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AP Language Terms Flashcards

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2724282398Allegorya story, poem, or picture that can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, typically a moral or political one0
2724282669Alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.1
2724282670Allusionan expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference.2
2724283150Anaphorathe repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses.3
2724283151Antithesisa rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect. "a small step for a man but a giant step for mankind"4
2724283382Aphorisma statement of truth or opinion expressed in a concise and witty manner. The term is often applied to philosophical, moral and literary principles.5
2724283579Apostrophean arrangement of words addressing a non-existent person or an abstract idea in such a way as if it were present and capable of understanding feelings.6
2724283580Assonancein poetry, the repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in nonrhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible7
2724283916Asyndetona practice in literature whereby the author purposely leaves out conjunctions in the sentence, while maintaining the grammatical accuracy of the phrase.8
2724284247Attituderevealed through diction, figurative language, and organization9
2724379901Begging the questiona type of circular reasoning. This is an informal fallacy where someone includes the conclusion they are attempting to prove in the initial premise of their argument—often in an indirect way that conceals it. "The belief in God is universal. After all, everyone believes in God."10
2724380071Canonthe entire body of literature traditionally thought to be suitable for admiration and study.11
2724380072Chiasmusa reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases, as in "He went to the country, to the town went she.".12
2724380073ClaimA statement essentially arguable but used as a primary point to support or prove an argument13
2724380268Colloquial(of language) used in ordinary or familiar conversation; not formal or literary; slang14
2724380269Compare and contrastpertaining to a written exercise about the similarities and differences between two or more people, places, or things15
2724380515Conceita figure of speech in which two vastly different objects are likened together with the help of similes or metaphors.16
2724380516Connotationan idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning.17
2724380849Consonancethe recurrence of similar sounds, especially consonants, in close proximity (chiefly as used in prosody).18
2724380850Conventiona practice or device which is accepted as a necessary, useful, or given feature of a genre19
2724381045Critiquean article or essay criticizing a literary or other work; detailed evaluation; review.20
2724381750Deductive reasoningthe process of reasoning from one or more statements (premises) to reach a logically certain conclusion. "Since all humans are mortal, and I am a human, then I am mortal"21
2724381751DialectA regional or social variety of a language distinguished by pronunciation, grammar, or vocabulary, especially a variety of speech differing from the standard literary language or speech pattern of the culture in which it exists22
2724381752Dictionthe choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.23
2724382503Didacticworks often have morals to impart or are written to teach us something about religion, philosophy, history, or politics24
2724599687Elegya form of literature which can be defined as a poem or song in the form of elegiac couplets, written in honor of someone deceased. It typically laments or mourns the death of the individual.25
2724599688Epistrophestylistic device that can be defined as the repetition of phrases or words at the end of the clauses or sentences. Used in persuasive writing and speeches.26
2724599824Epitaphan inscription written on a grave. Generally, it is a brief composition, having figurative sense in a verse or in prose form, written to pay tribute to a deceased person, or to remember a past event.27
2724599825EthosIn rhetoric, it represents credibility or an ethical appeal which involves persuasion by the character involved.28
2724599826Eulogya speech or writing in praise of a person(s) or thing(s), especially one who recently died or retired or as a term of endearment.29
2724600188Euphemismthe use of indirect and polite expressions to replace impolite and harsh words and phrases.30
2724600189Expositiona literary device used to introduce background information about events, settings, characters etc. to the audience or readers.31
2724600303Extended metaphora metaphor that an author develops over the course of many lines or even an entire work of literature.32
2724606492Figurative languagelanguage in which figures of speech are used to make it effective, persuasive and impactful.33
2724606587Flashbacka transition in a story to an earlier time, that interrupts the normal chronological order of events.34
2724606588Genrethe type of art, literature or music characterized by a specific form, content and style.35
2724606684Homilya sermon or speech that a religious person or priest delivers before a group of people to offer them moral correction.36
2724606685Hyperboleexaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.37
2724606993Imageryto use figurative language to represent objects, actions and ideas in such a way that it appeals to our physical senses.38
2724607134Inductive reasoninga writer collects a number of instances and forms a generalization that is meant to apply to all instances.39
2724607135Inferencea literary device used commonly in literature and in daily life where logical deductions are made based on premises assumed to be true.40
2724607380Ironya figure of speech in which words are used in such a way that their intended meaning is different from the actual meaning of the words.41
2724607832Isocolona rhetorical device that involves a succession of sentences, phrases and clauses of grammatically equal length; the repetition of similar grammatical forms.42
2724640222Jargona use of specific phrases and words by writers in a particular situation, profession or trade. These specialized terms are used to convey hidden meanings accepted and understood in that field.43
2724640379Juxtapositiona literary technique in which two or more ideas, places, characters and their actions are placed side by side in a narrative or a poem for the purpose of developing comparisons and contrasts.44
2724640380Litotea figure of speech which employs an understatement by using double negatives or, in other words, positive statement is expressed by negating its opposite expressions. "not too bad" for "very good"45
2724640810Loose sentenceA sentence structure in which a main clause is followed by one or more coordinate or subordinate phrases and clauses. "I went to the movies yesterday, bought candy, and shopped at the mall."46
2724640811Metaphora figure of speech that identifies something as being the same as some unrelated thing for rhetorical effect, thus highlighting the similarities between the two.47
2724641007Metonymya figure of speech that replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated. "crown" for "king" or "queen"48
2724686743Mode of discourseIn composition studies, the four traditional categories of written texts: narration, description, exposition, and argument.49
2724709025Mooda literary element that evokes certain feelings or vibes in readers through words and descriptions.50
2724709026Narrativea report of related events presented to the listeners or readers in words arranged in a logical sequence; a story51
2724709157Onomatopoeiathe formation of a word from a sound associated with what is named52
2724709158Oxymorona figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction53
2724709305Paradoxa statement that appears to be self-contradictory or silly but may include a latent truth. It is also used to illustrate an opinion or statement contrary to accepted traditional ideas. "I can resist anything but temptation."54
2724709431Parallel structurethe use of components in a sentence that are grammatically the same; or similar in their construction, sound, meaning or meter."Alice ran into the room, into the garden, and into our hearts."55
2724709432Pathosan appeal to emotion, and is a way of convincing an audience of an argument by creating an emotional response.56
2724709863Periodic sentenceA long and frequently involved sentence, marked by suspended syntax, in which the sense is not completed until the final word--usually with an emphatic climax. "To believe your own thought, to believe that what is true for you in your private heart is true for all men, that is genius."57
2724709864Personificationthe attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.58
2724709965Point of viewthe angle of considering things, which shows us the opinion, or feelings of the individuals involved in a situation.59
2724709966ProseProse is a form of language that has no formal metrical structure. It applies a natural flow of speech, and ordinary grammatical structure60
2724730077Realisma style of art or literature that shows or describes people and things as they are in real life61
2724730354RebuttalIn an argument or debate, the presentation of evidence and reasoning meant to weaken or undermine an opponent's claim.62
2724730355Rhetorica technique of using language effectively and persuasively in spoken or written form. It is an art of discourse, which studies and employs various methods to convince, influence or please an audience.63
2724730471Rhetorical questionasked just for effect or to lay emphasis on some point discussed when no real answer is expected.64
2724730472Sarcasmthe literal meaning is different than what the speaker intends to say; meant to mock with satirical or ironic remarks65
2724730473Satirea technique employed by writers to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or a society by using humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule.66
2724730573Stylethe way a writer writes and it is the technique which an individual author uses in his writing. depends upon one's syntax, word choice, and tone67
2724730574Symbolismthe use of symbols to signify ideas and qualities by giving them symbolic meanings that are different from their literal sense.68
2724730797Synecdochea literary device in which a part of something represents the whole or it may use a whole to represent a part. calling a car "wheels"69
2724730998Syntaxa set of rules in a language. It dictates how words from different parts of speech are put together in order to convey a complete thought.70
2724742067Themea main idea or an underlying meaning of a literary work that may be stated directly or indirectly.71
2724742068Tonean attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience. Tone is generally conveyed through the choice of words or the viewpoint of a writer on a particular subject.72
2724742069Voicean author's individual writing style or point of view.73
2724742179Zeugmaa figure of speech in which a word, usually a verb or an adjective, applies to more than one noun, blending together grammatically and logically different ideas. "John lost his coat and his temper"74

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