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AP Language Terms Flashcards

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9180888896AnalogyExplaining something complex by comparing it to something more simple.0
9180892574ArgumentThe combination of reasons, evidence, etc that an author uses to convince an audience of their point1
9180910769Aristotelian/Rhetorical AppealsThree different methods of appealing to an audience to convince them: logos, ethos, and pathos.2
9180925395AttitudeThe writer's personal views or feelings about the subjects at hand.3
9180933836Compare and ContrastDiscussing the similarities and differences between two things to some persuasive or illustrative purpose.4
9180955783ConnotationThe implied meaning of a word. Could be broadly negative, positive or neutral.5
9180977962ContextThe extra-textual environment in which the text is being delivered.6
9180993005CounterargumentThe argument against the author's position.7
9180999206Deductive ReasoningA form of logical reasoning wherein a general principle is applied to a specific case.8
9181403677DenotationThe literal, dictionary-definition meaning of a word.9
9181412368DictionThe style of language used; generally tailored to be appropriate to the audience and situation.10
9181421474EthosSetting up a source as credible and trustworthy.11
9181423846EvidenceThe information presented meant to persuade the audience of the author's position.12
9181431540Figurative LanguageThe use of language in a non-literal way; i.e. metaphor, simile, etc.13
9181440016GenreThe specific type of work being presented.14
9181445525ImageryAny descriptive language used to evoke a vivid sense or image of something; includes figurative language.15
9181453964ImplicationWhen something is suggested without being concretely stated.16
9181461083Inductive ReasoningMaking a generalization based on specific evidence at hand.17
9181467156IronyAt the most basic sense, saying the opposite of what you mean; also used to describe the situations in which the results of an act are dramatically different than intended.18
9181480625JuxtapositionPlacing two very different things together for effect.19
9181489867LogosAppealing to someone's sense of concrete facts and logic.20
9181495017OccasionThe reason or moment for writing and speaking.21
9181500565OrganizationHow the different parts of an argument are arranged in a piece of writing or speech.22
9181515105PathosAppeal to someone's emotion.23
9181529532PurposeThe author's persuasive intention.24
9181532712RepetitionRe-using a word or phase multiple times for emphasis or effect.25
9181545387RhetoricThe use of spoken or written word (or a visual medium) to convey your ideas and convince an audience.26
9181561126Rhetorical TriangleThe relationship between the author, the audience, the text/message and the context.27
9181612479SpeakerThe persona adopted by the author to deliver his or her message; may or may not actually be the same person as the author.28
9181625006StyleThe author's own personal approach to rhetoric in the piece; similar to voice.29
9181637453SymbolismUsing a symbol to refer to an idea or concept.30
9181651282SyntaxThe way sentences are grammatically constructed.31
9181653393SynthesisCombining sources or ideas in a coherent way in the purpose of a larger point..32
9181660999ThemesOverarching ideas or driving premises of work.33
9181665950ToneThe use of stylistic devices to reveal an author's attitude toward a subject.34
9181674972VoiceAn author's unique sound. Similar to style.35
9181682652AlliterationUsing words with the same first letter repeatedly close together in a phrase or sentence.36
9181690330AllusionMaking a brief reference to the cultural canon e.g. the Bible, classical mythology, Shakespeare etc.37
9181700995AnecdoteOffering a brief narrative episode.38
9181896550AudienceWho the author is directing his/her message to.39
9181712148ConcessionAgreeing with the opposing viewpoint on a certain smaller point (but not in a larger argument).40
9181721166DidacticA text with an instructive purpose, often moral.41
9181728046EuphemismReferring to something with a veiled phrase instead of saying it directly.42
9181746713ExemplificationProviding examples in service of a point.43
9181749345HyperboleOverstating a situation for humorous or dramatic effect.44
9181755697IdiomA commonly used phrase that signifies something very different than its literal meaning e.g. at the drop of a hat.45
9181785341OnomatopoeiaUsing word that sounds the same as its meaning e.g. crackle.46
9181802691ParadoxA phrase or assertion that appears to contradict itself (but the contradiction itself may have its own meeting).47
9181826416ParallelismRepeated structural elements in a sentence.48
9181926303ParodyUsing the form of something to mimic and make fun of it.49
9181818914PersonificationGiving human characteristics to a nonhuman subject or idea.50
9181835341SarcasmMockingly stating the opposite of what you mean. Easier to convey in the spoken word than via writing.51
9181848199SatireA genre of humorous or mocking criticism to expose the ignorance and/or ills of society.52
9181859573SynecdocheReferring to one part of something as a way to refer to the whole.53
9181871120UnderstatementDeliberately minimizing something usually for humorous effect.54

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