3358530482 | Mohenjo-Daro | Indus valley civilization, political capital, city walls, fortified citadel. Represented a considerable investment in human labor. Had a great amount of standardization. Known for sanitation and being an industrial city. | ![]() | 0 |
3358539315 | Harappa | Indus valley civilization, political capital, city walls, fortified citadel. Represented a considerable investment in human labor. Had a great amount of standardization. It had a reveresed delta (dangerous). The Harappa civilization collapsed in 2000- 1900 B.C.E. and it was found underneath silt. | ![]() | 1 |
3358547633 | Hindu Kush | Mountains to the north of punjab, sind, and kashmir. Located to the North West of Himalayan mountains. | 2 | |
3358555322 | Khyber Pass | Goes through the Hindu Kush mountains and connected modern day Afghanistan with Pakistan. High-way for invasion. Aryan's migrated through here. | ![]() | 3 |
3358562357 | Locked Dikes | Means of getting water to high ground, and helped create ritual cleanliness | 4 | |
3358568843 | Punjab | An area within the Harappan society. South of Kashmir and North of Sind. Near/in Rain Shadow and had terrace farming. | ![]() | 5 |
3358584708 | Indus | Major river in the Harappan Society. Mohenjo-daro right on the river | ![]() | 6 |
3358588681 | Ganges | More stable than the Indus, rice was cultivated here, and they established agricultural communities in the valley. Aryans invaded Ganges. | ![]() | 7 |
3358606924 | Manu and the Flood | When Manu was washing his hands one morning, a small fish came into his hands along the water. The fish begged protection from Manu saying 'Rear me. I will save thee.' The reason stated was that was that the small fish didn't want to be devoured by the larger ones, it required protection till it grew up. One day the fish forewarned Manu of a forthcoming flood, and advised him to prepare a ship and enter into it when the flood came. Manu was an Aryan Hero, created humanity, said men were superior to women. Manu and the flood were the first embodiment in Hinduism. | 8 | |
3358606925 | Dravidians | They were the original Indus people - dark skin and short. They joined the Aryans because they couldn't beat them. In the caste system, they were kept as "have nots." | 9 | |
3358608766 | Aryans | Migrated through the Khyber Pass and were a horse culture. | 10 | |
3358608767 | Sansrkit | Language of literature and government. It was mostly written, rather than spoken. | 11 | |
3358610676 | Rig Veda | Earliest Aryan writings (Sanskrit) It was a guide book with sacrifices, rituals, and prayers on how to be a Hindu priest. | 12 | |
3358610677 | Agni | God of fire, was replaced by a bright god. | 13 | |
3358612542 | Purusha | Blue avatar with drawings in the body. The throat represented death. Incarnation of Vishnu. Castes were separated and developed by him. (Basis of caste system) | 14 | |
3358615025 | Indra | God of war, and is said to have helped bring rain to the Aryans, replaced by Vishnu | 15 | |
3358732587 | Ramayana | Guide for men and women to live a Hindu existence. He came up with the 3 fold path. | 16 | |
3358732588 | Mahabarata | The story of Argun and Krishna that God can be embodied. The body can be anything. | 17 | |
3358734911 | Aswamedha | Horse sacrifice | 18 | |
3358783669 | Jati | A sub-caste, tied to occupational groups | 19 | |
3358783670 | Brahman | The universal soul. Upanishads taught that appearances are deceiving and that individual human beings in fact fact are not separate creatures. Each person participates in a larger cosmic order and forms a small art of a universal soul called Brahman.. Brahman is eternal, unchanging, and permanent foundation for all things that exist. | 20 | |
3358786822 | Kshatriya | warriors and aristocrats | 21 | |
3358788467 | Vaishya | cultivators and artisans | 22 | |
3358789766 | Shudras | landless peasants and serfs | 23 | |
3358789767 | Chandaal | The untouchables who did the dirty deeds within the cities, for example handling dead bodies | 24 | |
3358791926 | Shortugai | A place where people traded | 25 | |
3358794447 | Cotton | A material cultivated in India | 26 | |
3358794448 | Heddle | The weaving process in creating cloth | 27 | |
3358794449 | Shuttle | A part that moved the thread when creating cloth | 28 | |
3358796331 | Industry | Derives from the word Indus | 29 | |
3358798474 | Textiles | Culitivation of cotton into cloth | 30 | |
3358798475 | Mumbai | 31 | ||
3358802153 | Karachi | A place where Alexander The Great stayed after campaigning the Indus valley | 32 | |
3358842074 | Kashmir | Hindu- high holy spot | 33 | |
3358842075 | Cashmere | A very rich type of fabric | 34 | |
3358842185 | Rain Shadow | Because of the mountains around it, it created an area that included Sind, Punjab, and Kashmir. connected to irrigation | 35 | |
3358843901 | Kalidasa | Godess of Death | 36 | |
3358843902 | Panini | Created Sanskrit grammar and established the Sanskrit langauage | 37 | |
3358845428 | The Code Of Manu | The proper behaviors and relationships | 38 | |
3358847706 | Seated Yogi/Seatite Seal | Statue emphasizing animal protection and fertility | 39 | |
3358848951 | Priest of The Third Eye | An artifact (into to enlightenment) with eye slits | 40 | |
3358848952 | The Reverse Delta | 41 | ||
3358850376 | Taxila | Chief political/ commercial center | 42 | |
3358850377 | The Sind | south of punjab in the rain shadow | 43 | |
3358850408 | Magadha | Most important North East State, where kings conquered neighbors | 44 | |
3358852675 | Pataliputra | A rectangular city by the Ganges with 570 towers, 64 gates and known for war elephants | 45 | |
3358852676 | Madras | Gateway to South India | 46 | |
3358854563 | Alexander | Crushed states across the indus and promoted interaction | 47 | |
3358854564 | Dharma | Fulfillment of social and religion duties | 48 | |
3358854565 | Artha | Wealth. The pursuit of artha is seen as noble since a person needs them in order to raise a family and keep a household. | 49 | |
3358854566 | Kama | Sensual Pleasure. It encompassed the human desires for passion and emotion. You don't know you have achieved it until the end. | 50 | |
3358857332 | Maya | Illusion or magic. Maya originally denoted the magic power with which a god can make human beings believe in what turns out to be an illusion. When you overcome the illusion of Maya you will realize your oneness with the Brahman. | 51 | |
3358857333 | Moksha | Releasement from Earth, union with the universe | 52 | |
3358858411 | Indra's Net | used to illustrate the concepts of emptiness. In the Heaven of Indra, there is said to be a network of pearls, so arranged that if you look at one you see all the others reflected in it. In the same way each object in the world is not merely itself but involves every other object and in fact IS everything else. | 53 | |
3358946282 | Manoravataranam | manor: great house, avatar: blue skinned demi god sent down, anam: name "House of Gods"(?) basically | 54 |
AP World History Ancient India Study Guide Flashcards
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