The Earth and It's Peoples
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| 5303563641 | Papacy | The central administration of the Roman Catholic Church, of which the pope is the head. | 0 | |
| 5303563642 | Indulgence | The forgiveness of the punishment due for past sins, granted by the Catholic Church authority as a reward for a pious acts. Martin Luther's protest against the sale of indulgences is often seen as touching off the Protestant Reformation. | 1 | |
| 5303563643 | Protestant Reformation | Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian Church beginning in 1519. It resulted in the "protesters" forming several new Christian denominations, including the Lutheran and Reform Churchs and the Church of England. | 2 | |
| 5303563644 | Catholic Reformation | Religious reform movement within the Latin Christian church, we got in response to the protestant reefer mission. I clarified Catholic theology and her form clerical training and discipline. | 3 | |
| 5303563645 | Enlightenment | A philosophical belief system eighteenth-century Europe that claimed that one could reform society by discovering rational laws that govern social behavior and we're just a scientific as the laws of physics. | 4 | |
| 5303563646 | Gentry | In China, the class a prosperous families, next in wealth below the rural aristocrats, from which the emperors drew their administrative personnel. Respected for their education and expertise, these officials became a privileged group and made the government more efficent and responsive but in the past the term gentry also to notes the class of landholding families in England below the Aristocracy. | 5 | |
| 5303563647 | Scientific Revolution | The intellectual movement in Europe, initially associated with planetary motion and other aspects of physics, that by the seventeenth century had laid the groundwork for modern science. | 6 | |
| 5303563648 | Bourgeoisie | In early modern Europe, the class a well-off town dwellers who's wellbeing came from manufacturing, finance, commerce, and allied professions. | 7 | |
| 5303563649 | Joint-stock company | A business, often backed by a government charter, that sold shares to individuals to raise money for its trading enterprises and to spread the risks (and profits) among many investors. | 8 | |
| 5303563650 | Little Ice Age | A century-long period of cool climate that began in the 1590.s It's ill effects on agriculture in northern Europe were notable. | 9 | |
| 5303563651 | Holy Roman Empire | Loose federation of mostly German states and principalities, headed by an emperor elected by the princes. It lasted from 962 to 1806 | 10 | |
| 5303563652 | Habsburg | Powerful European family that provided many Holy Roman Emperors, founded the Austrian (later Austro-Hungarian) Empire, and ruled sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Spain. | 11 | |
| 5303563653 | English Civil War | 1642-1649; A conflict over Royals versus parliamentary rights, caused by King Charles I's arrest of his parliamentary critics and ending with his execution. Its outcome check the growth of royal absolutism and, the glorious Revolution of 1688 and the English Bill of Rights of 1689, ensured that England would be a constitutional monarchy. | 12 | |
| 5303563654 | Versailles | The huge palace built for French king Louis XIV south of Paris in the town of the same name. The palace symbolized the preeminence of French power and architecture in Europe and the triumph of royal authority over the French nobility. | 13 | |
| 5303563655 | Balance of Power | The policy in international relations by which, beginning in the eighteenth century, the major European states acted together to prevent anyone of them from becoming too powerful. | 14 |
