Foundations
Terms : Hide Images
| 7431140765 | prehistory | The period of time before writing had been invented | 0 | |
| 7431140769 | Paleolithic Era | - "Old Stone Age" - a long period of human development before the development of agriculture | 1 | |
| 7431140770 | Neolithic Era | - "New Stone Age" - 10,000 - 4000 BCE - was marked by the discovery and mastery of agriculture | 2 | |
| 7431140773 | nomadic hunters/gatherers | - a group of people who have no fixed home and move according to the seasons from place to place in search of food, water, and grazing land - egalitarian society - short average life span (30-35 years due to high infant mortality rate) | 3 | |
| 7431140774 | Last Ice Age | A cold period marked by episodes of extensive glaciation, which accounted for the migration of humans out of their origins in Africa (land bridges and animal food sources migrating) | 4 | |
| 7431140777 | domestication | - the taming of animals and plants for human use, such as for work or as food - this allowed the humans to remain in one place | 5 | |
| 7431140776 | Neolithic Revolution | - began around 8,000 BCE - it was the gradual shift from a nomadic lifestyle of hunting and gathering to a sedentary lifestyle with agricultural production and domestication of animals | 6 | |
| 7431250406 | egalitarian | asserting, resulting from, or characterized by belief in the equality of all people, especially in political, economic, or social life. | 7 | |
| 7431284255 | patriarchal | a system of society or government in which men hold the power and women are largely excluded from it; the father or eldest male is head of the family and descent is traced through the male line. | 8 | |
| 7431304868 | domesticable | The term that Jared Diamond uses to describe animals and plants that are easily suitable for agriculture | 9 | |
| 7434215470 | pastoralist | Nomadic herders who domesticated animals and lived of off of meat and milk-based products; usually lived in climates unsuitable to growing crops; traded or fought for fruits and vegetables; usually very egalitarian | 10 | |
| 7434239332 | Agricultural village societies | People who supplemented farming with hunting and gathering; retained more gender equality than other Neolithic societies; even some matriarchal societies; Ex: Catal Huyuk (Turkey) | 11 | |
| 7434245533 | Chiefdom | An agricultural society led by a chief who ruled without force, and whose role was often both secular and religious Ex: Cahokia (North America) and the Pacific Islands | 12 | |
| 11369676730 | Ancient Egypt | Pharaoh, pyramids, more egalitarian, Nile, papyrus, shaduf | 13 | |
| 11369681732 | Ancient Mesopotamia | Priest-kings in city-states, less egalitarian, ziggurats, Tigris and Euphrates Rivers | 14 | |
| 11369687963 | Shang Dynasty | Ancestor worship, silk-making, oracle-bones, Yellow River | 15 | |
| 11369698771 | Indus Civilization | Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa main cities, Great Bath, Indus River, sewage system, trade seals | 16 | |
| 11401366085 | Olmec Civilization | These people of central Mexico created a vibrant civilization that included intensive agriculture, wide-ranging trade, ceremonial centers, and monumental construction like colossal heads. | 17 | |
| 11401389670 | Norte Chico | A region along the coast of Peru that possessed a highly-developed urban culture as early as 2500 B.C.E. Characterized by massive stepped pyramids and extensive trade of cotton and fish. | 18 | |
| 11401924894 | Oxus Civilization | Civilization in modern day Afghanistan. Had gold, silver, and bronze items and special burials for women. | 19 |
