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Chapter 7 - The Road to Revolution Flashcards

Chapter 7 - The Road to Revolution (1763-1775)

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507255266Republicanismta just society in which all citizens willingly subordinated their private, selfish interests to the common good.0
507255267Radical Whigsa group of British political commentators, made attacks on the use of patronage and bribes by the king's ministers.1
507255268Georgiawas the only colony to be formed by Britain.2
507255269Navigation Law of 1650stated that all goods flowing to and from the colonies could only be transported in British vessels. It was aimed to hurt rival Dutch shippers.3
507255271Sugar Act of 1764the first law ever passed by Parliament to raise tax revenue in the colonies for England.4
507255272Quartering Act of 1765required certain colonies to provide food and quarters for British troops.5
507255273Stamp ActIn 1765, mandated the use of stamped paper or the affixing of stamps, certifying payment of tax.6
507255275Nonimportation agreementsagreements made to not import British goods were a stride toward unionism.7
507255276Sons of Liberty and Daughters of Libertytook the law into their own hands by enforcing the nonimportation agreements.8
507255277Stamp Act repealedwas repealed by Parliament in 1766.9
507255278Declaratory ActParliament passed the act, reaffirming its right to bind the colonies in all cases whatsoever.10
507255279Townshend ActsIn 1767, Parliament passed a light import tax on glass, white lead, paper, paint, and tea.11
507255280Boston MassacreBritish officials, faced with a breakdown of law and order, landed 2 regiments of troops in the colonies in 1768. On March 5, 1770, a crowd of 60 townspeople attacked 10 redcoats and the redcoats opened fired on the civilians, killing/wounding 11 of them.12
507255281The Seditious Committees of CorrespondenceLord North was forced to persuade Parliament to repeal the Townshend revenue duties.13
507255282Samuel Adamsmaster propagandist and engineer of rebellion; formed the first local committee of correspondence in Massachusetts in 1772 (Sons of Liberty).14
507255283Committees of Correspondancewere created by the American colonies in order to maintain communication with one another. They were organized in the decade before the Revolution when communication between the colonies became essential.15
507255284Virginia House of BurgessesIn March of 1773, proposed that each colonial legislature appoint a standing committee for intercolonial correspondance. Within just a year, nearly all of the colonies had joined.16
507255285Boston Tea PartyIn 1773, the British East India Company was overstocked with 17 million pounds of unsold tea. If the company collapsed, the London government would lose much money. Therefore, the London government gave the company a full monopoly of the tea sell in America. Fearing that it was trick to pay more taxes on tea, the Americans rejected the tea. When the ships arrived in the Boston harbor, the governor of Massachusetts, Thomas Hutchinson, forced the citizens to allow the ships to unload their tea. On December 16, 1773, a band of Bostonians, disguised as Indians, boarded the ships and dumped the tea into the sea.17
507255286Intolerable ActsIn 1774, Parliament punished the people of Massachusetts for their actions in the Boston Tea Party. Parliament passed laws which restricted colonists' rights. The laws made restrictions on town meetings, and stated that enforcing officials who killed colonists in the line of duty would be sent to Britain for trial (where it was assumed they would be acquitted of their charges).18
507255287Boston Port ActIt closed the Boston harbor until damages were paid and order could be ensured, part of the Intolerable Acts.19
507255288Quebec Actwas also passed in 1774, but was not apart of the Intolerable Acts. It gave Catholic French Canadians religious freedom and restored the French form of civil law; this law nullified many of the Western claims of the coast colonies by extending the boundaries of the province of Quebec to the Ohio River on the south and to the Mississippi River on the west.20
5072552891st Continental CongressIn 1774, met in Philadelphia in order to redress colonial grievances over the Intolerable Acts. The 13 colonies, excluding Georgia, sent 55 men to the convention.21
507255290The Associationwas the most important outcome of the Congress. It called for a complete boycott of British goods; nonimportation, nonexportation, and nonconsumption.22
507255291rebel ringleadersIn April 1775, the British commander in Boston sent a detachment of troops to Lexington. They were to seize provisions of colonial gunpowder and to capture, Samuel Adams and John Hancock.23
507255292Lexington Massacre8 Americans were shot and killed. When the British went on to Concord, they were met with American resistance and there were over 300 casualties and 70 deaths. Because of this, the British had a war, rather than a rebellion on their hands.24
507255294Marquis de LafayetteFrench who was made a major general in the colonial army at the age of 19; the "French Gamecock"; his services were invaluable in securing further aid from France.25
507255295Articles of Confederationwas adopted in 1781. It was the first written constitution adopted by colonists. Due to the lack of metallic money in America, Continental Congress was forced to print "Continental" paper money. Within a short time, this money depreciated significantly and individual states were forced to print their own paper money.26
507255296Valley Forge, PennsylvaniaAmerican men went without food for 3 days in the winter of 1777-1778.27
507255297Baron von SteubenGerman who helped to whip the America fighters into shape for fighting the British.28
507255298Lord Dunmoreroyal (British) governor of Virginia. In 1775, he issued a proclamation promising freedom for any enslaved black in Virginia who joined the British army.29
507378658Prime Minister George Grenvillethe main man that enforced the Navigation Laws30

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