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AP Literature Terms Flashcards

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6255119131Alliterationrepetition of the same or similar consonant sounds in words that are close together.0
6255121367Allusionreference to someone or something that is known from history, literature, religion, politics, sports, science, or another branch of culture.1
6255126618Ambiguitydeliberately suggesting two or more different, and sometimes conflicting, meanings in a work. An event or situation that may be interpreted in more than one way.2
6255133520AnalogyComparison made between two things to show how they are alike3
6255138574AnastropheInversion of the usual, normal, or logical order of the parts of a sentence. Purpose is rhythm or emphasis or euphony. It is a fancy word for inversion.4
6255142807AnecdoteBrief story, told to illustrate a point or serve as an example of something, often shows character of an individual5
6255148765AntithesisBalancing words, phrases, or ideas that are strongly contrasted, often by means of grammatical structure.6
6255152829Aphorismbrief, cleverly worded statement that makes a wise observation about life, or of a principle or accepted general truth7
6255154859Apostrophecalling out to an imaginary, dead, or absent person, or to a place or thing, or a personified abstract idea. If the character is asking a god or goddess for inspiration it is called an invocation8
6255160524Assonancethe repetition of similar vowel sounds followed by different consonant sounds especially in words that are together.9
6255167428Characterizationthe process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character10
6255174216Indirect Characterizationthe author reveals to the reader what the character is like by describing how the character looks and dresses, by letting the reader hear what the character says, by revealing the character's private thoughts and feelings, by revealing the character's effect on other people (showing how other characters feel or behave toward the character), or by showing the character in action.11
6255178523Direct Characterizationthe author tells us directly what the character is like: sneaky, generous, mean to pets and so on. Romantic style literature relied more heavily on this form.12
6255181305Protagonistthe central character in a story, the one who initiates or drives the action.13
6255186851Hamartiatragic flaw in a character which will lead to their downfall.14
6255193545Antagonistopponent who struggles against or blocks the hero, or protagonist, in a story.15
6255197727AntiheroCentral character who lacks all the qualities traditionally associated with heroes. may lack courage, grace, intelligence, or moral scruples.16
6255200570FoilA character who acts as contrast to another character. Often a funny sidekick to the dashing hero, or a villain contrasting the hero.17
6255203523Static Charactera character who does not change much in the course of a story.18
6255209124Dynamic Charactera character who changes in some important way as a result of the story's action.19
6255217179Flat Charactera character that has only one or two personality traits. They are one dimensional, like a piece of cardboard. They can be summed up in one phrase.20
6255219896Round Charactera character that has more dimensions to their personalities---they are complex, just a real people are.21
6255224566Clicheis a word or phrase, often a figure of speech, that has become lifeless because of overuse.22
6255228915Colloquialisma word or phrase in everyday use in conversation and informal writing but is inappropriate for formal situations.23
6255232331Conflictthe struggle between opposing forces or characters in a story.24
6255236891External Conflictconflicts that exist between two people, between a person and nature or a machine or between a person a whole societ25
6255242005Internal Conflicta conflict involving opposing forces within a person's mind.26
6255244160Connotationthe associations and emotional overtones that have become attached to a word or phrase, in addition to its strict dictionary definition.27
6255246519Dictiona speaker or writer's choice of words.28
6255251542Epigrapha quotation or aphorism at the beginning of a literary work suggestive of the theme.29
6255458330Explicationact of interpreting or discovering the meaning of a text, usually involves close reading and special attention to figurative language.30
6255460829Farcea type of comedy in which ridiculous and often stereotyped characters are involved in silly, far-fetched situations.31
6255463800Figurative LanguageWords which are inaccurate if interpreted literally, but are used to describe. Similes and metaphors are common forms.32
6255466950Flashbacka scene that interrupts the normal chronological sequence of events in a story to depict something that happened at an earlier time.33
6255469787Foreshadowingthe use of hints and clues to suggest what will happen later in a plot. GENRE34
6255471827Allegorystory or poem in which characters, settings, and events stand for other people or events or for abstract ideas or qualities. i.e. Animal Farm35
6255475739Comedyin general, a story that ends with a happy resolution of the conflicts faced by the main character or characters.36
6255478033Parablea relatively short story that teaches a moral, or lesson about how to lead a good life.37
6255480174Parodya work that makes fun of another work by imitating some aspect of the writer's style.38
6255482030Romancein general, a story in which an idealized hero or heroine undertakes a quest and is successful.39
6255483868Satirea type of writing that ridicules the shortcomings of people or institutions in an attempt to bring about a change.40
6255485859Tall Talean outrageously exaggerated, humorous story that is obviously unbelievable41
6255488211Tragedyin general, a story in which a heroic character either dies or comes to some other unhappy end.42
6255490138Fablea very short story told in prose or poetry that teaches a practical lesson about how to succeed in life.43
6255493543Hyperbolea figure of speech that uses an incredible exaggeration or overstatement, for effect. "If I told you once, I've told you a million times...."44
6255493544Imagerythe use of language to evoke a picture or a concrete sensation of a person , a thing, a place, or an experience.45
6255498116Ironya discrepancy between appearances and reality.46
6255498136Verbal Ironyoccurs when someone says one thing but really means something else.47
6255500572Situational Ironytakes place when there is a discrepancy between what is expected to happen, or what would be appropriate to happen, and what really does happen.48
6255503049Dramatic Ironyis so called because it is often used on stage. A character in the play or story thinks one thing is true, but the audience or reader knows better.49
6255510436Juxtapositionpoetic and rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another, creating an effect of surprise and wit.50
6255514486Metaphora figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things without the use of such specific words of comparison as like, as, than, or resembles.51
6255540804Implied Metaphordoes not state explicitly the two terms of the comparison.52
6255547023Extended Metaphoris a metaphor that is extended or developed as far as the writer wants to take it.53
6255550791Dead Metaphoris a metaphor that has been used so often that the comparison is no longer vivid: "The head of the house", "the seat of the government", "a knotty problem"54
6255553092Mixed Metaphoris a metaphor that has gotten out of control and mixes its terms so that they are visually or imaginatively incompatible. "The President is a lame duck who is running out of gas."55
6255558370MoodAn atmosphere created by a writer's diction and the details selected.56
6255560387Motifa recurring image, word, phrase, action, idea, object, or situation used throughout a work (or in several works by one author), unifying the work by tying the current situation to previous ones, or new ideas to the theme.57
6255562964Motivationthe reasons for a character's behavior.58
6255566686Onomatopoeiathe use of words whose sounds echo their sense. "Pop." "Zap."59
6255569417Oxymorona figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase. "Jumbo shrimp." "Pretty ugly." "Bitter-sweet"60
6255572912Paradoxa statement that appears self-contradictory, but that reveals a kind of truth.61
6255575688Personificationa figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes.62
6255579234Plotthe series of related events in a story or play, sometimes called the storyline.63
6255579235Expositionintroduces characters, situation, and setting64
6255581907Rising Actioncomplications in conflict and situations (may introduce new ones as well)65
6255583981Climaxthat point in a plot that creates the greatest intensity, suspense, or interest. Also called "turning point"66
6255586022Resolutionthe conclusion of a story, when all or most of the conflicts have been settled; often called the denouement.67
6255592947Point of Viewthe vantage point from which the writer tells the story.68
6255595573First Person POVone of the characters tells the story.69
6255607256Third Person POVan unknown narrator, tells the story, but this narrator zooms in to focus on the thoughts and feelings of only one character.70
6255610942Omniscient POVall knowing narrator tells the story, also using the third person pronouns. This narrator, instead of focusing on one character only, often tells us everything about many characters.71
6255615219Objective POVa narrator who is totally impersonal and objective tells the story, with no comment on any characters or events.72
6255616808Puna "play on words" based on the multiple meanings of a single word or on words that sound alike but mean different things73
6255619077Rhythma rise and fall of the voice produced by the alternation of stressed and unstressed syllables in language.74
6255622352RhetoricArt of effective communication, especially persuasive discourse.75
6255624566Rhetorical Questiona question asked for an effect, and not actually requiring an answer.76
6255626293Similea figure of speech that makes an explicitly comparison between two unlike things, using words such as like, as , than, or resembles.77
6255633547Soliloquya long speech made by a character in a play while no other characters are on stage.78
6255633548Stereotypea fixed idea or conception of a character or an idea which does not allow for any individuality, often based on religious, social, or racial prejudices.79
6255636186Stream of Consciousnessa style of writing that portrays the inner (often chaotic) workings of a character's mind.80
6255639140Stylethe distinctive way in which a writer uses language: a writer's distinctive use of diction, tone, and syntax.81
6255641023Symbola person, place, thing, or event that has meaning in itself and that also stands for something more than itself.82
6255645085Suspensea feeling of uncertainty and curiosity about what will happen next in a story.83
6255648707Themethe insight about human life that is revealed in a literary work.84
6255651007Tonethe attitude a writer takes toward the subject of a work, the characters in it, or the audience, revealed through diction, figurative language, and organization.85
6255653821UnityUnified parts of the writing are related to one central idea or organizing principle.86
6255656101Vernacularthe language spoken by the people who live in a particular locality.87

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