Psychology Ninth Edition by David Myers Chapter 3: Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind Vocabulary
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| 761348743 | consciousness | our awareness of ourselves and our environment. | 0 | |
| 761348744 | cognitive neuroscience | the interdisciplinary study of the brain activity linked with cognition (including perception, thinking, memory, and language). | 1 | |
| 761348745 | dual processing | the principle that information is often simultaneously processed on separate conscious and unconscious tacks. | 2 | |
| 761348746 | selective attention | the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus. | 3 | |
| 761348747 | inattentional blindness | failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere. | 4 | |
| 761348748 | change blindness | failing to notice changes in the environment. | 5 | |
| 761348749 | circadian rhythm | the biological clock; regular bodily rhythms (for example, of temperature and wakefulness) that occur on a 24-hour cycle. | 6 | |
| 761348750 | REM Sleep | rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active. | 7 | |
| 761348751 | alpha waves | the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state. | 8 | |
| 761348752 | sleep | periodic, natural, reversible loss of consciousness - as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma, general anesthesia, or hibernation. | 9 | |
| 761348753 | hallucinations | false sensory experiences, such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus. | 10 | |
| 761348754 | delta waves | the large, slow brain waves associated with deep sleep. | 11 | |
| 761348755 | insomnia | recurring problems in falling or staying asleep. | 12 | |
| 761348756 | narcolepsy | a sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times. | 13 | |
| 761348757 | sleep apnea | a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings | 14 | |
| 761348758 | night terrors | a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during stage 4 sleep, withing two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered. | 15 | |
| 761348759 | dream | a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery, discontinuities, and incongruities, and for the dreamer's delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties remembering it. | 16 | |
| 761348760 | manifest content | according to Freud, the remembered story line of a dream (as distinct from its latent, or hidden, content). | 17 | |
| 761348761 | latent content | according to Freud, the underlying meaning of a dream (as distinct from its manifest content). | 18 | |
| 761348762 | REM rebound | the tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation (created by repeated awakenings during REM sleep). | 19 | |
| 761348763 | hypnosis | a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts, or behaviors will spontaneously occur. | 20 | |
| 761348764 | posthypnotic suggestion | a suggestion, made during a hypnosis session, to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors. | 21 | |
| 761348765 | dissociation | a split in consciousness, which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others. | 22 | |
| 761348766 | psychoactive drug | a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods. | 23 | |
| 761348767 | tolerance | the diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the use to take larger and large doses before experiencing the drug's effect. | 24 | |
| 761348768 | withdrawal | the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug. | 25 | |
| 761348769 | physical dependance | a physiological need for a drug, marked by unpleasant withdrawal symptoms when the drug is discontinued. | 26 | |
| 761348770 | psychological dependance | a psychological need to use a drug, such as to relieve negative emotions. | 27 | |
| 761348771 | addiction | compulsive drug craving and use, despite adverse consequences. | 28 | |
| 761348772 | depressants | drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions. | 29 | |
| 761348773 | barbiturates | drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgment. | 30 | |
| 761348774 | opiates | opium and its derivatives, such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety. | 31 | |
| 761348775 | stimulants | drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions. | 32 | |
| 761348776 | amphetamines | drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes. | 33 | |
| 761380848 | methamphetamines | a powerfully addictive drug that stimulates the central nervous system, with speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes; over time, appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels. | 34 | |
| 761380849 | Ecstasy (MDMA) | a synthetic stimulant and mild hallucinogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy, but with short-term health risks and longer-term harm to serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition. | 35 | |
| 761380850 | hallucinations | psychedelic (mind-manifesting") drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input. | 36 | |
| 761380851 | LSD | a powerful hallucinogenic drug; also known as acid (lysergic acid diethylamide). | 37 | |
| 761380852 | THC | the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations. | 38 | |
| 761380853 | near-death experience | an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with death (such as through cardiac arrest); often similar to drug-induced hallucinations. | 39 |
