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AP Literature Flashcards

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7315088466AllegoryThe device of using character and/or story elements symbolically to represent an abstraction in addition to the literal meaning0
7315088467AlliterationThe repetition of sounds, especially initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words1
7315088468AllusionA direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly know, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art2
7315088469AmbiguityThe multiple meanings, either intentional or unintentional, of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage3
7315090407AnalogyA comparison between two things, typically for the purpose of explanantion or clarification4
7315090408AnaphoraThe repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of successive clauses5
7315090409AnastropheThe order of the noun and adjective are exchanged6
7315092246AnecdoteA short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person7
7315092247AntagonistA person who actively opposes or is hostile to someone or somethin; an adversary8
7315078570AntithesisA rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect.9
7315078571Antiheroliterary device used by writers for a prominent character in a play or book that has characteristics oppose to that of a conventional hero.10
7315081009AnthropomorphismA literary device that can be defined as a technique in which a writer ascribes human traits, ambitions, emotions or entire behavior to animals, non-human beings, natural phenomena or objects.11
7315081010AphorismA statement of truth or opinion expressed in a concise and witty manner.12
7315082736ApostropheA figure of speech sometimes represented by exclamation "O".13
7315082737AppositionWhen a noun or a word is followed by another noun or phrase that renames or identifies it, this is called appositive.14
7315082738AssonanceAssonance takes place when two or more words, close to one another repeat the same vowel sound, but start with different consonant sounds.15
7315084358AsyndetonA stylistic device used in literature and poetry to intentionally eliminate conjunctions between the phrases and in the sentence, yet maintain grammatical accuracy.16
7315086093BalanceHaving a sentence with two parts, equal in length, structure, and meaning.17
7429588422CharacterizationThe process by which the writer reveals the personality of a character18
7429593855Indirect CharacterizationsThe author reveals to the reader what the character is like by describing how the character looks and dresses, by letting the reader hear what the character says, by revealing the character's private thoughts and feelings, by revealing the character effect on other people (showing how other characters feel or behave toward the character), or by showing the character in action. Common in modern literature.19
7429611052Direct CharacterizationThe author tells us directly what the character is like; sneaky, generous, mean to pets and so on. Romantic style literature relied more heavily on this form20
7429624299Static characterIs one who does not change much in the course of a story.21
7429661147Dynamic characteris one who changes in some important way as a result of the story's action22
7429664947Flat characterhas only one or two personality traits. They are one-dimensional, like a piece of cardboard. They can be summed up in one phrase23
7429676146Round characterhas more dimensions to their personalities - they are complex, just a real people are.24
7429680553ChiasmusIn poetry, a type of rhetorical balance in which the second part is syntactically balanced against the first, but with the parts reversed. Coleridge "Flowers are lovely, love is flowerlike." In prose it is called antimetabole25
7429698928Clicheis a word or phrase, often a figure of speech, that has become lifeless because of overuse. Avoid cliches like the plague.26
7429704364Colloquialisma word or phrase in everyday use in conversation and informal writing but is inappropriate for formal situations.27
7731084635Comedya story that ends with a happy resolution if the conflicts faced by the main character or characters28
7731084636Conceitan elaborate metaphor that compares two things that are startlingly different. Often an extended metaphor.29
7731084637Confessional Poetrya twentieth-century term used to describe poetry that uses intimate material from the poet's life.30
7731101171Conflictthe struggle between opposing forces or characters in a story.31
7731104397External Conflictconflicts can exist between two people, between a person and nature or a machine or between a person a whole society.32
7731104398Internal Conflicta conflict can be internal, involving opposing forces within a person's mind.33
7731104399Connotationthe associations and emotional overtones that have become attached to a word or phrase, in addition to its strict dictionary definition.34
7731106611Couplettwo consecutive rhyming lines of poetry.35
7731106612Dialecta way of speaking that is characteristic of a certain social group or of the inhabitants of a certain geographical area.36
7731109185Dictiona speaker or writer's choice of words.37
7906415895Didacticform of fiction or nonfiction that teaches a specific lesson or moral or provides a model of correct behavior or thinking38
7906415896Elegya poem of mourning, usually about someone who has died.39
7906420016Epanalepsisdevice of repetition in which the same expression (single word or phrase) is repeated both at the beginning and at the end of the line, clause, or sentence. Voltaire: "Common sense is not so common"40
7906435404Epica long narrative poem, written in heightened language, which recounts the deeds of a heroic character who embodies the values of a particular society.41
7906435444Epigrapha quotation or aphorism at the beginning of a literary work suggestive of the theme42
7906439526EpistropheA device of repetition in which the same expression (single word or phrase) is repeated at the end of two or more lines, clauses, or sentences (opposite of anaphora).43
7906439527EpithetAn adjective or adjective phrase applied to a person or thing that is frequently used to emphasize a characteristic quality. "Father of our country" and "the great emancipator" are examples.44
7906439528Essaya short piece of nonfiction prose in which the writer discusses some aspect of a subject45
7906445316Persuasionrelies more on emotional appeals than on facts46
7906451679Argumentform of persuasion that appeals to reason instead of emotion to convince an audience to think or act in a certain way47
7906451680Casual Relationshipform of argumentation in which the writer claims that one thing results from another, often used as part of a logical argument48
7906454502Descriptiona form of disclosure that uses language to create a mood or emotion49
7906454503Expositionone of the four major forms of disclosure, in which something is explained or "set forth"50
7906456456Narrativethe form of disclosure that tells about a series of events.51
8240262702Imagerythe use of language to evoke a picture or a concrete sensation of a person, a thing, or an experience52
8240269133Inversionthe reversal of the normal word order in a sentence or phrase53
8240276104Ironya discrepancy between appearances and reality54
8240298527Verbal Ironyoccurs when someone says one thing but really means something else55
8240302698Situational Ironytakes place when there is a discrepancy between what is expected to happen, or what would be appropriate to happen, and what really does happen56
8240315809Dramatic Ironyis so called because it is often used on stage. A character in the play or story thinks one thing is one, but the audience or reader knows better.57
8240326876JuxtapositionPlacement of two things closely together to emphasize comparisons or contrasts58
8240330626LitotesUnderstatement59
8240337955Local Colora term applied to fiction or poetry which tends to place special emphasis on a particular setting, including its customs, clothing, dialect and landscape60
8240380940Loose SentenceA complex sentence in which the main clause comes first and the subordinate clause follows61
8561773876Lyric Poema poem that does not tell a story but expresses the personal feelings or thoughts of the speaker. A ballad tells a story.62
8561779150Metaphora figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things without the use of specific words of comparison63
8561798159Implied MetaphorImplies or suggests the comparison between the two thing without stating it directly64
8561800300Extended MetaphorA metaphor developed at great length, occurring frequently in or throughout a work.65
8561836755Dead Metaphoris a metaphor that has been used so often that the comparison is no longer vivid66
8561847495Mixed Metaphoris a metaphor that has gotten out of control and mixes its terms so that they are visually or imaginatively incompatible67
8561857979Metonymya figure of speech in which a person, place, or thing, is referred to by something closely associated with it.68
8561884010Moodan atmosphere created by a writer's diction and the details selected.69
8561914362Motifa recurring image, word, phrase, action, idea, object, or situation used throughout a work, unifying the work by tying the current situation to previous ones, or new ideas to the theme.70
8561926342Motivationthe reasons for a character's behavior71
8561936689Onomatopoeiathe use of words whose sounds echo their sense72
8561940675Oxymorona figure of speech that combines opposite or contradictory terms in a brief phrase73
8561950329Parablea relatively short story that teaches a moral, or lesson about how to lead a good life74
8561954628Paradoxa statement that appears self-contradictory, but that reveals a kind of music75
8561959969Koanis a paradox used in Zen Buddhism to gain intuitive knowledge76
8673223711Lyric PoemA poem that does not tell a story but expresses the personal feelings or thoughts of the speaker77
8673237932MetaphorA comparison that establishes a figurative identity between objects being compared.78
8673246507Implied MetaphorImplies or suggests the comparison between the two thing without stating it directly.79
8673251971Extended MetaphorA metaphor that continues beyond it's initial use, can be developed at great length80
8673259493Dead MetaphorA metaphor that has been used so often that the comparison is no longer vivid.81

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