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AP Literature Rhetoric Terms Flashcards

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5356895898Allegoryabstract ideas and principles are described in terms of characters, figures and events.0
5356895899Alliterationnumber of words, having the same first consonant1
5356897788Allusiona brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance.2
5356897789Amplificationa rhetorical device writers use to embellish a sentence or statement by adding further information.3
5356899907anachronismerror of chronology or timeline in a literary piece4
5356901577anacoluthon (COMPARE HYPERBATON)interruption within a sentence from one construction to another against the expected logical order of the sentence. Ex. "I will have such revenges on you both, That all the world shall-I will do such things, What they are, yet I know not....."5
5356904544anadiplosisIt refers to the repetition of a word or words in successive clauses in such a way that the second clause starts with the same word which marks the end of the previous clause. Ex. "The mountains look on Marathon - And Marathon looks on the sea..."6
5356904545analogy (COMPARE CONCEIT)a comparison in which an idea or a thing is compared to another thing that is quite different from it.7
5356904546anaphorathe deliberate repetition of the first part of the sentence in order to achieve an artistic effect8
5356906243antimetabole (COMPARE CHIASMUS)a literary term or device that involves repeating a phrase in reverse order. Ex. "In America, you can always find a party. In Soviet Russia, Party always finds you!" - Yakov Smirnoff9
5356919059antithesistwo opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect.10
5356919060aporiaspeaker purports or expresses to be in doubt or in perplexity regarding a question (often feigned) and asks the audience how he/she ought to proceed11
5356921419Aposiopesisspeaker or writer breaks off abruptly and leaves the statement incomplete, as if the speaker is not willing to state what is present in his mind due to being overcome by passion, excitement or fear.12
5356921420Apostrophewhenever their characters address a character that isn't present in the scene. Often used by characters who are addressing a personification or an idea.13
5356924522appositiveWhen a noun or word is followed by another noun or phrase that renames or identifies it14
5356925928assonancewhen two or more words close to one another repeat the same vowel sound but start with different consonant sounds.15
5356925929asyndetonintentionally eliminate conjunctions between the phrases and in the sentence16
5356927961autobiographybook about a person written by that person themselves17
5356927962cacophonymix of harsh/inharmonious sounds18
5356929582Catachresismixed metaphors in an inappropriate way to create rhetorical effect Ex. A man that studies revenge keeps his own wounds green....19
5356932938Chiasmus (COMPARE ANTIMETABOLE)two or more clauses are balanced against each other by the reversal of their structures in order to produce an artistic effect. Words are not repeated in successive clause20
5356932939Chroniclea factual written account of important or historical events in the order of their occurrence.21
5356934052clichean expression that has been overused to the extent that it loses its original meaning or novelty.22
5356934053climaxphrases and clauses are arranged in an order to increase their importance within the sentence23
5356934054colloquialcasual24
5356936377conceit (COMPARE ANALOGY)a figure of speech in which two vastly different objects are likened together with the help of similes or metaphors25
5356936501concrete detailsspecific details that are not as descriptive as imagery26
5356937747connotationa meaning that is implied by a word apart from the thing which it describes explicitly27
5356939266conundrumA riddle in which a fanciful question is answered by a pun.28
5356939267denotationThe dictionary definition29
5356941352diaryAn informal record of a person's private life and day-to-day thoughts and concerns.30
5356946460dictionthe choice and use of words and phrases in speech or writing.31
5356946461distinctioFigure of explication in which an introductory reference to a word's meaning is made (e.g., "by x I mean", "which is to say that", "that is") followed by a further elaboration of that word's meaning; explicit definition of or elaboration upon the meaning or meanings of a particular word or set of words.32
5356951643epithetan adjective or descriptive phrase expressing a quality characteristic of the person or thing mentioned.33
5356953921Euphemisma mild or indirect word or expression substituted for one considered to be too harsh or blunt when referring to something unpleasant or embarrassing.34
5356953922Euphonythe quality of being pleasing to the ear, especially through a harmonious combination of words.35
5356955092expletiveA word or phrase that does not contribute any meaning but is added only to fill out a sentence or a metrical line.36
5356955093fictionWriting about events that aren't real37
5356956715Figurative languagelanguage that uses words or expressions with a meaning that is different from the literal interpretation.38
5356958646flashbacka scene in a movie, novel, etc., set in a time earlier than the main story. framed story39
5356958647hyperbatona literary device wherein the author plays with the regular positioning of words and phrases and creates a differently structured sentence to convey the same meaning. Emphasizes the beginning. Ex. Some rise by sin, and some by virtue fall....40
5356958648hyperboleAn intentional exaggeration41
5356961182hysteron proterona figure of speech in which what should come last is put first, i.e., an inversion of the natural order, for example " I die! I faint! I fail! "42
5356961183imageryvisually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.43
5356961184invectiveinsulting, abusive, or highly critical language.44
5356963476ironythe expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect.45
5356966934litotesUnderstatement with a negative46
5356966935Malapropismthe mistaken use of a word in place of a similar-sounding one, often with unintentionally amusing effect, as in, for example, "dance a flamingo " (instead of flamenco).47
5356966936Meiosissatirical understatement48
5356969278metaphora figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.49
5356970312meterstressed and unstressed syllabic pattern in a verse or within the lines of a poem.50
5356970313Metonymy (COMPARE SYNECDOCHE)replaces the name of a thing with the name of something else with which it is closely associated.51
5356972271monosyllabicone syllable52
5356972272narrationtelling the story53
5356972273nonfictionnot fictional writing...54
5356974268omniscenttype of point of view; knows everything about everyone55
5356974269oxymoron (COMPARE PARADOX)two word paradox. Ex. Jumbo shrimp56
5357054680parody (COMPARE SATIRE)imitation of a particular writer, artist or a genre, exaggerating it deliberately to produce a comic effect.57
5356974270paradox (COMPARE OXYMORON)a statement that appears to be self-contradictory or silly but may include a latent truth.58
5356976747personificationa thing, an idea or an animal is given human attributes.59
5356976748pleonasmuse of a second or more words (phrase) to express an idea. Ex. Burning fire, black darkness60
5356980816point of viewangle of considering things, which shows us the opinion, or feelings of the individuals involved in a situation.61
5356980817polysyllabicmultiple syllables62
5356983121polysyndetonseveral coordinating conjunctions are used in succession in order to achieve an artistic effect.63
5356984401prolepsisthe representation or assumption of a future act or development as if presently existing or accomplished.64
5356984402proseform of language that has no formal metrical structure65
5356984403puna humorous effect is produced by using a word that suggests two or more meanings or by exploiting similar sounding words having different meanings.66
5356985678rhetorical questionasked just for effect or to lay emphasis on some point discussed when no real answer is expected.67
5356985679rhymea repetition of similar sounding words occurring at the end of lines in poems or songs.68
5356989338sarcasmmeant to mock with often satirical or ironic remarks with a purpose to amuse and hurt someone or some section of society simultaneously.69
5356989339satire (COMPARE PARODY)to expose and criticize foolishness and corruption of an individual or a society by using humor, irony, exaggeration or ridicule. It intends to improve humanity by criticizing its follies and foibles.70
5356990666sermonoration, lecture, or talk by a member of a religious institution or clergy.71
5356990667similedirect comparison between two different things using "like" or "as" stream of consciousness:72
5357023378stream of conciousnessdescribes in words the flow of thoughts in the minds of the characters.73
5356990668stylethe way a writer writes and it is the technique which an individual author uses in his writing.74
5356993537syllepsis (COMPARE ZEUGMA)one word (usually a verb) is understood differently in relation to two or more other words, which it modifies or governs. Ex. "When I address Fred I never have to raise either my voice or my hopes." (E.B. White, "Dog Training." One Man's Meat, 1942)75
5356995033syllogismstarts an argument with a reference to something general and from this it draws conclusion about something more specific76
5356995034synaesthesiaa technique adopted by writers to present ideas, characters or places in such a manner that they appeal to more than one senses like hearing, seeing, smell etc. at a given time.77
5356998272synecdoche (COMPARE METONYMY)a part of something represents the whole or it may use a whole to represent a part.78
5356998273syntaxdictates how words from different parts of speech are put together in order to convey a complete thought.79
5357004085tellegraphica concise sentence typically containing five words or less.80
5357004086tonean attitude of a writer toward a subject or an audience.81
5357006967understatementintentionally make a situation seem less important than it really is.82
5357004518zeugma (COMPARE SYLLEPSIS)a word, usually a verb or an adjective, applies to more than one noun, blending together grammatically and logically different ideas.83

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