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AP Literature Poetry Terms Flashcards

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6495445741Alliterationthe occurrence of the same letter or sound at the beginning of adjacent or closely connected words.0
6495445742Allusionan expression designed to call something to mind without mentioning it explicitly; an indirect or passing reference.1
6495449139Assonancein poetry, the repetition of the sound of a vowel or diphthong in nonrhyming stressed syllables near enough to each other for the echo to be discernible (e.g., penitence, reticence ).2
6495449140Ballada poem or song narrating a story in short stanzas. Traditional ballads are typically of unknown authorship, having been passed on orally from one generation to the next as part of the folk culture. Written in quatrains.3
6495451526Caesura(in modern verse) a pause near the middle of a line.4
6495456790Cosonancethe recurrence of similar sounds, especially consonants, in close proximity (chiefly as used in prosody).5
6495456791Couplettwo lines of verse, usually in the same meter and joined by rhyme, that form a unit.6
6495458833Dramatic Monologuea poem in the form of a speech or narrative by an imagined person, in which the speaker inadvertently reveals aspects of their character while describing a particular situation or series of events.7
6495458834Elegya sad poem, usually written to praise and express sorrow for someone who is dead.8
6495460855End-stopped linesa poetic device in which a pause comes at the end of a syntactic unit (sentence, clause or phrase); this pause can be expressed in writing as a punctuation mark such as a colon, semi-colon, period or full stop.9
6495460856Enjambment(in verse) the continuation of a sentence without a pause beyond the end of a line, couplet, or stanza.10
6495463856Free versepoetry that does not rhyme or have a regular meter.11
6495463857Hyperboleexaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally.12
6495463858Iamba metrical foot consisting of one short (or unstressed) syllable followed by one long (or stressed) syllable.13
6495465492Imageryvisually descriptive or figurative language, especially in a literary work.14
6495465493Kenninga conventional poetic phrase used for or in addition to the usual name of a person or thing, especially in Icelandic and Anglo-Saxon verse, as "a wave traveler" for "a boat.".15
6495465494Metaphora figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.16
6495467552Metera stressed and unstressed syllabic pattern in a verse or within the lines of a poem.17
6495467553Metonymythe substitution of the name of an attribute or adjunct for that of the thing meant, for example suit for business executive, or the track for horse racing.18
6495467554Odea lyric poem in the form of an address to a particular subject, often elevated in style or manner and written in varied or irregular meter.19
6495469514Paradoxa statement that is self contradictory because it often contains two statements that are both true, but in general, cannot both be true at the same time.20
6495469515Personificationthe attribution of a personal nature or human characteristics to something nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract quality in human form.21
6495474049Petrarchan/ Italian Sonneta sonnet consisting of an octave rhyming abba abba and a sestet rhyming in any of various patterns (as cde cde or cdc dcd)22
6495474050Quatraina stanza of four lines, especially one having alternate rhymes.23
6495476143Refraina verse, a line, a set, or a group of some lines that appears at the end of stanza, or appears where a poem divides into different sections.24
6495478831Rhymecorrespondence of sound between words or the endings of words, especially when these are used at the ends of lines of poetry.25
6495480569Slant Rhymea type of rhyme formed by words with similar but not identical sounds. In most instances, either the vowel segments are different while the consonants are identical, or vice versa.26
6495488657Approximate, Masculine Rhymewhen a poet keeps the same vowel sounds, but uses words with different ending consonant sounds. For example, 'grudge' and 'love'. The vowel sounds in these two words are the same, but the 'dg' sound is similar to, but not the exact same as, the 'v' sound.27
6495490413Feminine, Internal Rhymea rhyme between stressed syllables followed by one or more unstressed syllables (e.g., stocking / shocking, glamorous / amorous .).28
6495493079Shakespearean SonnetThe sonnet form composed of three quatrains and a terminal couplet in iambic pentameter with the rhyme pattern abab cdcd efef gg. Also called Elizabethan sonnet, English sonnet.29
6495493080Similea figure of speech involving the comparison of one thing with another thing of a different kind, used to make a description more emphatic or vivid (e.g., as brave as a lion, crazy like a fox ). Uses like or as.30
6495493081Sonneta poem of fourteen lines using any of a number of formal rhyme schemes, in English typically having ten syllables per line.31
6495495132Speakerthe voice behind the poem—the person we imagine to be saying the thing out loud.32
6495495133Symbolismthe use of symbols to signify ideas and qualities by giving them symbolic meanings that are different from their literal sense.33
6495497482SynechdocheA figure of speech in which a term for a part of something refers to the whole of something or vice versa.34
6495497483Synesthesiarefers to a technique adopted by writers to present ideas, characters or places in such a manner that they appeal to more than one senses like hearing, seeing, smell etc. at a given time.35
6495499334Terza Rimaan arrangement of triplets, especially in iambs, that rhyme aba bcb cdc, etc., as in Dante's Divine Comedy.36
6495499335Tercet, TripletA 3-lined stanza.37
6495501147ToneThe poet's attitude toward the poem's speaker, reader, and subject matter, as interpreted by the reader.38
6495501148Villanellea nineteen-line poem with two rhymes throughout, consisting of five tercets and a quatrain, with the first and third lines of the opening tercet recurring alternately at the end of the other tercets and with both repeated at the close of the concluding quatrain.39
6495504397Visual or concrete Poetrypoetry in which the meaning or effect is conveyed partly or wholly by visual means, using patterns of words or letters and other typographical devices.40

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