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AP World History: Ancient World Flashcards

First set of words in the AP World History book by the Princeton Review.

Terms : Hide Images
5755610777AgricultureThe deliberate effort to modify a portion of Earth's surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for sustenance or economic gain.0
5755610779Bands/ Clansextended family groups that generally lived together1
5755610780Barbarianwithout civilizing influences2
5755610781Bureaucracysystem of managing government through departments run by appointed officials (not elected)3
5755610782Civilizationa society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)4
5755610783City-Statesdifferent sections of land owned by the same country but ruled by different rulers (e.g. Greece)5
5755610786Economysystem by which goods and services are produced and distributed to meet people's needs6
5755610788Emperorsupreme ruler of an empire7
5755610789Empiremany territories, countries, or peoples controlled by one government (also just any territory ruled by an emperor)8
5755610790Feudalisma political system and a social system where by a powerful lord would offer "protection" in return for "service"9
5755610792Hierarchya series of ordered groupings of people or things within a system10
5755610796Monarchya government in which power is in the hands of a single person who usually inherits their power11
5755610797Monotheismbelief in a single God12
5755610798NeolithicThe New Stone Age from circa 8500 to 4500 BCE: The period of the Stone Age associated with the ancient Agricultural Revolution(s)13
5755610799Nomadic(of groups of people) tending to travel and change settlements frequently14
5755610801PaleolithicThe Old Stone Age from circa 750,00 to 500,000 years BCE to 8,500 years BCE: The period of the Stone Age associated with the evolution of humans and the development of minor tools15
5755610802Philosophythe rational investigation of questions about existence, knowledge, and ethics16
5755610803Polytheismbelief in multiple Gods17
5755610810Theocracygovernment run by religious leaders18
5755610812Urbanizationthe social process whereby cities grow and societies become more urban19
5755610813Vassalslesser lords who pledged their service and loyalty to a greater lord -- in a military capacity20
5755610814Alexander the Greatking of Macedon, conqueror of Greece, Egypt, and Persia; founder of Alexandria (356-323 BC)21
5755610816Bronze Agea period between the Stone and Iron ages, characterized by the manufacture and use of bronze tools and weapons22
5755610818Code of Hammurabithe set of laws drawn up by Babylonian king Hammurabi dating to the 18th century BC, the earliest legal code known in its entirety23
5755610819CuneiformOne of the first written languages known: A system of writing in which wedge-shaped symbols represented words or syllables. It originated in Mesopotamia and was used initially for Sumerian and Akkadian but later was adapted to represent other languages of western Asia.24
5755610820Democracya political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them25
5755610821Eight Fold PathEight steps to end suffering and attain enlightenment according to Buddhist tradition.26
5755610822Four Noble Truthsas taught by the Buddha, the four basic beliefs that form the foundation of Buddhism27
5755610824Great Walla fortification 1,500 miles long built across northern China in the 3rd century BC28
5755610825Han Dynastyimperial dynasty that ruled China (most of the time from 206 BC to AD 220) and expanded its boundaries and developed its bureaucracy29
5755610826HellenismThe ideals and principles that spread from Greece through much of the ancient world. Much of its influence such as philosophy, athletics, and architecture penetrated the Middle East.30
5755610827The HunsFierce warriors from Central Asia- First invaded southeastern Europe and then launched raids on nearby kingdoms31
5755610828Indian Ocean Tradeconnected to Europe, Africa, and China.; worlds richest maritime trading network and an area of rapid Muslim expansion.32
5755610829Iron Agethe period following the Bronze Age; characterized by rapid spread of iron tools and weapons33
5755610831LegalismIn Chinese history, Legalism was one of the main philosophic currents during the Warring States Period- A philosophy of focusing on the text of written law to the exclusion of the intent of law, elevating strict adherence to law over justice, mercy and common sense34
5755610836Shang CivilizationChina's first dynasty almost 2000 BCE35
5755610837Shi Huang Diharsh ruler who united China for the first time and used legalism in ruling (Qin China)36
5755610838Siddhartha Gautamafounder of Buddhism; born a prince; left his father's wealth to find the cause of human suffering; also know as Buddha37
5755610839Silk Road TradeThe most famous of the trading routes established by pastoral nomads connecting the Chinese, Indian, Persian, and Mediterranean civilizations; transmitted goods and ideas among civilization.38
5755610840The Torahthe most sacred text of Judaism39
5755610842Zigguratsa temple or tomb of the ancient Assyrians, Sumerians, or Babylonians, having the form of a terraced pyramid of successively receding stories40
5755610843ChristianityMonotheistic religion born out of Judaism, preached by Jesus of Nazareth and later codified by his disciples. Persecuted by Romans early on; however, gained support under Constantine in the Rome.41
5755610844Buddhismoriginally preached by Siddhartha and codified by his disciples into the sutras. Rejected Vedic rituals and the caste system. Spread throughout SE Asia and China and split into Mahayana(Buddha as a God, local gods tacked on as Bodhisativas) and Theravada(original, strict non-theistic version).42
5755610846HinduismTerm for a wide variety of beliefs and ritual practices that have developed in the Indian subcontinent since antiquity. It has roots in ancient Vedic, Buddhist, and south Indian religious concepts and practices.43
5755610849Sumerianspeople who dominated Southern Mesopotamia through the end of the 3rd Millennium BCE. Responsible for the creation of irrigation technology, cuneiform, and religious conceptions.44
5755610852caste systema set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person's occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society, there was virtually no social mobility45
5755610856DaoismChinese religion that believes the world is always changing and is devoid of absolute morality or meaning. They accept the world as they find it, avoid futile struggles, and deviate as little as possible from 'the way' or 'path' of nature.46
5755610857Bureaucratgovernment official47

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