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AP Literature and Composition Terms Flashcards

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4291720999personificationFigurative language in which a nonhuman subject is given human characteristics0
4291721000metaphorA comparison without using like or as1
4291721001simileA comparison using like or as2
4291722283hyperboleA figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor3
4291722284understatementA figure of speech in which a writer or speaker says less than what he or she means; the opposite of exaggeration4
4291722285ironyA contrast between expectation and reality5
4291722286allusionA brief and indirect reference to a person, place, thing or idea of historical, cultural, literary or political significance6
4291722287oxymoronA figure of speech consisting of two apparently contradictory terms7
4291723410paradoxA figure of speech or statement that seems contradictory but actually contains a hidden truth8
4291723411metonymyA figure of speech in which something is referred to by using the name of something that is associated with it9
4291723412synecdocheA figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa10
4291724787onomatopoeiaA word that imitates the sound it represents11
4291724788rhymeRepetition of sounds at the end of words12
4291724789alliterationRepetition of consonant sounds13
4291724790assonanceRepetition of vowel sounds14
4291725941consonanceRepetition of consonant sounds15
4291725942meterA pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in poetry16
4291725943blank verseUnrhymed iambic pentameter17
4291725944free versePoetry that does not have a regular meter or rhyme scheme18
4291726786enjambmentA run-on line of poetry in which logical and grammatical sense carries over from one line into the next19
4291726787petrarchanA sonnet consisting of an octave with the rhyme pattern abbaabba, followed by a sestet with the rhyme pattern cdecde or cdcdcd20
4291726788shakespeareanA fourteen line poem with a specific rhyme scheme21
4291729920trocheeA stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable22
4291729921dactylOne accented syllable followed by two unaccented syllables23
4291729922anapestTwo unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable24
4291729923spondeeTwo stressed syllables in a row25
4291731568dictionA writer's or speaker's choice of words26
4291758363toneAttitude a writer takes toward the audience, a subject, or a character27
4291763950novelA long work of fiction28
4291763951short storyA brief work of fiction29
4291765119essayA brief examination of a subject in prose, usually expressing a personal or limited view of the topic30
4291765121speechA talk or public address31
4291765122narrativeTells a story32
4291765123choice of detailSpecific examples that contribute to the piece's major theme(s), significant items mentioned33
4291766115point of viewThe perspective from which a story is told34
4291766116syntaxSentence structure35
4291767446action verbA verb that expresses either physical or mental activity36
4291767447imperativeA command37
4291767448adjectiveA word that describes a noun38
4291768354adverbA word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb39
4291768355appositiveA word or phrase that renames a nearby noun or pronoun40
4291768356prepositional phraseIncludes a preposition, a noun or pronoun called the object of the preposition, and any modifiers of that object41
4291769761infinitive phrasePhrases that begin with an infinitive (to + simple form of the verb)42
4291769762participleA verb that can be used as an adjective43
4291769763exclamationAn abrupt or emphatic expression of thought or of feeling44
4291771380coordinating conjunctionConnects two or more independent clauses; for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so45
4291771381subordinating conjunctionConnects an independent clause with one or more dependent clauses; since, before, unless, however46
4291771382conjunctive adverbAn adverb used as a connecting word between two independent clauses in a compound sentence47
4291773104infinitiveA verb form, usually preceded by "to," that is used as a noun, adjective, or adverb48
4291773105comma spliceTwo sentences joined incorrectly with only a comma49
4291774128stream of consciousnessA style of writing that portrays the inner (often chaotic) workings of a character's mind.50
4291775892flashbackA method of narration in which present action is temporarily interrupted so that the reader can witness past events51
4291775893foreshadowingA narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader52
4291778003periodic sentenceA sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end53
4291780378loose sentenceA complex sentence in which the main clause comes first and the subordinate clause follows54
4291780379anaphoraRepetition of a word or words at the beginning of two or more successive verses, clauses, or sentences55
4291781937antithesisA balancing of two opposite or contrasting words, phrases, or clauses56
4291781938inverted syntaxA sentence constructed so that the predicate comes before the subject57
4291781939negationThe contradiction or denial of something58
4291781940climactic orderThe order in which items are arranged in sequence according to their importance, with the most important one last59
4291786911anti-climactic orderThe order in which items are arranged in backward sequence according to their importance, with the most important one first60
4291786912figurative languageWriting or speech that is not intended to carry literal meaning and is usually meant to be imaginative and vivid61
4291786913first person"I" and "Me" standpoint. Personal perspective.62
4291786914second personTold from the reader's point of view, using "you"63
4291786915third person omniscientPoint of view in which an all-knowing narrator who is privy to the thoughts and actions of any or all characters64
4291786916third person limitedNarrator sees the world through only one characters eyes and thoughts.65
4291786917third person subjectiveNarrator is outside the story and acts only as a reporter66
4291786918third person objectiveThe narrator is an outsider who can report only what he or she sees and hears. This narrator can tell us what is happening, but he can't tell us the thoughts of the characters.67
4291786919unreliable narratorA narrator whose account of events appears to be faulty, misleadingly biased, or otherwise distorted68
4291788100descriptiveGiving details about; illustrating; explaining69
4291788101expositoryExplanatory70
4291788102persuasiveConvincing71
4291791827authorial intentThe point the author wants to get across, the intended moral of the story72
4291795933sensory imagesWords and phrases that create vivid sensory images for the reader that may be visual or appeal to the other four senses of smell, hearing, taste, touch73
4291795934apostropheA figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love74
4291796758ad hominemAn argument based on the failings of an adversary rather than on the merits of the case; a logical fallacy that involves a personal attack75
4291803080rhetorical questionA question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer76
4291805822noun clauseA subordinate clause used as a noun77

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