Learning
Terms : Hide Images
| 674668696 | Acquisition | The formation of a new conditioned response tendency. | 1 | |
| 674668697 | Avoidance Learning | Learning that has occurred when an organism engages in response that prevents aversive stimulation from occurring. | 2 | |
| 674668698 | Behavior Modification | A systematic approach to changing behavior through the application through of the principles of conditioning. | 3 | |
| 674668699 | Behavioral Contract | A written agreement outlining a promise to adhere to the contingencies of a behavior modification program. | 4 | |
| 674668700 | Classical Conditioning | A type of learning in which a neutral stimulus acquires the ability to evoke a response that was originally evoked by another stimulus. | 5 | |
| 674668701 | Conditioned Reinforcers | Stimulus events that acquire qualities by being associated with the reinforcers. | 6 | |
| 674668702 | Conditioned Response | A learned reaction to a condition stimulus that occurs because of previous conditioning. | 7 | |
| 674668703 | Continuous Reinforcement | Reinforcing every instance of a designed response. | 8 | |
| 674668704 | Cumulative Recorder | A graphic record of reinforcement and responding in a Skinner box as a function of time. | 9 | |
| 674668705 | Conditioned Stimulus | A previously neutral stimulus that has, through conditioning, acquired the capacity to evoke a conditioned response. | 10 | |
| 674668706 | Discriminative Stimuli | Cues that influence operant behavior by indicating the probable consequences (reinforcement or nonreinforcement) of a response. | 11 | |
| 674668707 | Elicit | To draw out or bring forth. | 12 | |
| 674668708 | Emit | To send forth. | 13 | |
| 674668709 | Escape Learning | A type of learning in which an organism acquires a response that decreases or ends some aversive stimulation. | 14 | |
| 674668710 | Evaluate Conditioning | Efforts to transfer the emotion attached to unconditioned stimulus to a new conditioned stimulus. | 15 | |
| 674668711 | Extinction | The gradual weakening and disappearance of a conditioned response tendency. | 16 | |
| 674668712 | Fixed-Interval Schedule | A reinforcement in which the reinforcer is given for the first response that occurs after a fixed time interval has elapsed. | 17 | |
| 674668713 | Fixed-Ratio Schedule | A reinforcer schedule in which the reinforcer is given after a fixed number of non reinforced responses. | 18 | |
| 674668714 | High-Order Conditioning | A type of conditioning in which a conditioned stimulus functions as if it were an unconditioned stimulus. | 19 | |
| 674668715 | Phobias | Irrational fears of specific objects or situations. | 20 | |
| 674668716 | Latent Learning | Learning that is not apparent from behavior when it first occurs. | 21 | |
| 674668717 | Learning | A relatively durable change in behavior or knowledge that is due to experience. | 22 | |
| 674668718 | Negative Reinforcement | The strengthening of a response because it is followed by the removal of an aversive (unpleasant) stimulus. | 23 | |
| 674668719 | Observational Learning | A type of learning that occurs when an organism's responding is influenced by the observation of others, who are called models. | 24 | |
| 674668720 | Operant Chamber | A small enclosure in which an animal can make a specific response that is systematically recorded while the consequences of the response are controlled | 25 | |
| 674668721 | Operant Conditioning | A form of learning in which voluntary responses come to be controlled by their consequences. | 26 | |
| 674668722 | Partial Reinforcement | A reinforcement schedule in which a designated response is reinforced only some of the time. | 27 | |
| 674668723 | Positive Reinforcement | Reinforcement that occurs when a response is strengthened because it is followed by the presentation of a rewarding stimulus. | 28 | |
| 674668724 | Primary Reinforcers | Events that are inherently reinforcing because they satisfy biological needs. | 29 | |
| 674668725 | Punishment | An event that follows a response that weakens or suppresses the tendency to make that response. | 30 | |
| 674668726 | Reinforcement | An event following a response that strengthens the tendency to make that response. | 31 | |
| 674668727 | Reinforcement Contingencies | The circumstances or rules that determine whether response lead to the presentation of reinforcers. | 32 | |
| 674668728 | Renewal Effect | Phenomenon that occurs if a response is extinguished in a different environment than it was acquired; the extinguished response will reappear if the animal is returned to the original environment where acquisition took place. | 33 | |
| 674668729 | Resistance to Extinction | In operant conditioning, the phenomenon that occurs when an organism continues to make a response after delivery of the reinforcer for it has been terminated. | 34 | |
| 674668730 | Schedule of Reinforcement | A specific presentation of reinforcer over time. | 35 | |
| 674668731 | Secondary Reinforcers | Stimulus events that acquire reinforcing qualities by being associated with primary reinforcers. | 36 | |
| 674668732 | Shaping | The reinforcement of closer and closer approximations of a desired response. | 37 | |
| 674668733 | Spontaneous Recovery | In classical conditioning, the reappearance of an extinguished response after a period of nonexposure to the conditioned stimulus. | 38 | |
| 674668734 | Stimulus Discrimination | The phenomenon that occurs when an organism that has learned a response to a specific stimulus does not respond in the same way to stimuli that are similar to the original stimulus. | 39 | |
| 674668735 | Trial | In classical conditioning. any presentation of a stimulus or pair of stimuli. | 40 | |
| 674668736 | Unconditioned Response | An unlearned reaction to an unconditioned stimulus that occurs without previous conditioning. | 41 | |
| 674668737 | Unconditioned Stimulus | A stimulus that evokes an unconditioned response without previous conditioning. | 42 | |
| 674668738 | Variable-Interval Schedule | A reinforcement schedule in which the reinforcer is given for the first response after a variable time interval has elapsed. | 43 | |
| 674668739 | Variable-Ratio Schedule | A reinforcement schedule in which the reinforcer is given after a variable number of reinforced responses. | 44 |
