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AP World History Ancient India Study Guide Flashcards

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3358530482Mohenjo-DaroIndus valley civilization, political capital, city walls, fortified citadel. Represented a considerable investment in human labor. Had a great amount of standardization. Known for sanitation and being an industrial city.0
3358539315HarappaIndus valley civilization, political capital, city walls, fortified citadel. Represented a considerable investment in human labor. Had a great amount of standardization. It had a reveresed delta (dangerous). The Harappa civilization collapsed in 2000- 1900 B.C.E. and it was found underneath silt.1
3358547633Hindu KushMountains to the north of punjab, sind, and kashmir. Located to the North West of Himalayan mountains.2
3358555322Khyber PassGoes through the Hindu Kush mountains and connected modern day Afghanistan with Pakistan. High-way for invasion. Aryan's migrated through here.3
3358562357Locked DikesMeans of getting water to high ground, and helped create ritual cleanliness4
3358568843PunjabAn area within the Harappan society. South of Kashmir and North of Sind. Near/in Rain Shadow and had terrace farming.5
3358584708IndusMajor river in the Harappan Society. Mohenjo-daro right on the river6
3358588681GangesMore stable than the Indus, rice was cultivated here, and they established agricultural communities in the valley. Aryans invaded Ganges.7
3358606924Manu and the FloodWhen Manu was washing his hands one morning, a small fish came into his hands along the water. The fish begged protection from Manu saying 'Rear me. I will save thee.' The reason stated was that was that the small fish didn't want to be devoured by the larger ones, it required protection till it grew up. One day the fish forewarned Manu of a forthcoming flood, and advised him to prepare a ship and enter into it when the flood came. Manu was an Aryan Hero, created humanity, said men were superior to women. Manu and the flood were the first embodiment in Hinduism.8
3358606925DravidiansThey were the original Indus people - dark skin and short. They joined the Aryans because they couldn't beat them. In the caste system, they were kept as "have nots."9
3358608766AryansMigrated through the Khyber Pass and were a horse culture.10
3358608767SansrkitLanguage of literature and government. It was mostly written, rather than spoken.11
3358610676Rig VedaEarliest Aryan writings (Sanskrit) It was a guide book with sacrifices, rituals, and prayers on how to be a Hindu priest.12
3358610677AgniGod of fire, was replaced by a bright god.13
3358612542PurushaBlue avatar with drawings in the body. The throat represented death. Incarnation of Vishnu. Castes were separated and developed by him. (Basis of caste system)14
3358615025IndraGod of war, and is said to have helped bring rain to the Aryans, replaced by Vishnu15
3358732587RamayanaGuide for men and women to live a Hindu existence. He came up with the 3 fold path.16
3358732588MahabarataThe story of Argun and Krishna that God can be embodied. The body can be anything.17
3358734911AswamedhaHorse sacrifice18
3358783669JatiA sub-caste, tied to occupational groups19
3358783670BrahmanThe universal soul. Upanishads taught that appearances are deceiving and that individual human beings in fact fact are not separate creatures. Each person participates in a larger cosmic order and forms a small art of a universal soul called Brahman.. Brahman is eternal, unchanging, and permanent foundation for all things that exist.20
3358786822Kshatriyawarriors and aristocrats21
3358788467Vaishyacultivators and artisans22
3358789766Shudraslandless peasants and serfs23
3358789767ChandaalThe untouchables who did the dirty deeds within the cities, for example handling dead bodies24
3358791926ShortugaiA place where people traded25
3358794447CottonA material cultivated in India26
3358794448HeddleThe weaving process in creating cloth27
3358794449ShuttleA part that moved the thread when creating cloth28
3358796331IndustryDerives from the word Indus29
3358798474TextilesCulitivation of cotton into cloth30
3358798475Mumbai31
3358802153KarachiA place where Alexander The Great stayed after campaigning the Indus valley32
3358842074KashmirHindu- high holy spot33
3358842075CashmereA very rich type of fabric34
3358842185Rain ShadowBecause of the mountains around it, it created an area that included Sind, Punjab, and Kashmir. connected to irrigation35
3358843901KalidasaGodess of Death36
3358843902PaniniCreated Sanskrit grammar and established the Sanskrit langauage37
3358845428The Code Of ManuThe proper behaviors and relationships38
3358847706Seated Yogi/Seatite SealStatue emphasizing animal protection and fertility39
3358848951Priest of The Third EyeAn artifact (into to enlightenment) with eye slits40
3358848952The Reverse Delta41
3358850376TaxilaChief political/ commercial center42
3358850377The Sindsouth of punjab in the rain shadow43
3358850408MagadhaMost important North East State, where kings conquered neighbors44
3358852675PataliputraA rectangular city by the Ganges with 570 towers, 64 gates and known for war elephants45
3358852676MadrasGateway to South India46
3358854563AlexanderCrushed states across the indus and promoted interaction47
3358854564DharmaFulfillment of social and religion duties48
3358854565ArthaWealth. The pursuit of artha is seen as noble since a person needs them in order to raise a family and keep a household.49
3358854566KamaSensual Pleasure. It encompassed the human desires for passion and emotion. You don't know you have achieved it until the end.50
3358857332MayaIllusion or magic. Maya originally denoted the magic power with which a god can make human beings believe in what turns out to be an illusion. When you overcome the illusion of Maya you will realize your oneness with the Brahman.51
3358857333MokshaReleasement from Earth, union with the universe52
3358858411Indra's Netused to illustrate the concepts of emptiness. In the Heaven of Indra, there is said to be a network of pearls, so arranged that if you look at one you see all the others reflected in it. In the same way each object in the world is not merely itself but involves every other object and in fact IS everything else.53
3358946282Manoravataranammanor: great house, avatar: blue skinned demi god sent down, anam: name "House of Gods"(?) basically54

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