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AP Human Geography: Language Flashcards

Language

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6191369436AccentA distinctive mode of pronunciation of a language, especially one associated with a particular nation, locality, or social class.0
6191369437DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group.1
6191369438EsperantoAn artificial language devised in 1887 as an international medium of communication, based on roots from the chief European languages.2
6191369439Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.3
6191369440IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)4
6191369441IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.5
6191369442Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.6
6191369443Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.7
6191369444LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.8
6191369445Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.9
6191369446Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history10
6191369447Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.11
6191369448Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese12
6191369449Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages13
6191369450Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken14
6191369451MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language15
6191369452BilingualThe ability to speak two languages16
6191369453MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages17
6191369454Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.18
6191369455OrthographyThe conventional spelling system of a language.19
6191369456Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.20
6191369457Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.21
6191369458Toponyma place name or a word derived from the name of a place22
6191369459Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.23
6191369460VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.24
6191369461Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage25
6191369462DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.26
6191369463Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.27
6191369464EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English28
6191369465Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.29

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