their...... | Edict of Restitution and Albert Van Wallenstein | |
| 253746860 | The Thirty Years' War was largely fought against which royal dynasty in Europe? | Tudor | |
| 253746861 | During the Thirty Years' War, Sweden pursued a policy of........ | Peace of Prague | |
| 253746862 | The Peace of Westphalia was part of the settlement of the...... | Thirty Years War | |
| 253746863 | The Netherlands during the Reformation were divided into northern and southern provinces. Which area during the second half of the sixteenth century made peace with Spain and remained largely Catholic? | Southern | |
| 253746864 | What was a major consequence of the Hundred Years' War? | Left France badly divided and depopulated, Charles VII got the crown | |
| 253746865 | The fall of Constantinople in 1453 had a significant impact on Renaissance humanism in Italy Because....... | it allowed for enthusiasm of classical culture | |
| 253746866 | One of the great accomplishments of Erasmus was his...... | Praise of Folly | |
| 253746867 | "A man who wishes to make a profession of goodness in everything must necessarily come to grief among some many who are not good. Therefore it is necessary for a prince, who wishes to maintain himself, to learn how not to be good, and to use this knowledge and not use it, according to the necessity of the case." The above quotation is most likely by: | Machiavelli ("The Prince") | |
| 253746868 | Describe "new monarchs" in early modern Europe. | Consolidated power, created foundations for Europe's first modern nation states in France, England, and Spain, they never achieved absolute power | |
| 253746869 | What was an important tool in helping the English monarchy increase its power during the late-fifteenth century? | The Court of the Star Chamber | |
| 253746870 | What was a direct result of the Spanish reconquista? | The last stronghold of Muslims wasremoved from the Iberian peninsula. | |
| 253746871 | Which of the following uprisings was partially motivated by new religious ideas? | The Peasants Revolt | |
| 253746872 | What best explains the decline of witch hunts in the seventeenth century? | Witch trials often got out of control and political authorities could become one of accused. | |
| 253746873 | "We herewith permit, those of said religion called Reformed to live and abide in all the cities and places of this our kingdom and countries of our sway, without being annoyed, molested, or compelled to do anything in the matter of religion contrary to their consciences...It is permitted to all lords, gentlemen, and other persons making profession of the said religion called Reformed, holding the right of high justice, to exercise the said religion in their houses." The above quote was most likely made by..... | The Edict of Nantes | |
| 253746874 | Describe the Treaty of Westphalia. | It ended the Thirty Years War, did away with the edict of Restitution, put the Peace of Augsburg back in place, and officially recognized Calvinism | |
| 253746875 | Which of the following countries provided the greatest degree of religious toleration during the seventeenth century? | The Dutch Republic. | |
| 253746876 | Which of the following were used to reduce the power of the nobility in early modern Europe | the Star Chamber, the Table of Ranks, hermandades, and the intendant system | |
| 253746877 | Into which of the following countries did Protestantism NOT spread significantly during the sixteenth century? | Sweden | |
| 253746878 | The Thirty Years' War most dramatically affected the civilian population in.... | Germany* | |
| 253746879 | During the Thirty Years' War, France pursued a policy of.... | supporting the Prostestant Princes and Rulers against the Hapsburgs. | |
| 253746880 | The Peace of Westphalia (1648) resulted in which of the following? | The end of the 30 Years war, did away with the edict of Restitution, put the Peace of Augsburg back in place, and officially recognized Calvinism | |
| 253746881 | In seventeenth-century western Europe, marriage patterns showed a tendancy toward.... | Parents often played a large role in arranging the marriages of their children. Whenever property was involved, parents tended to arrange marriages for their children. While this practice was pervasive in wealthier families, arranged marriages in common families were not unusual | |
| 253746882 | Successor of Mary Tudor; assisted by her shrewd adviser, William Cecil; built a true kingdom on the ruins of Mary's reign; passed the act of Uniformity | Elizabeth I | |
| 253746883 | Executed by Elizabeth I; daughter of King James V of Scotland and Mary of Guise; resided in France from the time she was six years old; watched closely by John Knox; her execution dashed all hopes of a re-conversion of Catholicism in England | Mary Stuart | |
| 253746884 | English sea captain, privateer, navigator, slaver, and politician of the Elizabethan era | Sir Francis Drake | |
| 253746885 | King of Spain; married to Mary Tudor; helf religious celebrations in response to the Saint Bartholomew's Day Massacre | Phillip II | |
| 253746886 | The palace built by Elizabeth I | El Escorial | |
| 253746887 | The Spanish Golden Age; a period of flourishing in arts and literature in Spain, coinciding with the political rise and decline of the Spanish Hapsburg dynasty | Siglo de Oro | |
| 253746888 | In the Gulf of Corinth; over a third of the Turkish fleet had been sunk or captured; allowed for Spanish control over the Med. Sea | Battle of Lepanto | |
| 253746889 | Defended by England (credit given to the "Protestant Wind") under Elizabeth I | Spanish Armada | |
| 253746890 | King of Spain, son of Philip II and his fourth wife, Anne Boleyn | Phillip III | |
| 253746891 | was the first foothold on land for the rebels, who would conquer the northern Netherlands and become independent as the Dutch Republic. | Sea Beggers | |
| 253746892 | The next family in line to inherit the crown if the Valois failed to produce an heir. | The Bourbons | |
| 253746893 | French Protestants | Huguenots | |
| 253746894 | Wife of Henry II; dominated her three sons after the death of her husband; staunchly Catholic | Catherine de Medici | |
| 253746895 | Inspired by Catharine de Medici's desire to crush the Protestant forces in fear that swift execution of Protestant leaders was needed due to a fear of a Protestant attack on Paris | St. Batholomew's Day Massacre | |
| 253746896 | First Line of the Bourbon dynasty. Converted to Catholicism; example of a politique," Paris is well worth a mass!" | Henry (IV) of Navarre | |
| 253746897 | Granted Religious toleration to Huguenots in France, issued by Henry IV | Edict of Nantes | |
| 253746898 | was a defensive alliance of Lutheran princes within the Holy Roman Empire | Schmalkaldic League | |
| 253746899 | Most destructive of all of the Wars of Religion; had four distinguished periods; sparked in Bohemia after the ascension of Ferdinand II | Thirty Year's War | |
| 253746900 | An alliance of German Protestant leaders of cities and states, founded in 1608 for the purpose of defending the lands, people, and rights of each individual member. Also known as the Evangelical League | Protestant Union | |
| 253746901 | Maximilian I, Duke of Bavaria organized a group to counter Protestant alliances in the HRE | Catholic League | |
| 253746902 | a region formed in the western part of the Czech Republic | Bohemia | |
| 253746903 | Ferdinand II inherited the throne ordering moves of suppression on all of the Protestant churches, when the cronies go into the Protestant church, they are literally thrown out the window. | Defenestration of Prague | |
| 253746904 | Dutch republican government body - one among several republican govt. in Europe (Switzerland, Genoa, Venice and England Cromwell) | United Provinces | |
| 253746905 | powerful mercenary; gained a great deal of territory by joining Ferdinand during the conquest of Bohemia | Albrecht von Wallenstein | |
| 253746906 | The Emperor declared all church territories had been secularized since 1552 to be automatically restored to the Catholic Church | Edict of Restitution | |
| 253746907 | deeply pious king of a unified Lutheran nation -- Sweden; new leader of the Protestant forces within the empire | Gustavus Adolphus |
