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AP Statistics (Chapter 1) Flashcards

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10408529848VariablesCharacteristic of an individual0
10408529849Categorical VariablePlaces individual into a category1
10408529850Quantitative VariableTakes numerical values for which it makes sense to find an average2
10408529851Frequency TableTable of counts3
10408529852Relative Frequency TableDisplays percents4
10408529853Bar Graph- Label axes - Title graph - Scale axes appropriately - Each bar should correspond to the appropriate count - Leave room between bars5
10408529854Pie Chart- Include all the categories that make up the whole - Counts will be percentages6
10408529855ShapeSymmetric, skewed7
10408529856Measures of CenterMean, Median8
10408529857Mean- Most common measure of center - Arithmetic average9
10408529858Median- Midpoint of a distribution10
10408529859SpreadRange, IQR11
10408529860IQRThe middle 50%12
10408529861IQR EquationQ3 - Q113
10408529862Outlier EquationLess than Q1 - 1.5IQR Higher than Q3 + 1.5IQR14
10408529863Dotplot- Only need to properly label horizontal axis - Title - Each dot represents a count of 1 - Works well with a small data set15
10408529864Stemplot- Separate each piece of data into a "stem" and a "lead" - Write the stems vertically in increasing order from top to bottom - Write the leaves in increasing order out from the stem - Be very neat and leave the same amount of space between leaves - Title the graph - Include a key identifying what the stem and leaves represent - Works well with a small data set16
10408529865Histogram- Most common graph of a quantitative variable - The x-axis is continuous, no gaps between bars - Title the graph - Divide the range of data into classes of equal width - Label and scale the axes17
10408529866Five-Number SummaryMinimum, Q1, Median, Q3, Maximum18
10408529867Boxplot- Drawn from Q1 to Q3 - Line in the middle marks the median - Lines extend from the box to the smallest and largest observations that aren't outliers19
10408529868Standard Deviation- Find the distance of each observation from the mean - Square each of these distances - Average the distances by dividing their sum by n-1 - Take the square roon20
10408529869Round-off ErrorThe error from rounding decimals21
10408529870When describing the overall pattern of a distribution, you must address...- Center - Shape - Spread - Outliers22
10408529877Dotplot23
10408529878Histogram24
10408529879Bar Graph25
10408529880Frequency Table26
10408529881Relative Frequency Table27
10408529882Symmetric28
10408529883Skewed Right29
10408529884Skewed Left30
10408529885Pie Chart31
10408529886Segmented Bar Graph32
10408529887Two-Way Table33
10408529888Back-to-Back Stemplot34
10408529889Boxplot35
10408529871Is the mean sensitive to outliers?The mean is sensitive to outliers.36
10408529872If a distribution is skewed, use this measure of centerMedian37
10408529873Is the median sensitive to outliers?The median is not sensitive to outliers.38
10408529874If a distribution is exactly symmetric, the median and mean will beExactly the same39
10408529875If the distribution is skewed left, the mean willFall to the left40
10408529876If the distribution is skewed right, the mean willFall to the right41

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