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| 5854621704 | Ottoman Empire | was an empire founded at the end of the thirteenth century in northwestern Anatolia. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the 1453 conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed the Conqueror | 0 | |
| 5854621705 | Osman Bey | was the leader of the Ottoman Turks and the founder of the Ottoman dynasty. He and the dynasty bearing his name later established and ruled the nascent Ottoman Empire. | 1 | |
| 5854621706 | Janissaries | They began as an elite corps of slaves made up of conscripted young Christian boys, and became famed for internal cohesion cemented by strict discipline and order. Unlike regular slaves they were Unlikethey were paid regular salaries. Forbidden to marry or engage in trade, their complete loyalty to the Sultan was expected. | 2 | |
| 5854621707 | Selim 1 | Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1512 to 1520.[3] His reign is notable for the enormous expansion of the Empire, particularly his conquest between 1516 and 1517 of the entire Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt, | 3 | |
| 5854621708 | Sulieman the magnificent | was the tenth and longest-reigning sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to his death in 1566.[4] Under his administration, the Ottoman state ruled over 15 to 25 million people. | 4 | |
| 5854621709 | Istanbul | it served as an imperial capital for almost 16 centuries, during the Roman and Byzantine (330-1204 and 1261-1453), the Latin (1204-1261), and the Ottoman (1453-1922) empires.[10] It was instrumental in the advancement of Christianity during Roman and Byzantine times, before the Ottomans conquered the city in 1453 and transformed it into an Islamic stronghold and the seat of the Ottoman Caliphate | 5 | |
| 5854621710 | Devshirme | system began in the late 14th century. Christian boys were recruited by force to serve the Ottoman government. The boys were generally taken from the Balkan provinces, converted to Islam, and then passed through a series of examinations to determine their intelligence and capabilities. | 6 | |
| 5854621711 | Safavid empire w | The Safavids ruled from 1501 to 1722 (experiencing a brief restoration from 1729 to 1736) and, at their height, they controlled all of modern Iran | 7 | |
| 5854621712 | Mughal empire | was an empire in the Indian subcontinent, established and ruled by a Muslim dynasty of Chagatai Turco-Mongol origin from Central Asia.[9][10][11] The dynasty, though ethnically Turco-Mongol, was Persianate in terms of culture | 8 | |
| 5854669439 | Babur | was a conqueror from Central Asia who, following a series of setbacks, finally succeeded in laying the basis for the Mughal dynasty in the Indian subcontinent and became the first Mughal emperor. | 9 | |
| 5854669440 | Akbar | Mughal Emperor from 1556 until his death. He was the third and one of the greatest rulers of the Mughal Dynasty in India. | 10 | |
| 5854669441 | Jizya | Is a per capita yearly tax historically levied by Islamic states on certain non-Muslim subjects—dhimmis—permanently residing in Muslim lands under Islamic law | 11 | |
| 5854669442 | Sikhism | a monotheistic religion founded in Punjab in the 15th century by Guru Nanak. | 12 | |
| 5854669443 | Shah jahan | 5th Mughal emperor of India from 1628 to 1658. Like his grandfather he was eager to expand. | 13 | |
| 5854669444 | Taj Mahal | is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the Yamuna river in the Indian city of Agra. It was commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan (reigned 1628-1658), to house the tomb of his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal. | 14 | |
| 5854669445 | Aurangzeb | was the sixth, and widely considered the last effective Mughal Emperor. He ruled over most of the Indian subcontinent during some parts of his reign, which lasted for 49 years from 1658 until his death in 1707. | 15 | |
| 5854669446 | Songhai empire | Initiallly it was ruled by the Sonni dynasty (c. 1464-1493), but it was later replaced by the Askiya dynasty (1493-1591). | 16 | |
| 5854669447 | Sunni Ali | He reigned from 1464- 1492. Under Sunni Ali's infantry and cavalry many cities were captured and then fortified, such as Timbuktu | 17 | |
| 5854669448 | Timbuktu | Timbuktu flourished from the trade in salt, gold, ivory and slaves. It became part of the Mali Empire early in the 14th century | 18 | |
| 5854669449 | Kongo | was an African kingdom located in west central Africa | 19 | |
| 5854669450 | King Afonso 1 | by the Moors whom he fought, was the first King of Portugal. He achieved the independence of the southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia, the County of Portugal, from Galicia's overlord, the King of León | 20 | |
| 5854669451 | Angola | Independence was achieved in 1975 under communist rule backed by the Soviet Union after the protracted liberation war. | 21 | |
| 5854669452 | Queen nzinga | was a 17th-century queen (muchino a muhatu) of the Ndongo and Matamba Kingdoms of the Mbundu people in Angola. She came to power as an ambassador after demonstrating a proclivity to tactfully diffuse foreign crisis, as she regained control of the Portuguese fortress of Ambaca. Since she was the sister of king ngola, she already had some political influence. | 22 |
