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| 4796582250 | Code of Hammurabi Theme: development and transformation of social structures | Definition:well-preserved Babylonian law code of ancient Mesopotamia, dating back to about 1754 BC. It is one of the oldest deciphered writings of significant length in the world. Key Concept: 2.1 The development and codification of religious and cultural traditions Sig: One of the first law codes made that depicted Hammurabi and Shamash and it showed that they developed a writing system. | 0 | |
| 4796582884 | Harappa Theme: Interaction between humans and the environment | Definition:archaeological site in Punjab, Pakistan, about 24 km west of Sahiwal. The site takes its name from a modern village located near the former course of the Ravi River. Key Concept: 1.3 The development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral and urban societies. Sig: Archaeologists must have found valuable information in this site. | 1 | |
| 4796583360 | Hieroglyphs Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition: designating or pertaining to a pictographic script, particularly that of the ancient Egyptians, in which many of the symbols are conventionalized, recognizable pictures of the things represented. Key Concept: 2.1: the development and codification of religious and cultural traditions Sig: This was one of the first writing systems created in early times. | 2 | |
| 4796584004 | Mohenjo Daro Theme: state building, expansion, and conflict | Definition: built in the 26th century BCE. It was one of the largest cities of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, also known as the Harappan Civilization, which developed around 3000 BCE from the prehistoric Indus culture. Key Concept 2.2:The development of states and empires Sig: This civilization must have contributed something important to history and us. | 3 | |
| 4796592132 | Patriarchy Theme: development and transformation of social structures | Definition:a system of society or government in which the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line. Key Concept: 1.3: the development and interactions of ealy agricultural, pastoral and urban societies Sig: Patriarchy was a sexes life style that was practiced a lot throughout history. | 4 | |
| 4796592545 | Salinization Theme: Interaction between humans and the environment | Definition:refers to a build up of salts in soil, eventually to toxic levels for plants. (3,000 - 6,000 ppm salt results in trouble for most cultivated plants.) Salt in soils decreases the osmotic potential of the soil so that plants can't take up water from it. Key Concept: 1.3: the development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral and urban societies. Sig: Humans must have contributed in salinization as they started to grow crops. | 5 | |
| 4796592655 | Uruk Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition:ancient city of Sumer and later Babylonia, situated east of the present bed of the Euphrates river, on the dried-up, ancient channel of the Euphrates River, some 30 km east of modern As-Samawah, Al-Muthannā, Iraq. Key Concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral, and urban societies. Sig: Uruk probably had a stable source of water but mnau floods and it must have influenced other cities. | 6 | |
| 4796593701 | Cuneiform Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition:system of writing first developed by the ancient Sumerians of Mesopotamia c. 3500-3000 BCE. Key Concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral, and urban societies Sig: This ancient writing system must have influenced for other writing systems to be created. | 7 | |
| 4796594102 | Hatshepsut Theme: development and transformation of social structures | Definition:fifth pharaoh of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt. She was the second historically confirmed female pharaoh and came to the throne of Egypt in 1478 BC. Key concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral, and urban societies sig: A very strong and brave female leader | 8 | |
| 4796600580 | Hyksos Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition:people of mixed Semitic and Asian descent who invaded Egypt and settled in the Nile delta circa 1640 BC. They formed the 15th and 16th dynasties of Egypt and ruled a large part of the country until driven out circa 1532 BC. Key concept: 1.3: the development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral and urban societies Sig: They must have declined because of internal and external struggles. | 9 | |
| 4796594182 | Nubia Theme:interaction between humans and the environment | Definition:region along the Nile river located in what is today northern Sudan and southern Egypt. Key Concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early and agricultural, pastoral and urban societies Sig: This region must have been used a lot by humans and a place where some even settled in. | 10 | |
| 4796594347 | Phoenicians Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition:member of a Semitic people inhabiting ancient Phoenicia and its colonies. The Phoenicians prospered from trade and manufacturing until the capital, Tyre, was sacked by Alexander the Great in 332 BC. Key concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral and urban societies Sig: They must have had weak defenses and were unprepared when they were sacked. | 11 | |
| 4796594849 | Shang dynasty Theme: state building, expansion, and conflict | Definition:according to traditional historiography, ruled in the Yellow River valley in the second millennium BC, succeeding the Xia dynasty and followed by the Zhou dynasty. Key concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral and urban societies. Sig: The Shang dynasty must have done mistakes and the dynasties that followed tried to not make those as well. | 12 | |
| 4796595102 | Ziggurat Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition:were a form of temple common to the Sumerians, Babylonians and Assyrians of ancient Mesopotamia Key concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral and urban societies Sig: Later temples and perhaps pyramids were probably influenced by ziggurats. |  | 13 |
| 4796595612 | Epic of Gilgamesh Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition:an epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia. Dating from the Third Dynasty of Ur (circa 2100 BC), it is often regarded as the earliest surviving great work of literature. The literary history of Gilgamesh begins with five Sumerian poems about 'Bilgamesh' (Sumerian for 'Gilgamesh'), king of Uruk. Key concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral and early societies Sig: more than likely only high class people were able to read it or have access to it and this poem probably influenced for others to be made. | 14 | |
| 4796596750 | Hebrews Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition:member of an ancient people living in what is now Israel and Palestine and, according to biblical tradition, descended from the patriarch Jacob, grandson of Abraham. Key concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early agricultural, pastoral and urban societies Sig: They must have had a more developed tradition and beliefs. | 15 | |
| 4796598922 | Mandate of Heaven Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition:an ancient Chinese belief/theory and philosophical idea that tiān (heaven) granted emperors the right to rule based on their ability to govern well, appropriately and fairly. Key Concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early and agricultural, pastoral and urban societies Sig: Because of this belief, maybe these "granted" emperors felt superior towards others, making them corrupt. | 16 | |
| 4796599125 | Oracle Bones Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition:pieces of ox scapula or turtle plastron, which were used for pyromancy - a form of divination - in ancient China, mainly during the late Shang dynasty. Key Concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early and agricultural, pastoral and urban societies. Sig: This must have influenced for others to use other animal parts for other things such as spiritual/religious. | 17 | |
| 4796599403 | Quipu Theme: development and interaction of cultures | Definition:sometimes known as khipus or talking knots, were recording devices historically used in the region of Andean South America. A quipu usually consisted of colored, spun, and plied thread or strings made from cotton or camelid fiber. Key Concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early and agricultural, pastoral and urban societies. sig: These devices must have been very useful for the people who used them. | 18 | |
| 4796600366 | Teotihuacan Theme: interaction between humans and the environment | Definition:a vast Mexican archaeological complex northeast of Mexico City. Key Concept 1.3: the development and interactions of early and agricultural, pastoral and urban societies Sig: This city was home to the Toltecs and others who came later on. | 19 |
