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| 6019540650 | Alexander II | Reforming czar who emancipated the serfs and introduced some measure of representative local government during 1855 to 1881 | 0 | |
| 6019543387 | Battle of Plassy | Battle in 1757 between troops of the British East India Company and an Indian army under Siraj ud-daula, ruler of Bengal; British victory resulted in control of northern India | 1 | |
| 6019543388 | Benito Juarez | Indian governor of state of Oaxaca in Mexico; leader of liberal rebellion against Santa Anna; liberal government defeated by French intervention under Emperor Napoleon III of France and establishment of Mexican Empire under Maximillian; restored to power in 1867 until his death in 1872 | 2 | |
| 6019543389 | Boers | Farmers; the descendants of the Dutch immigrants in South Africa | 3 | |
| 6019543390 | British Raj | British political establishment in India; developed as a result of the rivalry between France and Britain in India | 4 | |
| 6019544887 | Caudillo | Independent leaders who dominated local areas by force in defiance of national policies; sometimes seized national governments to impose their concept of rule; typical throughout newly independent countries of Latin America | 5 | |
| 6019544888 | Congress of Vienna | Meeting in the aftermath of Napoleonic Wars (1815) to restore political stability in Europe and settle diplomatic issues | 6 | |
| 6019544889 | Count Cavour | Italian citizen who supported industrial development and extended the powers of the parliament to please liberal forces | 7 | |
| 6019544890 | Crimean War | 19th century war between the Ottomans and Russia. France, Britain, and Italians helped the Ottomans to defeat Russia but it proved the growing weakness of the Ottoman Empire | 8 | |
| 6019546158 | Diet | Japanese parliament established as part of the constitution of 1889; able to advise government but not control it | 9 | |
| 6019546159 | Duma | The elected parliament; though through establishing this seemed like the Czar was giving his people power, when in reality he could easily get rid of this if they made any laws or rules that he didn't like. | 10 | |
| 6019782993 | Emancipation | The document that ended serfdom in Russia; courtesy of local Trump supporter Jackson Larson ;) | 11 | |
| 6019546161 | Father Hidalgo | Mexican priest who established independence movement among American Indians and mestizos in 1810; despite early victories, was captured and executed | 12 | |
| 6019548254 | Jose de San Martin | A leader of the struggle for independence in southern South Argentina | 13 | |
| 6019548255 | Karl Marx | German socialist who blasted earlier socialist movements as utopian; saw history as defined by class struggle between groups out of power and those controlling the means of production; preached necessity of social revolution to create proletarian dictatorship | 14 | |
| 6019548256 | Khedive | The Ottoman ruler of Egypt; the modern equivalent of a king | 15 | |
| 6019548257 | Louis XVI | Bourbon monarch of France who was executed during the radical phase of the French revolution | 16 | |
| 6019551490 | Mahdi | In Sufi belief system, a promise deliverer; also a name given to Muhammad Achmad, leader of late 19th century revolt against Egyptians and British in the Sudan | 17 | |
| 6019551491 | Mamluks | Turkic military slaves who formed part of the army of the Abbasid Caliphate in the ninth and tenth centuries; they founded their own state in Egypt and Syria from the thirteenth to the early sixteenth centuries | 18 | |
| 6019551492 | Maori | Indigenous Polynesian people that originated with settlers who arrived in New Zealand | 19 | |
| 6019552999 | Matthew Perry | A commodore in the American navy; forced Japan into opening its doors to trade, thus bringing western influence to Japan | 20 | |
| 6019555816 | Maximilian of Austria | Following the intervention of France in 1862, this emperor ruled until overthrow and execution by liberal revolutionaries under Benito Juarez in 1867 | 21 | |
| 6019555817 | Maximilien Robespierre | Leader of the radical phase and a classic example of a revolutionary idealogue | 22 | |
| 6019557376 | Monroe Doctrine | American declaration stated in 1823; established that any attempt of a European country to colonize in the Americas would be considered an unfriendly act by the United States; supported by Great Britain as a means of opening Latin America trade | 23 | |
| 6019557377 | Muhammad Ali | Leader of Egyptian modernization in the early nineteenth century and ruled Egypt as an Ottoman governor, but had imperial ambitions; his descendants ruled Egypt until becoming overthrown in 1952 | 24 | |
| 6019559695 | Napoleon Bonaparte | Rose within the French army during the wars of the French revolution; eventually became general; led a coup that ended the French revolution; established French Empire under his rule; defeated and deposed in 1815 | 25 | |
| 6019559696 | Nicholas I | Last tsar of Russia, he went to the front-lines in WWI to try to rally the troops, but was forced to abdicate after his wife made horrible decisions under the influence of Rasputin | 26 | |
| 6019559725 | Opium War | War between Britain and the Qing Empire that was, in the British view, occasioned by the Qing government's refusal to permit the importation of opium into its territories; the victorious British imposed the one-sided Treaty of Nanking on China | 27 | |
| 6019562279 | Otto von Bismarck | Prussian prime minister who began to work with the parliament and extend the vote to all men | 28 | |
| 6019562280 | Panama Canal | An aspect of American intervention in Latin America; resulted from United States for a Panamanian independence movement in return for a grant to exclusive rights to a canal across the Panama isthmus; provided short route between Atlantic and Pacific Oceans; completed in 1914 | 29 | |
| 6019562281 | Qing Dynasty | The last imperial dynasty of China which was overthrown by revolutionaries; was ruled by the Manchu people; began to isolate themselves from Western culture | 30 | |
| 6019562282 | Reign of Terror | Event where the radicals executed several thousand opponents; by later standards, it would be considered a mild outcome | 31 | |
| 6019564107 | Robert Clive | Architect of British victory at Plassy in 1757; established foundations of British Raj in northern India in the 18th century | 32 | |
| 6019564108 | Romanticism | Artistic and literary movement of the 19th century in Europe; held that emotion and impression, not reason, were the keys to the mysteries of human experience and nature; sought to portray passions, not calm reflection | 33 | |
| 6019564109 | Santa Anna | Seized power in Mexico after collapse of empire of Mexico in 1824; after brief reign of liberals, seized power in 1835 as caudillo; defeated by Texans in war for independence in 1836; defeated by United States in Mexican-American War in 1848; unseated by liberal rebellion in 1854 | 34 | |
| 6019564110 | Sepoys | Troops that served the British East India Company; recruited from various warlike peoples of India | 35 | |
| 6019566327 | Settlement Colony | Areas, such as North America and Australia, that were both conquered by European invaders and settled by large numbers of European migrants who made the colonized areas their permanent homes and dispersed and decimated the indigenous inhabitants | 36 | |
| 6019566328 | Simon Bolivar | Creole military officer in northern South America; won series of victories in Venezuela, Columbia, and Ecuador between 1817 and 1822; military success led to creation of independent state of Gran Colombia | 37 | |
| 6019566329 | Socialism | Political movement with origins in western Europe during the 19th century; urged an attack on private property in the name of equality; wanted state control of means of production; end to capitalist exploitation of the working man | 38 | |
| 6019566330 | Suez Canal | Egyptians with funding from France and later Britain created this major transportation project completed in 1869 | 39 | |
| 6019568529 | Sun Yat-sen | Chinese nationalist revolutionary, founder and leader of the Guomindang until his death; he attempted to create a liberal democratic political movement in China but was thwarted by military leaders | 40 | |
| 6019568530 | Tanzimat Reforms | Series of reforms in Ottoman Empire between 1839 and 1876; established Western-style university, state postal system, railways, and extensive legal reforms; resulted in creation of new constitution in 1876 | 41 | |
| 6019570652 | Toussaint L'Ouverture | Leader of slave rebellion on the French sugar island of St. Dominique in 1791 that led to creation of independent republic of Haiti in 1804 | 42 | |
| 6019570653 | Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo | Agreement that ended the Mexican-American War; provided for loss of Texas and California to the United States; left legacy of distrust of the United States in Latin America | 43 | |
| 6019570672 | Triple Alliance | Alliance among Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy at the end of the 19th century; part of European alliance system and balance of power prior to World War I | 44 | |
| 6019573079 | Triple Entente | Alliance among Britain, Russia, and France at the outset of the 20th century; part of European alliance system and balance of power prior to World War I | 45 | |
| 6019573080 | Young Turks | A coalition starting in the late 1870s of various groups favoring modernist liberal reform of the Ottoman Empire; it was against monarchy of Ottoman Sultan and instead favored a constitution. In 1908 they succeed in establishing a new constitutional era | 46 | |
| 6019573081 | Zaibatsu | Large conglomerate corporations through which key elite families exerted a great deal of political and economic power in Imperial Japan; by WWII, four of them controlled most of the economy of Japan | 47 | |
| 6019573082 | Zemstvoes | Local political councils created as part of Alexander II's reforms; gave middle class professional experience in government but did not influence national policy | 48 | |
| 6019574592 | Zulus | Martial peoples who had the courage and discipline to face and defeat sizable British forces in conventional battles | 49 |
