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| 5927361821 | Replication Bubble | Oval opening in DNA, spreads outward in both directions. Replication starts in the middle of a DNA strand, not at the ends! | 0 | |
| 5927361822 | Replication Fork | A Y-shaped region were the new strands of DNA are elongating during DNA replication. | 1 | |
| 5927361823 | nucleotide triphosphates | building blocks needed to make new strands of DNA; provide energy for DNA replication by the hydrolysis of bonds between phosphates | 2 | |
| 5927361825 | Helicase | An enzyme that untwists the double helix at the replication forks, separating the two parental strands and making them available as template strands. | 3 | |
| 5927361826 | Single-Stranded Binding Proteins | Protein that coats single-stranded segments of DNA, stabilizing the DNA so it won't reanneal | 4 | |
| 5927361828 | DNA Polymerase III | An enzyme that catalyzes the elongation of new DNA at a replication fork by the addition of nucleotides to the existing chain. Can only read 3' to 5' and build new strands 5' to 3'. | 5 | |
| 5927361830 | Lagging Strand | A discontinuously synthesized DNA strand, built in the direction opposite of the replication fork. Must be built in pieces |  | 6 |
| 5927361831 | Leading Strand | The new continuous complementary DNA strand synthesized along the template strand in the mandatory 5' to 3' direction. | | 7 |
| 5927361832 | Okazaki Fragments | Small fragments of DNA produced on the lagging strand during DNA replication, joined later by DNA ligase to form a complete strand. | 8 | |
| 5927361833 | Ligase | An enzyme that connects two fragments of DNA to make a single fragment | 9 | |
| 5927361835 | Primase | An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer using the parental DNA strand as a template. Serves as starter sequence for DNA Polymerase III, which will add on the complementary bases. | 10 | |
| 5927361836 | DNA Polymerase I | Removes sections of RNA primer and replaces them with DNA nucleotides. Can still only build onto 3' end of an existing DNA strand. | 11 | |
| 5927361837 | Telomerase | An enzyme that catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres. The enzyme includes a molecule of RNA that serves as a template for new telomere segments. | 12 | |
| 5927386977 | topoisomerase | Enzyme that functions in DNA replication, helping to relieve strain in the double helix ahead of the replication fork. | 13 | |
| 5927388090 | DNA polymerase II | an enzyme has a 3'-5' exonuclease activity for proofreading | 14 | |
| 5927394648 | telomere | A specialized region at the ends of eukaryotic chromosmes that contains several repeats of a particular DNA sequence. In cells that lack telomerase, the telomeres slowly shorten with each round of DNA replication; this is thought to contribute to the eventual death of the cell. | 15 | |
| 5927402720 | origin of replication | The specific location on a DNA strand where replication begins.. Prokaryotes have one, while eukaryotes have several per chromosome. | 16 | |
| 5927411563 | RNA primer | strand of short nucleic acid sequences (generally about 10 base pairs) that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis. It is required for DNA replication because the enzymes that catalyze this process, DNA polymerases, can only add new nucleotides to an existing strand of nucleic acid. | 17 |
