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| 4156417979 | Industrial Revolution | Around the 1800s there were monopolized industry that brought extra help in the use of steam power and machinery. | 0 | |
| 4156417980 | Fossil Fuels Revolution | The new uses for oil, coal, and gas helped build up the industrial industry. | 1 | |
| 4156417981 | Second Industrial Revolution | The second half of the 1900s, also known as the technology revolution. | 2 | |
| 4156417982 | Guano | Guano was a Fertilizer in South America. | 3 | |
| 4156417983 | Adam Smith | Adam Smith 1723 - 1790) was a Scottish moral philosopher, pioneer of political economy, and key Scottish Enlightenment figure. Adam Smith is best known for two classic works "The Theory of Moral Sentiments", and "An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations". The Wealth of Nations, is considered the first modern work of economics. Smith is cited as the "father of modern economics" and is still among the most influential thinkers in the field of economics today | 4 | |
| 4156417984 | John Stuart Mill | John Stuart Mill was a political economist, civil , and a British philosopher. He was a very big influential provider to the social, and political theory, and the political economy. | 5 | |
| 4156417985 | Classical Liberalism | Classical Liberalism is the taking away of the older classical political ways. | 6 | |
| 4156417986 | Gold Standard | In the 1900's the Gold Standard was signed by McKinley. Which said that all paper money should and would be backed up by gold. This means that the government had to keep gold in special places whenever someone decided that they wanted to trade in their money. this eventually eliminated silver coins. | 7 | |
| 4156417987 | Limited Liability Corporations | The form of business where ownership is in which the owners are liable only up to a certain amount of their individual investment. | 8 | |
| 4156417988 | United Fruit Company | The United Fruit Company was an American corporation that traded tropical fruit, they also grew on Central and South American plantations, and sold in Europe and the United States. | 9 | |
| 4156417989 | HSBC( Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation) | The Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking Corporation was established and based in Hong Kong since the 1865, when Hong Kong was one of the British colonies. | 10 | |
| 4156417990 | Utopian Socialism | Utopian Socialsim is an ideal society that is based on socialist ideals like Louis Blanc and Charles Fourier | 11 | |
| 4156417991 | Marxism | Marxism is the theory that Karl marx and Frederich Engels created that centers on the communism and its inevitability. | 12 | |
| 4156417992 | Anarchism | Anarchism is a political philosophy that advocates stateless societies often said as self-governed voluntary institutions. | 13 | |
| 4156417993 | Qing China | The Qing Dynasty (1644-1912) that took over after the Ming Dynasty. Believed in the mandate of heaven. Two big rulers during this time was Kangxi and Qianlong. The last dynasty in this region was ended by war, rebellions, and natural disasters. | 14 | |
| 4156417994 | Meiji Japan | Meiji Japan was an era that lasted from 1868-1912 when Japan began it's rapid pricess of westernization, industrialization, and expansion in foreign affairs. | 15 | |
| 4156417995 | Tsarist Russia | The tsarist empire in Asia and E europe, they were overthrown by the Russian Revolution in 1917. | 16 | |
| 4156417996 | China's Self-Strengthening Movement | In 1861-1895, was a period of institutional reforms initiated during the late Qing dynasty that went behind a series of military defeats and concessions to foreign powers. | 17 | |
| 4156417997 | Muhammad Ali | Muhammad Ali had the supremacy of Egypt by 1811 which began a modernization process based on Western models but didn't work out to greatly and changed Egypt. Muhammad Ali died in 1848 but still left a legacy behind. | 18 | |
| 4156417998 | Opium Wars | The Opium War was a conflict in China during the Mid-19th century between the Qing Dynasty and the Western countries. The first war was fought between Britain and China. The second war was known as the Arrow War/ Anglo- French war also in China and was fought by Britain and France against China. The first war had to do with China trying to gain supremacy over trade and the second was China trying to quell the Taiping Rebellion. | 19 | |
| 4156417999 | Tokugawa Japan | Tokugawa Japan was the final period of traditional Japan during the time period of 1603-1867, founded by Tokugawa Leyasu, Shoguns. | 20 | |
| 4156418000 | Cherokee Nation | Cherokee Nation was established in the 20th century due to the relocation of people of old Cherokee decedents who left and went to the Southeast due to pressure increase by the Indians and also some being forced to move to the what was called the Trial of tears. | 21 | |
| 4156418001 | Zulu Kingdom | The Zulu Kingdom was a Monarchy society in S. Africa and extended along the coast of the Indian Ocean starting from the Tugela River in the S. to the Pongola River in the N. | 22 | |
| 4156418002 | Social Darwinism | Social Darwinism is the theory of individuals,groups, and peoples to subject to the same laws of natural selection like plants and animals. | 23 | |
| 4156418003 | Voltaire | Voltaire (1694-1778) was a writer, Historian, and a Philosopher. He was considered one of Frances greatest Enlightenment writers. Grew closer to his free-thinking godfather. One of his best known-plays was Oedipus. Died in his sleep on May 30, 1778. | 24 | |
| 4156418004 | Rousseau | Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a Genevan writer, philosopher, and a composer in the 18th century. He influenced the French Revolution and the development of the modern political and educational thoughts. | 25 | |
| 4156418005 | Natural Rights | Natural Rights are the rights that people have under the natural law the Declaration of Independence of the United States says that the life,Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness as a natural right. | 26 | |
| 4156418006 | Social Contract | The social Contract was published in 1765 by Jean -Jacques Rousseau and was meant as an agreement among members of the society to cooperate for social benefits. | 27 | |
| 4156418007 | Locke | John Locke was an English Philosopher and physician he is known as one of the most influential of enlightenment thinkers also known as the "Father of Classical Liberalism" | 28 | |
| 4156418008 | Montesquieu | Montesquieu (1689-1755) was a French Philosopher, Lawyer, and wrote letters. Montesquieu was famous for his articulation of the theory of separation of powers. which is used in the constitution throughout the world. | 29 | |
| 4156418009 | American declaration of independence | The American Declaration of Independence was a proclamation made by the second American Continental Congress on July 4, 1776. Which gave freedom and independence to the thirteen colonies that belonged to Great Britain. | 30 | |
| 4156418010 | Bolivar's Jamaica Letter | The Bolivar Jamaica letter was a document written by an English man named Simon Bolivar where he expanded his views on thee independence movement in Venezuela and the way the government under the way they tried to operate. Later on Bolivar eventually attempted to implement those same ideas. | 31 | |
| 4156418011 | French Declaration of the Rights of women and the female citizens | Also known as thee Declaration of the Rights of Woman. It was written in 1791 by French activist. based off the Declaration of the Rights of men. The purpose to expose the wrong doings of the French revolution which was always devoted to sexual equality. | 32 | |
| 4156418012 | Mary Wollstonecraft's A Vindication of the Rights of Women | A vindication of the rights of women was written in the 1th century by Mary Wollstonecraft which was one of the earliest works of female philosophy. She wrote about women education so the people who don't believe can see with their own eyes and that women need to be viewed as more than just wives they need to become a mere part of the society. | 33 | |
| 4156418013 | Olympe de Gouge's Declaration of the Rights of women and the female Citizens | (1758-1793) Marie Gouze was a self educated women who wrote a pamphlet and plays on different issues, also in this pamphlet she includes a declaration of the rights of women parallel to the declaration of men. Basically criticizing, she showed the pamphlet to the Queen Marie Antoinette. | 34 | |
| 4156418014 | Seneca Falls Convention of 1848 | The first women's right convention. Held in Seneca Falls, New York to discuss the social, civil, and religious condition and rights of women. It lasted two days from July 19-20th bring in attraction and attention. Which led to other conventions like the one in Rochester, New York. | 35 | |
| 4156418015 | Mughal Sultans | The Mughal Sultans were mughal emperors and were members of the Timurid dynasty who ruled the Mughal Empire in South Asia from the early 16th century to the early 18th century. At their empire's greatest extent in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, they controlled much of the Indian subcontinent, extending from Bengal in the east to Kabul and Sindh in the west, Kashmir in the north to the Kaveri basin in the south.Its population at that time has been estimated as between 110 and 150 million (a quarter of the world's population), over a territory of more than 3.2 million square kilometres (1.2 million square miles). | 36 | |
| 4156418016 | Marathas | Warriors that were part of a group cast in India that were found mostly in the state Maharashtra. | 37 | |
| 4156418017 | American Revolution | The American Revolution was a a political upheaval that ended up taking places between 1765 and 1783 during these time the rebels in the 13th colonies denied thee British Monarchy and overthrew the authority of Great British to gain its Independence from them which soon formed the United States of America. | 38 | |
| 4156418018 | Haitian Revolution | The Haitian Revolution was a slave revolt in the French colony this was the only successful revolt that took place in Saint-Domingue which ended slavery there. The revolt began in with rebellious black slaves in 1791 and ended 1803 with the defeat of the French. | 39 | |
| 4156418019 | Latin American Independence Movement | The Latin American Independence movement was a revolution that took place in the 18th and 19th century and this resulted in the creation of other independence in Latin American. That soon followed other | 40 | |
| 4156418020 | Maroon Societies | Maroon Societies are a systematic study of the communities formed by escaped slaves in the Caribbean, Latin American. and the United States. | 41 | |
| 4156418021 | Indian Revolt of 1857 | The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was also called the Indian's first War of Independence, the Great Rebellion, Indian Mutiny, or the Sepoy Mutiny and began in 1857 as a mutiny of sepoys of the British East Indian Company army. | 42 | |
| 4156418022 | Boxer Rebellion | The Boxer Rebellion was a boxer uprising or another name that they call it is the Yihetuan Movement which was an anti-imperialist uprising that took place in China towards the end of the Qing Dynasty between 1899 and 1901. This was initiated by the Militia united in Righteousness also known to the English as the "Boxers" | 43 | |
| 4156418023 | Taiping Rebellion | The Taiping Rebellion was a massive civil war in Southern part of China during the time period of 1850 and 1864. Against the ruling Manchu Qing Dynasty. That was led by Hong Xiuquan. | 44 | |
| 4156418024 | Ghost Dance | The Ghost Dance was a movement that was a manifestation of Native Americans' fear, anger, and hop stating the onslaught of white invaders, U.S army brutalization, and the U.S legislative. It was also a term Plain Indians applied to the new rituals, Paiutes. | 45 | |
| 4156418025 | Xhosa Cattle-Killing Movement | Thee Xhosa cattle killing movment was a movement during the 1856 when a girl name Nongqawuse received a message from a spirit saying that "thee dead will rise and the living cattle must be slaughtered. this became an important potent prophecy and an extraordinary story in human history. | 46 | |
| 4156418026 | Tanzimat Movement | The Tanzimat Movement was a series of reforms in the Ottoman Empire that brought the culture education, religion and society more in order with Europe and the United States and western ways. | 47 | |
| 4156418027 | Liberalism | Liberalism In the 20th century was a viewpoint or ideology associated with free political institutions and religious toleration, also with the support of strong roles of the government in regulating capitalism and constructing the welfare state. | 48 | |
| 4156418028 | Socialism | Socialism is a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole. | 49 | |
| 4156418029 | Communism | Communism is a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs. | 50 | |
| 4156418030 | Chinese indentured servitude | A Chinese Indentured servitude or coolie during the 19th and early 20th century, was a term for a locally-sourced unskilled labourer hired by a company, mainly from the Indian subcontinent or Southern China. | 51 | |
| 4156418031 | Indian Indentured Servitude | The Indian indenture servitude was an ongoing system of indenture which was a form of debt bondage, by which 3.5 million Indians were transported to various colonies of European powers to provide labor for the plantations. It started 1833 - 1920. | 52 | |
| 4156418032 | White Australia Policy | The term White Australia Policy comprises various historical policies that intentionally favoured immigration to Australia from certain European countries, and especially from Britain. | 53 | |
| 4156418033 | Chinese Exclusion Act | The Chinese Exclusion Act was a United States federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur in 1882. It was one of the most significant restrictions on free immigration in US history, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers. | 54 | |
| 4156418034 | Global Capitalism | Capitalism in a variety of forms dominates modern society as the preferred economic system while globalization is the movement to grow a system to a globalized scale. Example-market led capitalism is the preferred method in the United States | 55 | |
| 4156418035 | Factory System | The system of producing goods made on a mass scale by machines in a factory which soon replaced goods made by hand .The factory system evolved in England in the 18t century as part of the Industrial Revolution. Example-power loom and the steam engine | 56 | |
| 4156418036 | Consumer Market | Consumer Market is the activity of selling goods or services to people for their own use Example- | 57 | |
| 4156418037 | Industrialized states | State that has a highly developed economy and advanced technologically. relative to other less industrialized nations. Example- England in the 18th century | 58 | |
| 4156418038 | Financial Institutions | Financial Institution was an establishment that focuses on dealing with financial transactions, such as investments, loans and deposits. Example- insurance companies , and trust companies | 59 | |
| 4156418039 | Financial Instruments | Financial Instruments are tradable asset of any kind Example-cash, evidence of an ownership interest in an entity, or a contractual right to receive or deliver cash or another financial instrument. | 60 | |
| 4156418040 | Transnational business | transnational business is a commercial enterprise that operates substantial facilities,and business in more than one country and does not consider any particular country its home. Example-car companies | 61 | |
| 4156418041 | "Alternative visions of society" | Alternative Vision of Society is the ideas of other than capitalism to make the society run. Example:Utopian Socialism, Marxism, Anarchism | 62 | |
| 4156418042 | Preindustrial | Pre industrialization is the first stage of demographic transition. Example: medieval Europe | 63 | |
| 4156418043 | State-sponsored industrialization | State-Sponsored industrialization is the government or Country sponsoring industrialization instead of a someone outside the country example: Meiji reforms of Japan - railroads and factories in Tsarist Russia - China's self-strengthening movement | 64 | |
| 4156418044 | Middle class ("bourgeoisie") | The social group between the upper and lower class the middle class s called the working classes, and includes professional and business workers and their families Example-Average American family | 65 | |
| 4156418045 | Industrial working class("proletariat") | Industrial working class as Karl Marx defined is as the working class or proletariat as individuals who sell their labour power for wages and who do not own the means of production. He argued that they were responsible for creating the wealth of a society. Example: Factory Workers. | 66 | |
| 4156418046 | Imperialism | Imperialism is a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. Example: rule by and emperor | 67 | |
| 4156418047 | Nation-state | A Nation- Sate is a sovereign state whose citizens or subjects are relatively homogeneous in factors such as language or common descent example: Japan | 68 | |
| 4156418048 | Nationalism | Nationalism is the patriotic feeling, principles, or efforts of ones country. Example: Holocaust | 69 | |
| 4156418049 | Settler Colony | Settler colony is the form of colonial formation where foreign family move into a region and imperial power oversees the immigration of these settlers who consent, often only temporarily, to government by that authority. Example:The moving the Indians out of their land. | 70 | |
| 4156418050 | Communal identity | Communal identity is the identity that connects you to larger group. Example: Race, Age, hair color etc. | 71 | |
| 4156418051 | Suffrage | Suffrage is the right to vote in political elections. - Womens Suffarge | 72 | |
| 4156418052 | "image national communitites | Image National communities are an imagined political community Exanple- Book by Benedict Anderson | 73 | |
| 4156418053 | Millenarianism | Millenarianism is the doctrine of or belief in a future thousand-year age of blessedness, beginning with or culminating in the Second Coming of Christ. It is central to the teaching of groups such as Plymouth Brethren, Adventists, Mormons, and Jehovah's Witnesses. - The rising of Jesus Christ. | 74 | |
| 4156418054 | "emergent feminism" | Emergent Feminism in the 1900's was called for more women rights and expressions. Example:Suffrage. | 75 | |
| 4156418055 | Global migration | Global migration is a situation in which people go to live in foreign countries, especially in order to find work Example-Colonies | 76 | |
| 4156418056 | Convict labor | Convict labor is a system of penal labor practiced in the Southern United States, beginning with the emancipation of slaves at the end of the American Civil War in 1865 to about around 1880, and officially ending in the last state, Alabama, in 1928 Example-Australia | 77 | |
| 4156418057 | Global urbanization | Global Urbanization is the act or fact of urbanizing, or taking on the characteristics of a city in a different country Example-Colonies | 78 | |
| 4156418058 | Seasonal migrants | Seasonal Migrants who moving things like cattle and plant things according to the seasons - Planting a certain type of fruit depending on the season. | 79 | |
| 4156418059 | semi- coerced labor migration | When a person signs a contract they a forced to labor really long hours and sometimes not being paid just for survival needs. -Chines indentured Servants. | 80 | |
| 4156418060 | Ethnic enclaves | Ethnic Enclaves helped transplant their culture into new environment and facilitated the development of migrant support network. Example: Chinese in Southeast Asia. | 81 |
