Key terms, people, and events from Chapter 8 of the 13th edition of the American Pageant.
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| 1142777226 | Second Continental Congress | Met in May, 1775. Drafted new appeals to the British government, eventually called for independence. | 1 | |
| 1142777227 | George Washington | Chosen by the Second Continental Congress to lead the Continental army. He was a natural leader and very charismatic. | 2 | |
| 1142777228 | Hessians | German soldiers hired by the British government to fight in the Revolutionary War | 3 | |
| 1142777229 | Olive Branch Petition | Issued by the 2nd Continental Congress. Last ditch effort for peace. Rejected by King George III. | 4 | |
| 1142777230 | Battle of Bunker Hill | Located near Boston, a battle that the colonists won decisively due to faulty British strategy. (June 1775) | 5 | |
| 1142777231 | Thomas Paine | Published the pamphlet Common Sense which urged colonists to declare independence. | 6 | |
| 1142777232 | Common Sense | Pamphlet that urged colonists to break away from England and declare independence. Sold over 120,000 copies. | 7 | |
| 1142777233 | Republican Motherhood | Type of government in which power comes from the people. Power is derived from popular consent. | 8 | |
| 1142777234 | Thomas Jefferson | He created a list of grievances against England and wrote a formal declaration of independence. | 9 | |
| 1142777235 | Declaration of Independence | A list of grievances against England. Also called "The world's greatest editorial." Influenced by John Locke. | 10 | |
| 1142777236 | Patriots | Name for American colonists that fought both the British and loyalists during the Revolutionary war. | 11 | |
| 1142777237 | Loyalists | Made up 20% of the population, in favor of the King, fought on the side of the British. | 12 | |
| 1142777238 | General Burgoyne | General of British army at Saratoga. Surrendered to the colonists. | 13 | |
| 1142777239 | Battle of Saratoga | Most important battle of the Rev. war. After this, the French sided with the Americans and provided important aid. | 14 | |
| 1142777240 | Joseph Brant | Mohawk Indian chief who sided with the British during the war. Forced to sign first treaty between US and Indians. | 15 | |
| 1142777241 | Battle of Yorktown | Last major battle of the war. The French blockaded British ships in New England. This battle led to General Cornwallis' surrender. | 16 | |
| 1142777242 | General Cornwallis | British general that surrendered at Battle of Yorktown. | 17 | |
| 1142777243 | General Benedict Arnold | Brilliant Patriot General who eventually defected to the British side. This was a huge blow to the morale of the colonists. | 18 | |
| 1142777244 | King George III | Leader of Great Britain during the Revolutionary War. | 19 | |
| 1142777245 | Treaty of Paris of 1783 | Ended the Revolutionary War. Britain formally recognized America as an independent nation. | 20 |
