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| 684504798 | Zhou | originally a vassal family of Shang China; possibly Turkic in origin; overthrew Shang and established the 2nd historical Chinese dynasty | 1 | |
| 684504799 | Confucius | also known as Kung Fuzi; major Chinese philosopher; born in 6th century BCE; philosophy based on need for restoration of order through advice of superior men to be found among the shi | 2 | |
| 684504800 | Analects | written by Confucius; outlined his philosophy | 3 | |
| 684504801 | Qin | established in 221 BCE at the end of the Warring States period following the decline of the Zhou dynasty; fell in 207 BCE | 4 | |
| 684504802 | Shi Huangdi | founder of the brief Qin dynasty in 221 BCE | 5 | |
| 684504803 | Great Wall | Chinese defensive fortification intended to keep out the nomadic invaders from the north; initiated during the Qin dynasty and reign of Shi Huangdi | 6 | |
| 684504804 | Han dynasty | Chinese dynasty that succeeded the Qin in 202 BCE; ruled for the next 400 years | 7 | |
| 684504805 | Wu Ti | Han "Warrior Emperor" who greatly expanded the empire (140-87 BCE); promoted peace; supported Confucianism; established first civil service examinations in the world; furthered the Chinese government bureaucracy | 8 | |
| 684504806 | Legalism | a type of thought counter to Confucianism; advocated pragmatism; favored an authoritarian state ruled by force | 9 | |
| 684504807 | Daoism | philosophy associated with Laozi; stressed need for alignment with Dao or cosmic force | 10 | |
| 684504808 | Laozi | Famous advocator of Daoism; lived in the 5th century BCE | 11 | |
| 684504809 | Silk Roads | the most famous of the trading routes established by pastoral nomads connecting the European, Indian, and Chinese civilizations; transmitted goods and ideas among civilizations | 12 | |
| 685389558 | scholar-gentry | Chinese class created by the marital linkage of the local land-holding aristocracy with the office-holding shi; superseded shi as governors of China | 13 |
