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Pre-AP World History Flashcards

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3808551517PolisAn city state in Ancient Greece.0
3808554219AthensHas been the center of Greek civilization.1
3808554220SpartaIt is a city in Greece which has the best military of all of Greece and they are powerful.2
3808556102Monarchyruled by a king and queen3
3808558664Philosophylike a wise man4
3808558665HellenismGreek culture spread across western Asia and northeastern Africa after the conquests of Alexander the Great. The period ended with the fall of the last major Hellenistic kingdom to Rome, but Greek cultural influence persisted until the spread of Islam.5
3808560403Corinthian ColumnsFloral top6
3808560404CapitolUsed only when talking about a building7
3808561667TragedyA serious form of drama dealing with the downfall of a heroic or noble character8
3808571030Friezeornamental band on a wall9
3808578277Alexandria, Egyptforemost center of commerce and Hellenstic cultur10
3808580010SocratesAncient Greek philosopher. Promoted introspection by saying, "Know thyself."11
3808580011Direct DemocracyA form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives12
3808581054AutocracyA system of government in which the power to rule is in the hands of a single individual13
3808581055DictatorshipA form of government in which the ruler is an absolute dictator (not restricted by a constitution or laws or opposition etc.)14
3808585123DemocracyA political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them15
3808585830Representative DemocracyA system of government in which citizens elect representatives, or leaders, to make decisions about the laws for all the people.16
3808585831Anarchya lack of government and law; confusion17
3808587839OligarchyA government ruled by a few powerful people18
3808587840Juntaa military group ruling a country after seizing power19
3808587841PlatoWas a disciple of Socrates whose cornerstone of thought was his theory of Forms, in which there was another world of perfection.20
3808590390Allegory of the CavePlato Seeing is not always true; Plato uses this to say that we only have a skewed view on the world and do not take into account what we may not know21
3808590391PilarThe wall is a stratified squamous epithelium with a palisaded outer layer resembling that of the outer root sheath of hair follicles. The inner layer is corrugated without a granular layer.22
3808602094HubrisExcessive pride or self confidence23
3808604234Oedipus RexSophocles24
3808604235LintelThe horizontal stone or timber placed across and architectural space to take the weight of the roof or wall above; also called a beam.25
3808605130Doric ColumnsThis simple style has a plain top. Its was used throughout Greece and its colonies26
3808606862AristotleGreek philosopher. A pupil of Plato, the tutor of Alexander the Great, and the author of works on logic, metaphysics, ethics, natural sciences, politics, and poetics, he profoundly influenced Western thought. In his philosophical system, which led him to criticize what he saw as Plato's metaphysical excesses, theory follows empirical observation and logic, based on the syllogism, is the essential method of rational inquiry.27
3808606863EkklesiaTo call out of28
3808606864BouleAnother name for the Council of 500 of the Athenian government29
3808607691HelotIn ancient Sparta, captive peoples who were forced to work for their conquerors30
3808607692TheocracyA state whose government is either believed to be divinely guided or a state under the control of a group of religious leaders.31
3808611636DikasteriaGreek jury; 500 jurors chosen daily using kleroterion; had unlimited power32
3808611637PericlesAn Athenian leader who transformed Athens into a community of scientists, philosophers, poets, dramatists, artists, and architects and who was a big promoter of democracy.33
3808612317Persian WarsConflicts between Greek city-states and the Persian Empire, ranging from the Ionian Revolt (499-494 B.C.E.) through Darius's punitive expedition that failed at Marathon. Chronicled by Herodotus.34
3808613726Peloponnesian WarsA war of Sparta against Athens from 431-421. Athens had a stronger navy but sparta had a stronger army and the inland location made a navy unnecessary so pericles waited to attack sparta until it they were in the sea. When the spartans marched into the Athenian territory they burnt the Athenian food supply. Eventually Athens was weakened by a plague and the two side signed a truce35
3808616324Alexander the GreatHe and his father defeated and united the weakened Greek city-states and he defeated the Persian Empire in 330 BCE thus spreading Greek culture and influence throughout Western Asia.36
3808617055ionic Columnstall, slender, scroll-shaped capital-column37
3808617818Pedimenta triangular gable between a horizontal entablature and a sloping roof38
3808620521Philosopher KingPlato39

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