Chapter 2 Campbell Biology vocabulary and questions
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| 886679588 | Matter | anything that occupies space and has mass | 0 | |
| 886679589 | Element | a substance that cannot be broken down | 1 | |
| 886679590 | Compound | a substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio | 2 | |
| 886679591 | Trace Elements | essential in human body, but only in minute quantities | 3 | |
| 886679592 | Atom | smallest unit of matter | 4 | |
| 886679593 | Proton | (+) charged subatomic particle | 5 | |
| 886679594 | Electron | (-) charged subatomic particle | 6 | |
| 886679595 | Neutron | (n) charged subatomic particle | 7 | |
| 886679596 | Nucleus | atom's core | 8 | |
| 886679597 | Atomic Number | number assigned to an element by the number of protons it contains | 9 | |
| 886679598 | Mass Number | sum of the number of protons and neutrons in an element | 10 | |
| 886679599 | Atomic Mass | atom's weight | 11 | |
| 886679600 | Isotopes | a form of an element with different # of protons | 12 | |
| 886679601 | Radioactive Isotopes | an unstable form of an element with different # of protons | 13 | |
| 886679602 | Electron Shells | number of electrons for an element to be stable | 14 | |
| 886679603 | Chemical Bonds | atoms linked and held by attractions | 15 | |
| 886679604 | Covalent Bond | atoms linked and sharing valence electrons | 16 | |
| 886679605 | Molecule | linked atoms | 17 | |
| 886679606 | Elecronegativity | attractions for shared electrons | 18 | |
| 886679607 | Nonpolar Covalent Bonds | elements with equally shared electrons | 19 | |
| 886679608 | Polar Covalent Bonds | slightly electromagnetic bonds | 20 | |
| 886679609 | Polar Molecule | a molecule with slight unequal distribution of charges | 21 | |
| 886679610 | Ionic Bond | ions with opposite charges are held together | 22 | |
| 886679611 | Salt | ionic compound w/ metal and nonmetal | 23 | |
| 886679612 | Hydrogen Bond | a bond w/ a H+ ion | 24 | |
| 886679613 | Chemical Reaction | the breaking and making of chemical bonds leading to changes in the composition of matter | 25 | |
| 886679614 | Reactants | starting materials in a chemical reaction | 26 | |
| 886679615 | Product | ending materials in a chemical reaction | 27 | |
| 886679616 | Cohesion | tendency for same molecules to stick together | 28 | |
| 886679617 | Adhesion | clinging of one substance to another | 29 | |
| 886679618 | Surface Tension | a measure of how difficult it is to stretch or break the surface of a liquid | 30 | |
| 886679619 | Heat | the amount of energy associated with the movement of atoms | 31 | |
| 886679620 | Temperature | the intensity of heat | 32 | |
| 886679621 | Evaporative Cooling | when a substance evaporates and leaves a surface cooler | 33 | |
| 886679622 | Solution | a liquid consisting of a uniform mixture of two or more substances | 34 | |
| 886679623 | Solvent | the dissolving agent in a solution | 35 | |
| 886679624 | Solute | the substance dissolved in a solution | 36 | |
| 886679625 | Aqueous Solution | a solution in which water is the solvent | 37 | |
| 886679626 | Acid | substance that adds H+ ions in solution | 38 | |
| 886679627 | Base | substance that removes H+ions in solution | 39 | |
| 886679628 | pH Scale | scale to describe how acidic or basic a solution is | 40 | |
| 886679629 | Buffers | substance that minimize changes in pH | 41 | |
| 886679630 | Acid Precipitation | precipitation w/ pH lower than 5.2 | 42 | |
| 886679631 | Ocean Acidification | CO2 dissolving in sea water and raising the acidity | 43 | |
| 886679632 | _______ are the smallest part of an element that retains all properties of that element | atom | 44 | |
| 886679633 | _______ cannot be broken down | elements | 45 | |
| 886679634 | _______ is not contained in nucleus | electrons | 46 | |
| 886679635 | an element with different # of protons | isotope | 47 | |
| 886679636 | unstable variation of an element with different # of protons | radioactive isotope | 48 | |
| 886679637 | Electron shells have _______, _______, and _______ electrons | 2, 8, 18 | 49 | |
| 886679638 | _______ bonding involves the transfer of electrons | ionic | 50 | |
| 886679639 | _______ bonding involves the sharing of electrons | covalent | 51 | |
| 886679640 | elements have differing electronegativity are _______ | polar | 52 | |
| 886679641 | elements have the same electronegativity are _______ | nonpolar | 53 | |
| 886679642 | _______ leads to surface tension in water | hydrogen bonding | 54 | |
| 886679643 | sweating is an example of _______ | evaporative cooling | 55 | |
| 886679644 | hydrogen ions = (_______) | H+ | 56 | |
| 886679645 | hydroxide ions = (_______) | OH- | 57 | |
| 886679646 | substances that remove H+ ions are _______ | bases | 58 | |
| 886679647 | substances that add H+ are _______ | acids | 59 | |
| 886679648 | difference between pH of 6 and 7 is _______ | 10X | 60 | |
| 886679649 | when a _______ takes place, compounds change their properties | chemical reaction | 61 | |
| 886679650 | matter neither gained nor destroyed, called _______ | Law of Conservation of Mass | 62 | |
| 886679651 | _______ elements essential to life | 25 | 63 |
