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| 3822948944 | absolute phrase | term applied to anything totally independent of influences, limitations, controls, or modifiers; combines a noun and a participle with any accompanying modifiers or objects. | 0 | |
| 3822948945 | active voice | the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is performing the action or causing the happening denoted by the verb | 1 | |
| 3822948946 | passive voice | the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action denoted by the verb | 2 | |
| 3822948947 | ad noseum | signifies that the topic in question has been discussed extensively, and that those involved in the discussion have grown tired of it | 3 | |
| 3822948948 | ad hominem | attacking opponent's character instead of arguments | 4 | |
| 3822948949 | ad populum | concludes a proposition to be true because many or most people believe it. In other words, the basic idea of the argument is: "If many believe so, it is so." | 5 | |
| 3822948950 | ad verecundiam | appeal to authority | 6 | |
| 3822948951 | ambiguity | unclearness by virtue of having more than one meaning | 7 | |
| 3822948952 | anecdote | short account of an incident (especially a biographical one) | 8 | |
| 3822948953 | antiphrases | use of word to mean opposite: the use of a word or phrase to mean the opposite of its usual or literal sense, e.g. saying on a rainy day, "What a great day for a picnic!" | 9 | |
| 3822948954 | antithesis | direct opposite: the complete or exact opposite of something; figure of speech: a use of words or phrases that contrast with each other to create a balanced effect | 10 | |
| 3822948955 | aphorism | a short pithy instructive saying | 11 | |
| 3822948956 | appeal to authority | when a person argues that a statement is correct because the statement is made by a person or source that is commonly regarded as authoritative | 12 | |
| 3822948957 | appeal to fear | when a person attempts to create support for his or her idea by using deception and propaganda in attempts to increase fear and prejudice toward a competitor | 13 | |
| 3822948958 | appeal to prejudice | Using loaded or emotive terms to attach value or moral goodness to believing the proposition. "A reasonable person would agree that our income tax is too low." | 14 | |
| 3822948959 | Aristotelian appeals | the means of persuasion as categorized by Greek philosopher Aristotle | 15 | |
| 3822948960 | ethos | refers to the trustworthiness or credibility of the writer or speaker; is often conveyed through tone and style of the message and through the way the writer or speaker refers to differing views; it can also be affected by the writer's reputation as it exists independently from the message--his or her expertise in the field, his or her previous record or integrity, and so forth; the impact is often called the argument's 'ethical appeal' or the 'appeal from credibility. | 16 | |
| 3822948961 | logos | refers to the internal consistency of the message--the clarity of the claim, the logic of its reasons, and the effectiveness of its supporting evidence; the impact on an audience is sometimes called the argument's logical appeal. | 17 | |
| 3822948962 | pathos | is often associated with emotional appeal. But a better equivalent might be 'appeal to the audience's sympathies and imagination"; causes an audience not just to respond emotionally but to identify with the writer's point of view--to feel what the writer feels; evokes a meaning implicit in the verb 'to suffer'--to feel pain imaginatively; refers to both the emotional and the imaginative impact of the message on an audience, the power with which the writer's message moves the audience to decision or action. | 18 | |
| 3822948963 | assertion | also referred to a writer's thesis; the point the writer is attempting to argue | 19 | |
| 3822948964 | atmosphere | the mood, feeling created in the writing | 20 | |
| 3822948965 | attitude | A speaker's, author's, or character's disposition toward or opinion of a subject. | 21 | |
| 3822948966 | audience | One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed. | 22 | |
| 3822948967 | authority | Arguments that draw on recognized experts or persons with highly relevant experience. | 23 | |
| 3822948968 | backing | In Toulmin Arguments, offering background information or evidence to support a warrant. | 24 | |
| 3822948969 | bandwagon | A fallacy which assumes that because something is popular, it is therefore good, correct, or desirable. | 25 | |
| 3822948970 | beautiful people | A fallacy that uses good looking models or celebrities to attract our attention. Used to imply (but never promise) that if we use the product we will look like models. | 26 | |
| 3822948971 | black-and-white fallacy | Presenting only two choices, with the product or idea being propagated as the better choice. For example: "You're either with us, or against us...." | 27 | |
| 3822948972 | claims | A point the writer is trying to make; that which you are trying to prove | 28 | |
| 3822948973 | cliche | A worn-out idea or overused expression | 29 | |
| 3822948974 | coherence | Clarity and logical consistency within a speech or an argument. | 30 | |
| 3822948975 | climax | That point in a plot that creates the greatest intensity, suspense, or interest; usually the point at which the conflict is resolved | 31 | |
| 3822948976 | common man | The "plain folks" approach attempts to convince the audience that the propagandist's positions reflect the common sense of the people; use ordinary language and mannerisms (and clothe their message in face-to-face and audiovisual communications) in attempting to identify their point of view with that of the average person; can win the confidence of persons who resent or distrust foreign sounding, intellectual speech, words, or mannerisms."[9] For example, a politician speaking to a Southern United States crowd might incorporate words such as "Y'all" and other colloquialisms to create a perception of belonging | 32 | |
| 3822948977 | demonizing the enemy | Makes individuals from the opposition appear to be subhuman, worthless, or immoral, through suggesting of false accusations | 33 | |
| 3822948978 | detail | Facts revealed by the author or speaker that support the attitude or tone in the work | 34 | |
| 3822948979 | allegory | A literary work in which characters, objects, or actions represent abstractions | 35 | |
| 3822948980 | allusion | A reference to another work of literature, person, or event | 36 | |
| 3822948981 | analogy | A comparison between two things, typically on the basis of their structure and for the purpose of explanation or clarification. | 37 | |
| 3822948982 | apostrophe | A figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction, such as liberty or love. | 38 | |
| 3822948983 | conceit | A fanciful expression, usually in the form of an extended metaphor or surprising analogy between seemingly dissimilar objects | 39 | |
| 3822948984 | paradox | A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth. | 40 | |
| 3822948985 | personification | A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes | 41 | |
| 3822948986 | onomatopeia | formation or use of words that imitate sounds of the actions to which they refer | 42 | |
| 3822948987 | oxymoron | A figure of speech in which apparently contradictory terms appear in conjunction. | 43 | |
| 3822948988 | imagery | Description that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste) | 44 | |
| 3822948989 | irony | A contrast or discrepancy between what is stated and what is really meant, or between what is expected to happen and what actually does happen. | 45 | |
| 3822948990 | setting | The context in time and place in which the action of a story occurs. | 46 | |
| 3822948991 | simile | A comparison of two unlike things using "like" or "as" | 47 | |
| 3822948992 | verbal irony | Irony in which a person says or writes one thing and means another, or uses words to convey a meaning that is the opposite of the literal meaning. | 48 | |
| 3822948993 | understatement | A figure of speech in which a writer or speaker says less than what he or she means; the opposite of exaggeration. | 49 | |
| 3822948994 | hyperbole | A figure of speech that uses exaggeration to express strong emotion, make a point, or evoke humor | 50 | |
| 3822948995 | idiom | A work or phrase that has a special meaning different from its standard or dictionary meaning. | 51 | |
| 3822948996 | concrete detail | A highly specific, particular, often real, actual, or tangible detail; the opposite of abstract. | 52 | |
| 3822948997 | dramatic irony | In this type of irony, facts or events are unknown to a character in a play or a piece of fiction but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in the work | 53 | |
| 3822948998 | extended metaphor | A comparison between two unlike things that continues throughout a series of sentences in a paragraph or lines in a poem | 54 | |
| 3822948999 | figurative language | Language that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling. | 55 | |
| 3822949000 | diction | A speaker or writer's choice of words (formal, informal, colloquial, full of slang, poetic, ornate, plain, abstract, concrete, etc.); has a powerful effect on tone | 56 | |
| 3822949001 | abstract | theoretical, not applied or practical; not concrete | 57 | |
| 3822949002 | metaphor | A comparison that establishes a figurative identity between objects being compared. | 58 | |
| 3822949004 | alliteration | Repetition of initial consonant sounds | 59 | |
| 3822949005 | assonance | Repetition of a vowel sound within two or more words in close proximity | 60 | |
| 3822949006 | colloquial | Characteristic of ordinary conversation rather than formal speech or writing | 61 | |
| 3822949007 | concrete | relating to or involving specific people, things, or actions rather than general ideas or qualities | 62 | |
| 3822949008 | connotation | All the meanings, associations, or emotions that a word suggests | 63 | |
| 3822949009 | contemptuous | Expressing disdain; showing a lack of respect | 64 | |
| 3822949010 | contrastive | Containing or forming a contrast; contrasting. | 65 | |
| 3822949011 | denotation | Literal meaning of a word | 66 | |
| 3822949012 | dialect | A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation. | 67 | |
| 3822949013 | didactic | A term used to describe fiction or nonfiction that teaches a specific lesson or moral or provides a model of correct behavior or thinking. | 68 | |
| 3822949014 | dissonance | a harsh and disagreeable combination, especially of sounds | 69 | |
| 3822949015 | formal | following or according with established form, custom, or rule; suited for serious or official speech & writing | 70 | |
| 3822949016 | informal | relaxed in tone; not suited for serious or official speech and writing | 71 | |
| 3822949017 | monosyllabic | Having only one syllable | 72 | |
| 3822949018 | nostalgic | Longing for the past | 73 | |
| 3822949019 | polysyllabic | Having many syllables | 74 | |
| 3822949020 | sardonic | cynical; scornfully mocking | 75 | |
| 3822949021 | synecdoche | A figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole (as hand for sailor), the whole for a part (as the law for police officer), the specific for the general (as cutthroat for assassin), the general for the specific (as thief for pickpocket), or the material for the thing made from it (as steel for sword). | 76 | |
| 3822949022 | synesthesia | A rhetorical trope involving shifts in imagery. It involves taking one type of sensory input (sight, sound, smell, touch, taste) and comingling it with another separate sense in an impossible way | 77 | |
| 3822949023 | tautology | a repetition, a redundancy, a circular argument | 78 | |
| 3822949024 | vernacular | the everyday speech of the people (as distinguished from literary language) | 79 | |
| 3822949025 | epigram | a concise but ingenious, witty, and thoughtful statement; often paradoxical in nature | 80 | |
| 3822949026 | epigraph | a quotation set at the beginning of a literary work or one of its divisions to suggest its theme | 81 | |
| 3822949027 | flag-waving | the attempt to persuade the audience to choose a particular product because doing so will be an exhibit of patriotism or good citizenship | 82 | |
| 3822949028 | genre | a category or type of literature (or of art, music, etc.) characterized by a particular form, style, or content | 83 | |
| 3822949029 | glittering generalities | use of intensely emotionally appealing words so closely associated with highly valued concepts and beliefs that they carry conviction without supporting information or reason; ", At this defining moment in our history, preparing our children to compete in the global economy is one of the most urgent challenges we face." | 84 | |
| 3822949030 | half-truth | a statement that deceives an audience by revealing part of the truth, but mixing the truth with a lie | 85 | |
| 3822949031 | homily | a sermon stressing moral principles; a tedious moralizing lecture or discourse | 86 | |
| 3822949032 | implication | a suggestion an author or speaker makes (implies) without stating it directly; the author/sender implies; the reader/audience infers. | 87 | |
| 3822949033 | inference | a conclusion one can draw from the presented details | 88 | |
| 3822949034 | intentional vagueness | generalities are deliberately vague so that the audience may supply its own interpretations- intention is to move the audience by use of undefined phrases without analyzing their validity | 89 | |
| 3822949035 | invective | a strong denunciation or condemnation; abusive language; abusive, vituperative | 90 | |
| 3822949036 | jargon | language used by a special group; technical terminology; gibberish | 91 | |
| 3822949037 | juxtaposition | A poetic and rhetorical device in which normally unassociated ideas, words, or phrases are placed next to one another for comparison or emphasis | 92 | |
| 3822949038 | euphemism | use of an inoffensive word or phrase in place of a more distasteful one | 93 | |
| 3822949039 | dysphemism | a coarse or rude way of saying something. The opposite of euphemism. e.g., Saying "croak" instead of "die." | 94 | |
| 3822949040 | guilt by association | a person is judged because of his associations, his friends, his family, not because of anything he has done | 95 | |
| 3822949041 | litotes | a form of understatement that involves making an affirmative point by denying its opposite | 96 | |
| 3822949042 | logical fallacies | an error in reasoning that renders an argument invalid. | 97 | |
| 3822949043 | begging the question | occurs when the believability of the evidence depends on the believability of the claim; often called circular reasoning; "So when you say that he's lying, are you saying that he isn't telling the truth?" | 98 | |
| 3822949044 | either-or reasoning | When the writer reduces an argument or issue to two polar opposites and ignores any alternatives. | 99 | |
| 3822949045 | false dilemma | A fallacy of logical argument which is committed when too few of the available alternatives are considered, and all but one are assessed and deemed impossible or unacceptable; e.g. A father speaking to his son says, "Are you going to go to college and make something of yourself, or are you going to end up being an unemployable bum like me?" The dilemma is the son's supposed choice limitation: either he goes to college or he will be a bum. The dilemma is false, because the alternative of not going to college but still being employable has not been considered. | 100 | |
| 3822949046 | generalization | A broad statement that applies to many individuals, experiences, situations, or observations. A kind of conclusion that is drawn after considering as many facts as possible. | 101 | |
| 3822949047 | non-sequitor | a statement that does not follow logicaly from what has been said; that is a conclusion that does not follow from the premises | 102 | |
| 3822949048 | post hoc | Assuming that an incident that precedes another is the cause of the second incident | 103 | |
| 3822949049 | red-herring | any diversion intended to distract attention from the main issue | 104 | |
| 3822949050 | malapropism | A blunder in speech caused by the substitution of a word for another that is similar in sound but different in meaning. | 105 | |
| 3822949051 | maxim | A general truth or rule of conduct; a short saying | 106 | |
| 3822949052 | metonymy | A figure of speech in which one word or phrase is substituted for another with which it is closely associated (such as "crown" for "royalty"). | 107 | |
| 3822949053 | mood | Feeling or atmosphere that a writer creates for the reader | 108 | |
| 3822949054 | motif | A recurring element, such as an image, theme, or type of incident. | 109 | |
| 3822949055 | name-calling | a method of propaganda that is an attempt to turn people against and opponent or an idea by using unpleasant labels or descriptions for that person or idea | 110 | |
| 3822949056 | organization | arrangement of the ideas of a text | 111 | |
| 3822949057 | deductive reasoning | reasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general principle and then applying that principle to a specific case (The sun rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on Tuesday morning.) | 112 | |
| 3822949058 | exemplification | A rhetorical strategy that is the fundamental way a writer can illustrate, support, and clarify ideas that include referring to a sample, detail, person or typical event. | 113 | |
| 3822949059 | inductive reasoning | Decision making process in which ideas are processed from the specific to the general. | 114 | |
| 3822949060 | syllogism | A form of reasoning in which two statements are made and a conclusion is drawn from them; it is the format of a formal argument that consists of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion. Example: Major Premise: All tragedies end unhappily. Minor Premise: Hamlet is a tragedy. Conclusion: Therefore, Hamlet ends unhappily. | 115 | |
| 3822949061 | pace | the speed at which an author tells a story | 116 | |
| 3822949062 | parody | A work that closely imitates the style or content of another with the specific aim of comic effect and/or ridicule. | 117 | |
| 3822949063 | parenthetical | a comment that interrupts the immediate subject, often to qualify or explain | 118 | |
| 3822949064 | pedantic | words, phrases, or general tone that is overly scholarly, academic, or bookish. | 119 | |
| 3822949065 | philippic | insulting language; a tirade | 120 | |
| 3822949066 | polysyndeton | Deliberate use of many conjunctions in close succession, especially where some might be omitted. Hemingway and the Bible both use extensively. Ex. "he ran and jumped and laughed for joy" | 121 | |
| 3822949067 | point of view | the perspective from which a story is told | 122 | |
| 3822949068 | first person | The narrator is a character in the story who can reveal only personal thoughts and feelings and what he or she sees and is told by other characters. He can't tell us thoughts of other characters; utilizes pronouns I, me, we, our, us | 123 | |
| 3822949069 | objective | Factual, related to reality or physical objects; not influenced by emotions, unbiased | 124 | |
| 3822949070 | observer | character who is not "involved" in the actions of a story; can form a type of bias that occurs when an his/her expectations, past experience, and motives or other personal factors interfere with the accuracy of their observations | 125 | |
| 3822949071 | participant | character who is experiencing the actions of a story | 126 | |
| 3822949072 | second person | The narrator tells a listener what he/she has done or said, using the personal pronoun "you." This point of view is rare. | 127 | |
| 3822949073 | subjective | An opinion based on personal preferences and value judgements | 128 | |
| 3822949074 | third person | A point of view that presents the events of the story from outside of any single character's perception, much like the omniscient point of view, but the reader must understand the action as it takes place and without any special insight into characters' minds or motivations. | 129 | |
| 3822949075 | propaganda | Ideas spread to influence public opinion for or against a cause. | 130 | |
| 3822949076 | prose | Ordinary speech or writing without rhyme or meter; referring to speech or writing other than verse (poetry) | 131 | |
| 3822949077 | pun | a play on words in which a humorous effect is produced by using a word that suggests two or more meanings or by exploiting similar sounding words having different meanings. | 132 | |
| 3822949078 | purpose | the author's reason for writing: to entertain, inform, persuade, etc. | 133 | |
| 3822949079 | repetition | Repeated use of sounds, words, or ideas for effect and emphasis | 134 | |
| 3822949080 | rhetorical devices | a technique that an author or speaker uses to convey to the listener or reader a meaning with the goal of persuading him or her towards considering a topic from a different perspective | 135 | |
| 3822949081 | rhetorical modes | the variety, the conventions, and the purpose of the major kinds of writing; four most common of these include exposition, argumentation, description, and narration. | 136 | |
| 3822949082 | cause-effect | a relationship in which change in one variable causes change in another | 137 | |
| 3822949083 | compare-contrast | arranges sets of information according to how similar or different they are | 138 | |
| 3822949084 | definition | A method of informing that explains something by identifying its meaning | 139 | |
| 3822949085 | description/narration | Methods of discourse in which any careful detailing of a person, place, thing, or event is used. | 140 | |
| 3822949086 | division/classification | arrangement of ideas that either explains how parts relate to a whole OR establishes categories into which items can be sorted according to characteristics | 141 | |
| 3822949087 | persuasion | A form of argumentation, language intended to convince through appeals to reason or emotion | 142 | |
| 3822949088 | process analysis | A method of paragraph or essay development by which a writer explains step by step how something is done or how to do something. | 143 | |
| 3822949089 | sarcasm | From the Greek meaning "to tear flesh,"; involves bitter, caustic language that is meant to hurt or ridicule someone or something. It may use irony as a device; can be witty and insightful; when poorly done, it is simply cruel. | 144 | |
| 3822949090 | satire | A literary work that criticizes human misconduct and ridicules vices, stupidities, and follies. | 145 | |
| 3822949091 | scapegoat | A person or group that bears the blame for another | 146 | |
| 3822949092 | semantics | Meaning of words and sentences | 147 | |
| 3822949093 | slippery slope | Arguments suggest that one thing will lead to another, oftentimes with disastrous results | 148 | |
| 3822949094 | slogan | a phrase which expresses the purpose or nature of an organization; a motto; a catch phrase | 149 | |
| 3822949095 | stereotyping | An exaggeration of one characteristic, which becomes the "only" characteristic; strips person of complexity | 150 | |
| 3822949096 | straw man | a logical fallacy that involves the creation of an easily refutable position; misrepresenting, then attacking an opponent's position | 151 | |
| 3822949097 | structure | the way something is arranged or organized | 152 | |
| 3822949098 | style | A way of expressing something that is characteristic of a particular person or group of people or period. | 153 | |
| 3822949099 | syllepsis | A construction in which one word is used in two different senses ("After he threw the ball, he threw a fit.") | 154 | |
| 3822949100 | symbol | A thing that represents or stands for something else, especially a material object representing something abstract. | 155 | |
| 3822949101 | syntax | Sentence structure | 156 | |
| 3822949102 | anaphora | A rhetorical figure of repetition in which the same word or phrase is repeated in (and usually at the beginning of) successive lines, clauses, or sentences. | 157 | |
| 3822949103 | antecedent | A word, phrase, or clause to which a following pronoun refers. Ex: Iris tried, but she couldn't find the book. (Iris is the antecedent.) | 158 | |
| 3822949104 | appositive | A word or phrase that renames a noun or pronoun for emphasis or clarity; usually follows the noun to which it refers | 159 | |
| 3822949105 | asyndeton | Commas used (with no conjunction) to separate a series of words; parts are emphasized equally when the conjunction is omitted; in addition, the use of commas with no intervening conjunction speeds up the flow of the sentence; takes the form of X, Y, Z as opposed to X, Y, and Z. EX: Be one of the few, the proud, the Marines.; We shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardships, support any friend, oppose any foe to assure the survival and the success of liberty. | 160 | |
| 3822949106 | balanced sentence | The phrases or clauses balance each other by virtue of their likeness or structure, meaning, or length. Ex. "He maketh me to lie down in green pastures; he leadeth me beside the still waters." | 161 | |
| 3822949107 | chiasmus | A statement consisting of two parallel parts in which the second part is structurally reversed ("Susan walked in, and out rushed Mary.") | 162 | |
| 3822949108 | clause | (grammar) an expression including a subject and predicate but not constituting a complete sentence | 163 | |
| 3822949109 | complex sentence | A sentence with one independent clause and at least one dependent clause | 164 | |
| 3822949110 | complement | A word or word group that completes the predicate in a sentence. | 165 | |
| 3822949111 | compound sentence | A sentence that contains at least two independent clauses but no dependent clauses. | 166 | |
| 3822949112 | compound-complex sentence | A sentence with two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses. | 167 | |
| 3822949113 | cumulative sentence | A sentence in which the main independent clause is elaborated by the successive addition of modifying clauses or phrases (main clause is at the beginning) | 168 | |
| 3822949114 | declarative sentence | A sentence that makes a statement or declaration. | 169 | |
| 3822949115 | ellipsis | Leaving out elements of a sentence; indicated by 3 periods. | 170 | |
| 3822949116 | exclamatory sentence | A sentence expressing strong feeling, usually punctuated with an exclamation mark. | 171 | |
| 3822949117 | imperative sentence | A sentence that gives a command or makes a request. | 172 | |
| 3822949118 | independent clause | A clause that can stand alone as a sentence. | 173 | |
| 3822949119 | interrogative | A sentence that asks a question. | 174 | |
| 3822949120 | inverted sentence | A sentence in which the subject follows the verb. | 175 | |
| 3822949121 | object complement | follows a direct object and describes or identifies it by answering the question "what?"; can be adjectives, nouns, or pronouns | 176 | |
| 3822949122 | parallel structure | the repetition of words or phrases that have similar grammatical structures | 177 | |
| 3822949123 | periodic sentence | A sentence that presents its central meaning in a main clause at the end. The independent clause is preceded by a phrase or clause that cannot stand alone. The effect is to add emphasis and structural variety. | 178 | |
| 3822949124 | predicate adjective | An adjective that follows a linking verb and describes the subject. | 179 | |
| 3822949125 | predicate nominative | A noun or pronoun that follows a linking verb and renames or identifies the subject. | 180 | |
| 3822949126 | rhetorical question | A question asked merely for rhetorical effect and not requiring an answer. | 181 | |
| 3822949127 | scheme | A pattern of words or sentence construction used for rhetorical effect. | 182 | |
| 3822949128 | sentence length | Sentences may be long, complex, and elaborate, or short and simple. Variety adds effect or emphasis. | 183 | |
| 3822949129 | simple sentence | A sentence consisting of one independent clause and no dependent clause. | 184 | |
| 3822949130 | solecism | grammatical mistake; blunder in speech | 185 | |
| 3822949131 | subject complement | is a word or group of words that follows a linking verb and renames or describes the subject | 186 | |
| 3822949132 | subordinate clause | A clause in a complex sentence that cannot stand alone as a complete sentence and that functions within the sentence as a noun or adjective or adverb. | 187 | |
| 3822949133 | testimonial | when an important person or famous figure endorses a product | 188 | |
| 3822949134 | theme | central idea of a work of literature | 189 | |
| 3822949135 | thesis | In expository writing, the this is the sentence or a group of sentences that directly expresses the author's opinion, purpose, meaning, or position. Expository writing is usually judged by analyzing how accurately, effectively, and thoroughly a writer has proved the thesis. | 190 | |
| 3822949136 | tone | attitudes and presuppositions of the author that are revealed by their linguistic choices (diction, syntax, rhetorical devices) | 191 | |
| 3822949137 | transfer | associating a person or idea with something everyone thinks is good | 192 | |
| 3822949138 | trope | A figure of speech using words in non-literal ways, such as a metaphor | 193 | |
| 3822949139 | virtue words | words in the value system of the target audience which tend to produce a positive image when attached to a person or issue. EX- peace | 194 | |
| 3822949140 | voice | a writer's distinctive use of language that conveys a distinct personality | 195 | |
| 3822949141 | warrants | assumptions that act as links between the evidence and the claim | 196 | |
| 3822949142 | weasel words | terms or phrases intended to mislead listeners by implying something that they don't actually say | 197 | |
| 3822949143 | wit | an ability to say or write things that are clever and usually funny | 198 | |
| 3822949144 | zeugma | A minor device in which two or more elements in a sentence are tied together by the same verb or noun; are especially acute if the noun or verb does not have the exact same meaning in both parts of the sentence. "She dashed his hopes and out of his life when she waked through the door." | 199 |
