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AP World History - UNIT 7: Contemporary History Flashcards

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6456496291Who were the Tutsi?- wealthier, educated class in Rwanda - 15% of the population - under Belgian rule, governed the Hutu0
6456499558Who were the Hutu?- 85% of population - economically and socially disadvantages1
6456505883Why did the Hutu revolt? What was the result of the revolt?- when independence came, the Hutu revolted against the Tutsi leaving thousands dead bc they were tired of being under Tutsi rule - a one party republic was established under the leadership of a Hutu general2
6456508542What sparked the 100 days of genocide?- the Hutu general who led the republic was killed after his plane was shot down - Hutu blamed the Tutsi3
6456511591How many Tutsi were killed in the 100 days of genocide?1 million4
6456513608What ended the 100 days of genocide?- Tutsi took back control of the government through the Rwandan Patriotic Front with the support of the Ugandan army5
6456525057What happened to the Hutus when the Tutsi reclaimed the government?- 2 million Hutu refugees fled to Zaire (Congo) where many died from disease6
6456527992What was the communist party in Cambodia? Who led it?- Khmer Rouge - Pol Pot7
6456527993What did Pol Pot do as leader?- nationalized farming and turned peasants into slave laborers - cities (sources of capitalism) evacuated - education eliminated - educated/privileged class was killed8
6456537774What were the 'killing fields'?mass graves for the Cambodians killed under Pol Pot's rule that were used to hide the evidence of the mass genocide9
6456539283How much of the Cambodian population was killed?25%10
6456539729How was the genocide put to an end?Vietnam invaded Cambodia in 1978 to stop border attacks by the Khmer Rouge - Pol Pot was removed from power11
6456545349What genocide was occurring in Bosnia?1992-1995 - Serbian leader Milosevic invaded Bosnia to free Christian Serbians living there - His goal was "ethnic cleansing" of Bosnian Muslims - put Muslims in concentration camps - 100,000 Muslims killed12
6456555435What ended the Bosnian genocide?1995 - UN airstrikes attacked Bosnian Serbs - this led to a peace agreement13
6456560775Describe the escalation of racial segregation in S Africa.(Don't have to know dates just know the order) - Blacks (80% of population) were completely excluded from government - 1923: residential segregation established - 1926: blacks were banned from certain jobs that whites wanted - 1948: Apartheid established - late 1950s: areas of the country were set aside for Blacks (the worst parts of Africa; 15% of the land)14
6545013176Who was Nelson Mandela? What was his mission?- leader of African National Congress Mission: abolish apartheid peacefully15
6545077568What is the Africa Union?political and economic union of 54 nations16
6545083609What is Boko Haram?islamic terrorist group in Nigeria that believe education is sinful17
6545100943What was the Balfour Declaration?explicitly states that Jewish people in Palestine have a right to a homeland but they cannot displace palestinians as a result18
6545159516Explain the immigration of Jews to Palestine, leading up to the establishment of Israel?- Britain gained control of Palestine as a mandate from League of Nations - Jews emigrated from Russia - Jews emigrated to escape Nazis during WWII19
6545220136What was the Arab-Israeli War?Arabs from 6 nations attacked Israel but within months the Israelis controlled most of Palestine except the W Bank20
6545230213What was the result of the 6 days war?Israelis took more land (W Bank, Sinai Peninsula, Gaza Strip)21
6545239950What was the Camp David Accords?Israel pulled out of the Sinai Peninsula and Egypt recognized Israel's right to exist22
6545276288Who are the PLO? What is their goal?Palestinian Liberation Organization - to reclaim the Palestinian's land and establish a Palestinian state23
6546132651Who is the leader of the PLO?Yasser Arafat24
6546135772Who is the Prime Minister of Palestine?Ariel Sharon25
6546242034What is the 'Roadmap to Peace'?plan made by UN that forced Israeli settlers to vacate the Gaza strip26
6546266487What body governs Palestine? How is it divided?Palestinian Authority - divided between Hamas and Fatah27
6546268726What is Hamas?Islamic Resistance Movement (terrorist organization)28
6546285164Who is Israel's current Prime Minister?Benjamin Netanyahu29
6546290413What is Hezbollah? Who supports them?Militant Shia group backed by Syria and Iran30
6546296220Under who's leadership does Iran begin to westernize?Shah Reza31
6546298943What sparked the Iranian Revolution?In the 1960s, there was: - an education and land reform - women could vote and dress how they wanted This angered Islamic fundamentalists who wanted the Qur'an to be the law of the land32
6546307114What happened as a result of the Iranian Revolution? Who led Iran?- Iran become a theocracy led by Ayatollah Khomeini - westernization is reversed33
6546314852What was the Iran-Iraq War?Iraq invaded Iran over border disputes34
6546318185Who is the current leader of Iran?Hassan Rouhani35
6546319857What sparked the Persian Gulf War?Iraq under Saddam Hussein invaded Kuwait for oil36
6550619919What was the result of the Persian Gulf War?Iraq was subject to UN monitoring and Kuwait was liberated37
6550628763Why did the US and Great Britain invade Iraq?they wanted to oust Hussein from power bc they thought he was in possession of 'weapons of mass destruction'38
6550635989What happened as a result of US forces leaving Iraq in 2011?ISIS emerged39
6550651224Which political body served as Afghanistan's government after the USSR left?the Taliban - Islamic fundamentalist group **protected Osama Bin Laden40
6550707086What is the terrorist organization in Afghanistan?Al Qaeda41
6550705561What are the 3 reasons Al Qaeda hates the US?1) US supports Israel 2) the U.S. has troops in Saudi Arabia (we are outsiders that are desecrating their holy sites) 3) US is the primary agent of globalization (we are contaminating their culture)42
6550719303What sparked the war on terror?Al Qaeda's terrorist attacks on 9/11 4 planes hijacked: - 2 into WTC - 1 into Pentagon - 1 into a field in PA43
6552998899What was the last obstacle to global interaction?cold war44
6553004344What do the international monetary fund/world bank do?give financial assistance to 3rd world countries45
6553012298What is GATT? What did it turn into?General agreement on Tariffs and Trade - reduce tariff barriers to international trade - turns into World Trade Organization46
6553020263What is the G6 summit?Group of 6 countries - forum for industrialized democracies - US, Britain, France, W Germany, Italy and Japan47
6553036965What are some goals of the G6?- political responsibilities of democracy - exchange views on the world economy - inflation and energy crisis - unemployment - growth of world trade - international cooperation48
6554129501What is Chechnya?Russian republic that tried to establish independence but was suppressed by President Boris Yeltsin49
6554139755Who was Yeltsin's successor?Vladamir Putin50
6554142675What is Russia's economy based on?oil and gas (very strong economy)51
6554147124What happened to the Soviet Satellites after they were released from the Soviet Regime? What are they?Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland They join NATO52
6554151431What has happened to Cuba's economy?It collapsed bc the USSR could no longer buy its sugar crop or provide subsidies53
6554154819How has the US alienated nations?we are too arrogant54
6554159854Who was Timothy McVeigh?Terrorist responsible for the bombing of the Federal Building in Oklahoma City55
6554164609What is the IRA?Irish Republican Army - terrorist group formed to fight for freedom for Irish people to rule Ireland - in 2005 they agreed to just share power over Ireland with the British56
6554181706What is Guantanamo Bay?- United States naval base in Cuba - used as a prison that holds hundreds of combatants - employs torture methods - we bring them to Guantanamo Bay bc if we bring them to the US they are entitled to constitutional rights57
6554210270What did Deng Xiaoping bring to China?economic liberalism and revival in education and literacy58
6554212482Who is China's current leader?Xi Jinping59
6554213824When did China join the WTO?Nov 200160
6554219148What percent of China's population lives under the poverty line? What accounts for most of the division between the rich and poor?13% mostly location based; rural inland vs. urban coasts61
6554224382What is the Three Gorges Dam?largest hydroelectric project in the world62
6554228204What happened at Tiananmen Square?A pro-democracy rally by students was brutally suppressed by the Communist Chinese government63
6554231264What is the Falun Gong?religious movement consisting of taoism, buddhism, and martial arts that was banned by the Chinese government bc they feared they could take over the government64
6554302731When did the AIDS epidemic appear? How many people worldwide have died of AIDS?1981 30 million65
6554307812What is globalization?the growing global economic, cultural, and political integration and interaction66
6554326321What is the civil war occurring in Chad?- Sunni Islamic Law is being imposed on people who are not Muslim - 50% of pop is Sunni Muslim but 25% are Christian and the rest are other religions - fighting ever since67
6554334796What is the conflict occurring in Sudan?Islamic law is being imposed on the Southern Black people of indigenous religions by the Northern Sunnis - civil war is result68
6554772872Where is Darfur?A region in the west of Sudan in Africa.69
6554778980What is the conflict occurring in Darfur? Why can't the UN intervene?Muslims are at war with the central government: the Janjaweed - UN can't intervene bc China supports the central government bc they need oil from them70
6554982688What is the G8?Discuss trade, global warming and terrorism • Group of 8: Canada (1977) & Russia (199771
6554982689What is the G20?Group of 20: World Leaders • Industrialized and developing nations72

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