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AP Language and Composition Terms Flashcards

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3426209427ApostropheA figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction0
3426209428AntecedentThe word, phrase, or clause, referred to by a pronoun1
3426209429OxymoronFigure of speech wherein the author groups apparently contradictory terms to suggest a paradox2
3426209430DidacticLiterally means "teaching"3
3426209431MoodThe prevailing atmosphere or emotional aura of a work4
3426209432Extended MetaphorA metaphor developed to great length, occurring frequently in or through out a work5
3426209433ImageryThe sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions6
3426209434PolysyndetonThe use of several conjunctions in close succession, especially where some might be omitted7
3426209435ColloquialThe use of slang or in-formalities in speech or writing8
3426209436Generic conventionsThis term describes traditions in each genre9
3426209437MetonymyA figure of speech in which the name of one object is substituted for that of another closely associated with it.10
3426209438AlliterationThe repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words11
3426209439HomilyLiterally means "sermon," but more informally, it can include any serious talk , speech or lecture with it12
3426209440Figurative LanguageWriting or Speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid.13
3426209441ParallelismRefers to the grammatical or rhetorical framing of words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs to give structural similarity.14
3426209442IronyThe contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant or the difference between what appears to be and what is actually true.15
3426209443AllegoryThe device of using character and?or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning16
3426209444ConceitA fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or a surprisingly analogy seemingly dissimilar objects17
3426209445InvectiveAn emotionally violent, verbal enunciation or attack using strong abusive language18
3426209446DenotationThe strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word, devoid of any emotion, attitude or color.19
3426209447Figure of SpeechA device used to produce figurative language20
3426209448IsocolonA succession of clauses of approximately equal length and corresponding structure21
3426209449DictionRefers to the writer's choice22
3426209450AnalogyA similarity or comparison between two different things or the relationship between them23
3426209451Verbal ironyIntended meaning of a statement differs from the meaning that words appear to express24
3426209452Situational IronyInvolves an incongruity between what is expected ot intended and what actually occurs25
3426209453AmbiguityThe multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage.26
3426209454EuphorismFrom the Greek word for "good speech," a more agreeable or less offensive substitute for a generally unpleasant word or concept27
3426209455ClauseContains subject and verb28
3426209456ParadoxA statement that appears to be self-contradictory or opposed to common sense but upon closer inspection contains some degree of truth or validity.29
3426209457AphorismTerse statement of known authorship which expresses a general truth or moral principal30
3426209458ConnotationThe non-literal associative meaning of a word; the implies, suggested meaning31
3426209459HyperboleA figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement32
3426209460Dramatic IronyThe audience knows more about present or future circumstances than a character in the story33
3426209461GenreThe major category into which a literary work fits34
3426209462AllusionA direct or indirect reference something which is presumably commonly known35
3426209463AsyndetonLack of conjunction36
3426209464AnaphoraThe exact repetition of words or phrases at the beginning of successive lines or sentences37
3426209465OnomatopoeiaA figure of speech in which natural sounds are imitated in the sounds of words38
3426209466SarcasmInvolves bitter, caustic language that is mean to hurt or ridicule someone or something39
3426209467Point of ViewIn literature, the perspective from which a story is told40
3426209468ProseOne of the major divisions of genre, prose refers to function and non-fiction, including all its forms. In prose the printer determines the length of the line; in poetry, the poet determines the length of the line.41
3426209469RhetoricFrom the Greek word for "orator," this term describes the principals governing the art of writing effectively, eloquently, and persuasively42
3426209470EpistropheThe opposite of anaphora, repetition at the end of successive clauses.43
3426209471SatireA work that targets human vices and follies or social institutions and conventions for reform or ridicule. Is though provoking and insightful about the human conditions44
3426209472SemanticsThe branch of linguistics that studies the meaning of words, their historical and psychological development, their connotations, and their relation to one another.45
3426209473SyllogismFrom the Greek word for "reckoning together," a syllogism is a deductive system of formal logic that presents two premises (the first one called "major: and the second "minor:) that inevitably lead to a sound conclusion46
3426209474TropeAn artful variation form expected modes of expression of though and ideas, use of the word in a sense other that its proper or literal one.47
3426209475UnderstatementThe ironic minimizing of fact, presents something as less significant than it is.48
3426209476Antithesisthe opposition or contrast ideas; the direct opposite49
3426209477CaricatureA verbal description, the purpose of which is to exaggerate or distort, for comic effect, a person's distinctive physical features or other characteristics50
3426209478LitoteA form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite. Litote is the opposite of Hyperbole51
3426209479SynecdocheA figure of speech in which a part of something is used to represent the whole or, occasionally, the whole is used to represent a part.52
3426209480SynesthesiaWhen one kind of sensory stimulus evokes the subjective experience of another.53
3426209481WitIn modern usage, intellectually amusing language that surprises and delights. A witty statement is humorous, while suggesting the speaker's verbal power in creating ingenious and perceptive remarks54
3426209482PunA play on words that often has a comic effect. Associated with wit and cleverness. The multiple meanings , either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence or passage.55
3426209483BathosInsincere or overly sentimental quality of writing/speech intended to invoke pity56
3426209484ChiasmusA statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed.57
3426209485EpithetA term used to point out a characteristic of a person. Can be abusive, or offensive, but are not so by definition.58
3426209486ZeugmaThe use of a word to modify or govern two or more words when it is appropriate to only one of them or is appropriate to each but in a different way.59

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