Post World War II Cold War Hotpots and De-Colonization
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| 4190959131 | Kim Il Sung | Communist leader of North Korea; attack on South Korea (1950) started the Korean War. Remained in power until 1994. | 0 | |
| 4190959132 | Syngman Ree | ... | 1 | |
| 4190959133 | Ho Chi Minh | Communist leader of North Vietnam; together with Viet Minh/Viet Cong fought French and American forces (Vietnam, 1946-1973). Considered a nationalist by many, others viewed him as an agent of the Soviet Union and China. | 2 | |
| 4190959134 | Fulgencio Batista | He was a pro-American dictator of Cuba before Castro. His overthrow led to Castro and communists taking over Cuba, who became friendly to the Soviets. | 3 | |
| 4190959135 | Che Guevara | an Argentine revolutionary leader who was Fidel Castro's chief lieutenant in the Cuban revolution | 4 | |
| 4190959136 | Fidel Castro | Cuban revolutionary leader who overthrew the corrupt regime of the dictator Fulgencio Batista in 1959 (soon after established a Communist state.) He was prime minister of Cuba from 1959 to 1976 and has been president of the government and First Secretary of the Communist Party since 1976. | 5 | |
| 4190959137 | Nikita Kruschev | emerged as a leader in the Soviet Union after the death of dictator Josef Stalin. In 1956, he advocated reform and indirectly criticized Stalin and his methods. He became the Premier of the Soviet Union from 1958 to 1974. | 6 | |
| 4190959138 | Salvador Allende | President of Chile from 1970 to 1973, a member of the Socialist Party, he attempted to institute a number of democratic reforms in Chilean politics. He was overthrown and assassinated in 1973 during a military coup lead by General Augusto Pinochet. | 7 | |
| 4190959139 | Augusto Pinochet | He was the Chilean dictator who was responsible for instituting the reforms set out by the Chicago Boys. His leadership was backed by the US and was carried out through a coup against a democratically elected, leftist leader. At the behest of the advice given by the group, Pinochet forcefully transformed the Chilean economy into one of the freest market economies that the world had even seen. Pinochet made sure to employ the military to protect the Chicago Boys and ensure that no outside influence would taint their ideology. | 8 | |
| 4190959140 | Ram Mohan Roy | [NOT SURE OF...] PLEASE HELP AND CITE! (1772-1833); among most influential Indian elites forging a sense of Indian identity; prominent Bengali intellectual sometimes called "father of modern India"; wanted society based on modern European science & traditional Indian devotional Hinduism; supported some British colonial policies like ending practice of sati; worked w/ Christians to help improve status of women; saw himself as Hindu reformer inspired by Vedas & Upanishads who sought to bring Hindu spirituality to bear on problems & conditions of his time; published newspapers, founded societies to mobilize educated Hindus & advance cause of social reform in colonial India | 9 | |
| 4190959141 | Bar Gangadhar Tilak | ... | 10 | |
| 4190959142 | Mohandas Gandhi | Leader of the Indian independence movement and advocate of nonviolent resistance. After being educated as a lawyer in England, he returned to India and became leader of the Indian National Congress in 1920. | 11 | |
| 4190959143 | Jawaharlal Nehru | Indian statesman. He succeeded Mohandas K. Gandhi as leader of the Indian National Congress. He negotiated the end of British colonial rule in India and became India's first prime minister (1947-1964). | 12 | |
| 4190959144 | Muhammad Ali Jinnah | Indian Muslim politician who founded the state of Pakistan. Became a lawyer, joined the All-India Muslim League in 1913. As leader of the League from the 1920s-... , he negotiated with the British/INC for Muslim Political Rights | 13 | |
| 4190959145 | Indira Gandhi | [this one is EASY] | 14 | |
| 4190959146 | Rajiv Gandhi | Indira's son (Nehru's grandson). Was PM of India 1985-1989. Had some reform of economy and gov't but also faced rebellion and was assassinated by Tamil Tigers. ALSO was responsible for sending Indian troops for peace efforts in Sri Lanka. | 15 | |
| 4190959147 | Marcus Gravey | HELP CONDENSE (Race Issues) (1919) Black Jamaican who attracted a good deal of support from poor urban American blacks. Garvey wanted African-Americans to take pride in their African culture rather then trying to assimilate into white culture. • He formed the United Negro Improvement Association (UNIA). He urged blacks to return to Africa and create their own societies. • His influence declined after he was indicted on business fraud charges in the early 1920s, but the influence of black nationalism remained long after Garvey was gone. | 16 | |
| 4190959148 | Jomo Kenyatta | Kenya, skilled political organizers, leading spokesman for the kikuyu, supported nonviolent methods to end oppressive laws, imprisoned, then released as a national hero, became prime minister and then president. | 17 | |
| 4190959149 | Bernard Dadie | African poet/writer. Supported nationalism. | 18 | |
| 4190959150 | Frantz Fanon | Earliest significant theorist of black identity - Justifies black revolution vs. white society on basis of Existentialism and Marxism. | 19 | |
| 4190959151 | Julius Nyerere | President of Tanzania, advocated an African form of socialism. | 20 | |
| 4190959152 | Patrice Lumumba | First Prime Minister of the Congo, helped their independence from Belgium; NOT liked by U.S.A was later "disposed of"(imprisoned then murdered). | 21 | |
| 4190959153 | Joseph Mobutu | Seized power of Congo in 1965, renamed in Zaire. Maintained control through a combination of force, one-party rule and gifts to supporters. Successfully withstood several rebellions, yet was overthrown in 1998 by rebel leader Kabila. | 22 | |
| 4190959154 | Nelson Mandela | Born 1918. 11th President of South Africa. Spent 27 years in prison after conviction of charges while he helped spearhead the stuggle against apartheid. Received Nobel Peace Prize in 1993. | 23 | |
| 4190959155 | F.W. DeKlerk | President of South Africa, elected in 1989. Began to dismantle white-only rule and the official structures of the Apartheid. Shared Nobel Peace Prize with Nelson Mandela. | 24 | |
| 4190959156 | Desmond Tutu | [HELP]South African activist and Christian cleric who rose to worldwide fame as an opponent of apartheid. He was the first black South African Anglican Archbishop of Cape Town and primate of the Church of the Province of Southern Africa. He has also been active in defense of human rights and uses his high profile to campaign to fight AIDS, tuberculosis, homophobia, transphobia, poverty and racism. | 25 | |
| 4190959157 | Idi Amin | Took over Uganda and overthrew his ally. Started a 'reign of terror', and in 8 months murdered +300,000. Started war with Tanzania, only to be crushed by them, later fled to Libya. | 26 | |
| 4190959158 | Haile Selassie | Emperor of Ethiopia (1930-1974), symbol of African independence. Fought the Italian invasion in 1935 and regained his throne during World War II, when British forces expelled the Italians. He ruled Ethiopia as an autocrat. | 27 | |
| 4190959159 | Siad Barre | Brutal dictator of somalia, started off ogdan war with support of USSR and then gained suppot of USA after the cold war lost support | 28 |
