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AP Literature Biblical Allusions Flashcards

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3676615953Abraham and Issacthe first two patriarchs of the Old Testament. Go made a covenant with Abraham, telling him to leave his own country and promising to give his family (the Hebrews) the land of Canaan. God tested Abraham by telling him to sacrifice his son, Isaac, as a burnt offering. Abraham obeyed, but before he sacrificed Isaac, an Angel told him to spare his son as he had proven his faith.0
3676616750Alpha and Omegathe beginning and the end, from a quote in the Revelations in the New Testament.1
3676616751Apostlesthe 12 men chosen by Jesus to follow him and spread the gospel after his death. Generally, a person who preaches or promote a cause.2
3676617177Armageddona destructive confrontation; in the Book of Revelation, the site of the final battle between good and evil.3
3676617782Babel, Tower ofIn the Book of Genesis, the tower the the descendants of Noah built. They intended that the tower would reach heaven and make them more like God. God prevented them from completing the tower by confusing their language so they could not understand one another. "Babel" (babble) is confusion and noise.4
3676617783Babylonany place of sin and confusion; during the Babylonian captivity, the Jews were exiled to Babylon, which they found luxurious and corrupt.5
3676618498Burning Bushin the Book of Exodus, God revealed himself to Moses, telling him that he must go to the Pharaoh, free the Israelites from slavery, and deliver them to the promised Land. It was considered a miracle because "the bush burned with fire and the bush was not consume." Speaking out of the bush, God said "I Am That I Am" in reply to Moses' inquiry about His name.6
3676618499Caina brother who kills a brother; from the story of Adam and Eve's son Cain, who killed his brother Abel out of jealousy.7
3676619607Cast not pearls before swineto share something of value with someone who will not appreciate it; from the Sermon on the Mount, suggesting that the followers of Jesus should pass his message to those most likely receive it.8
3676620118Chapter and versemethod of locating passages in the Bible; "quoting chapter and verse"generally means giving evidence for something.9
3676620864Coat of many colorsthe special coat that Jacob gave to his son, Joseph; it made his other sons jealous and resentful.10
3676621665Consider the lilies of the fieldword of Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount, encouraging his followers not to worry about their worldly needs or possessions.11
3676621666Crown of thornssomething that causes intense suffering; a mock crown, made of thorn branches, that Roman soldiers put on the head of Jesus before the crucifixion.12
3676622065Danielone known for wisdom and accurate judgement; from a wise leader in the Old Testament who was able to read the handwriting on the wall (during the Babylonian captivity). Daniel was thrown in a lion's den to be devoured when he refused to stop praying to his God, but an Angel came to help him and he was unharmed.13
3676622066Doubting Thomassomeone who demands evidence to be convinced, especially when the demand is out of place; an Apostle who first doubted the resurrection of Jesus and then believed. Not present when Jesus appeared alive to his disciples after his resurrection, Thomas said he would only believe Jesus was alive if he saw him with his own eyes and touched his wounds with his own hands.14
3676622655Exodusa departure; from the second book of the Old Testament, describing the departure of the Israelites from slavery in Egypt. Moses led them out of Egypt, but they were cursed to wander the desert for 40 years because of their complaining and lack of faith.15
3676622656Eye of the Needlea very difficult task; from famous narrow gateway called "the needle". In the New Testament, Jesus said it was easier for a camel to go through the eye of the needle than for a rich man to enter heaven.16
3676623278Filthy Lucremoney or profits; from a story in the New Testament of Jesus casting moneylenders out of the Temple.17
3676623279Forbidden Fruitanything that is tempting but potentially dangerous, often associated with sexuality; the fruit of the Tree of Knowledge of Good and Evil in the Garden of Eden, often pictured as an apple.18
3676623804Four HorsemenFour figures in the Book of Revelation who symbolize the evils to come at the end of the world. The figure representing conquest rides a white horse; war, a red horse; famine, a black horse; and plague, a pale horse. Also called, Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse.19
3676624146Golden calfany false god or something worshipped undeservedly; in Exodus, an idol that the Israelites made while God was handing down the law of Moses. When Moses arrived with the stone tablets on which the Ten Commandments were written, he saw the golden idol, smashed the tablets and made the people destroy the idol.20
3676624558Good Samaritansomeone who helps another person, perhaps someone of a different race or background; from a New Testament parable about a Samaritan, a traditional enemy of the Hebrews, who stopped to help a Jewish man who had been beaten and left for dead at the side of the road.21
3676624559Handwriting on the wallwhat the future holds; from the Old Testament story of Daniel, who was able to accurately predict some mysterious writing that appeared on the wall (translated, it predicted the imminent death of the king).22
3676625506Isaacson of Abraham and father of Jacob and Esau; Isaac is the son that Abraham was ready to sacrifice at God's request.23
3676625507Ishmaelone who is cast out as being unworthy; the son of Abraham and his handmaiden Hagar, Ishmael was cast out into the desert when Abraham's wife Sarah had their son Isaac; therefore, Ishmael is said to be the ancestor of the nomadic desert tribes of Arabs.24
3676625866Jacobgrandson of Abraham, son of Isaac and Rebekah, brother of Esau, and the traditional ancestor of the Israelites. His name was changed to Israel, and his 12 sons became the 12 Tribes of Israel. His brother, Esau, should have inherited the covenant with God as Abraham's eldest son, but he traded his brightest to Jacob for a "mess of pottage."25
3676625867Jacob's Laddera ladder that Jacob saw in a dream. He had a vision of the angels of God ascending and descending a ladder that extended from heaven to earth. God, who stood at the top, promised to bless Jacob and his offspring and bring them into the Promised Land.26
3676626250Jobone who suffers a great deal but remains faithful; from an Old Testament figure whose faith in God was tested by Satan;though God lost his family and belongings, he remained patient and faithful.27
3676626797Job comforters"friends" who try to comfort another person but actually make them worse. Ironically Job's "comforters" didn't comfort at all but were the source of more affliction28
3676626798Judasa traitor; one of the 12 Apostles, notorious for betraying Jesus. His surname in Latin means "murderer" or "assassin." Judas disclosed Jesus' whereabouts to the chief priests and elders for thirty pieces of silver.29
3676627479Judge not lest ye be judgeda command of Jesus in his Sermon on the Mount; suggests that since all people are sinners, no one is worthy to condemn another.30
3676628072King Ahab and Jezebelan evil king of Israel and his treacherous wife, synonymous today with evil. Through her marriage to Ahab, Jezebel introduced the worship of Baal, an idol, to Israel, inciting mutual enmity with the prophets. She instigated the murder of Naboth for the possession of a vineyard. Today, "Jezebel" means a brazen or forward woman.31
3676628073Lamb of Goda Christian term for Jesus, first used by John the Baptist. It carries out the image of the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus as a sacrifice: a lamb was killed for the Jewish Passover, and Jesus himself is the lamb for the New Passover.32
3676628696Land of milk and honeyany place of great abundance: in the Old Testament, a poetic name for the Promised Land.33
3676628697Lazarussomeone who makes a comeback from obscurity; in the Gospel of John, a man brought back to life by Jesus after being in a tomb for four days.34
3676629181Loaves and fishesa miracle that Jesus performed, taking five loaves and two fishes, and multiplying them in order to feed a crowd of thousands. When he was finished, and everyone had eaten, it was said that 12 baskets of food remained.35
3676629604Lot's wifein the Book of Genesis, God's angels were destroying the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah, but they chose to spare Lot and his family. The angels commanded them to flee without looking back; Lot's wife disobeyed and was turned to a pillar of salt.36
3676629981Mammonmoney; wealth that some worship as a god.37
3676629982Mannaa sustaining life-giving source or food; from the sweetish bread-like food that fell from heaven for the Israelites as they crossed the Sinai Desert to the Promised Land with Moses.38
3676630710Methuselahan extremely old person; according to the Book of Genesis, he was the grandfather of Noah and lived to be 969 years old.39
3676630711MosesBorn in Egypt during the Babylonian captivity. When Moses was an infant, the Pharaoh ordered all male children of the Hebrews to be killed. His mother placed him in a boat of reeds and hid him in a marsh where he was found and adopted by the daughter of the Pharaoh. Moses received the Ten Commandments and led the Israelites to the Promised Land.40
3676630714Olive Brancha sign of piece; the branch brought to Noah's Ark by a dove to signify that the Flood was receding.41
3676631623Pearl of Great Pricesomething so precious that one would devote everything to or give up everything for it. In one of Jesus' parables, the kingdom of heaven is compared to a pearl of great price, or value, found by a merchant.42
3676631624Philistinea person indifferent or hostile to the arts and refinement; from sea-going people from Crete who became enemies of the Israelites and fought over their lands.43
3676632155Plagues of Egyptthe set of disasters that God inflicted on Egypt before Moses led to Israelites to the Promised Land. The plagues included swarms of locusts, hordes of frogs, and a scourge of boils. After the tenth plague, when the angel of death killed every Egyptian firstborn male child, the Pharaoh freed the Israelites.44
3676632740Pontius Pilatethe governor of the Jews at the time of Jesus' crucifixion; according to the Gospels, Pilate did not think that Jesus was guilty and wanted to spare his life, but under pressure from the crowd, he sentenced him to death, washing his hands to indicate his lack of responsibility in Jesus' faith.45
3676634182Prodigal Sona wasteful son who disappoints his father; from the New Testament parable of a man with two sons who split the estate between the two - the younger son gathered his fortune and left home to live the wild life, while the older son stayed home to work in the fields. When the younger son spent all of the money, he came crawling back to his father, who accepted him, pardoning his error by saying he was "lost but was found."46
3676634822Road of Damascusa sudden turning point in someone's life; the Apostle Paul (then known as Saul) fell from his horse, saw a dazzling light, and heard a voice that made him undergo a dramatic conversion.47
3676634823Salt of the Eartha person of admirable character; words of Jesus in the Sermon on the Mount, implies that if people lose their dedication to the Gospel, no one can give it to them.48
3676635859Samson and DelilahSamson, an Israelite hero and legendary warrior with extraordinary physical strength, fell in love with Delilah, a Philistine. When Delilah learned that Samson's hair was the source of his strength, she betrayed him by accepting a Philistine bride to cut off his hair while he slept. Today the name Delilah is associated with a voluptuous, treacherous woman.49
3676635860Scapegoatone that is made an object of blame for others; the goat was symbolically burdened with the sins of Jewish people and thrown over a precipice outside of Jerusalem to rid the nation of iniquities.50
3676636561Sepulchera tomb in the Old Testament.51
3676637067Sodom and Gomorrahany place associated with wickedness or sin; from the evil cities of the Old Testament that were destroyed by fire.52
3676639379Thirty pieces of silveranything paid for a treacherous act; "blood money"; the money Judas Iscariot received for betraying Jesus to the authorities.53

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