Terms : Hide Images
| 9176434534 | Black Codes | Laws passed throughout the South to restrict the rights of emancipated blacks, particularly with respect to negotiating labor contracts. Increased Northerners' criticisms of President Andrew Johnson's lenient Reconstruction policies. | 0 | |
| 9176442410 | 14th amendment | Constitutional amendment that extended civil rights to freedmen and prohibited states from taking away such rights without due process. | 1 | |
| 9176449714 | Freedmen's Bureau | Created to aid newly emancipated slaves by providing food, clothing, medical care, education, and legal support. Its achievements were uneven and depended largely on the quality of local administrators. | 2 | |
| 9176458265 | Sharecropping | Sharecropping was a system of work for freedmen who were employed in the cotton industry. This system traded a freedmen's labor for the use of a house, land, and sometimes further accommodations.They would usually give half or more of their grown crop to their landlords. After the Civil War, sharecropping was a widespread response to the economic upheaval caused by the emancipation of slaves and disenfranchisement of poor whites. Sharecropping helped to maintain the status quo between Blacks and Whites. | 3 | |
| 9176463770 | Crop-Lien system | In this system, Storekeepers granted credit until the farm was harvested. To protect the creditor, the storekeeper took a mortgage, or lien, on the tenant's share of the crop. The system was abused and uneducated blacks were taken advantage of. The result, for Blacks, was not unlike slavery. (a form of debt slavery) | 4 | |
| 9176478389 | Political Machines/Bosses | Tammany Hall, Boss Tweed, etc. political entities controlled by a boss that wielded enormous influence over the government of urban cities. | 5 | |
| 9176485718 | Boss Tweed | William Tweed, head of Tammany Hall, NYC's powerful Democratic political machine in 1868. Between 1868 and 1869 he led the Tweed Ring, a group of corrupt politicians in defrauding the city. He swindled $200 million from the city through bribery, graft, and vote buying, and those who protested had their taxes raised | 6 | |
| 9176494683 | Pendleton Act | Congressional legislation that established the Civil Service Commission, which granted federal government jobs on the basis of examinations instead of political patronage, thus ruining in the spoils system. | 7 | |
| 9176508478 | Andrew Carnegie | United States industrialist and philanthropist who endowed education and public libraries and research trusts | 8 | |
| 9176536199 | Vertical/Horizontal Integration | The practice perfected by Andrew Carnegie of controlling every step of the industrial production process in order to increase efficiency and limit competition. Horizontal Integration: The practice perfected by John D. Rockefeller of dominating a particular phase of the production process in order to monopolize a market, often by forming trusts and alliances with competitors. | 9 | |
| 9176544663 | Social Darwinism | Believers in the idea, popular in the late nineteenth century, that people gained wealth by "survival of the fittest." Therefore, the wealthy had simply won a natural competition and owed nothing to the poor, and indeed service to the poor would interfere with this organic process. Some Social Darwinists also applied this theory to whole nations and races, explaining that powerful peoples were naturally endowed with gifts that allowed them to gain superiority over others. This theory provided one of the popular justifications for U.S. imperial ventures like the Spanish-American War. | 10 | |
| 9176550230 | Populist Party (PLATFORM) | The people's party, or better known as the Populist Party, was formed after the dismantle of the farmers alliance | 11 | |
| 9176558960 | Prominent Immigrant Groups (Mid to late 19th Century) | Germans, Irish, Slovaks, Greeks, Poles, Southern and Eastern Europeans | 12 | |
| 9176569984 | Booker T. Washington | A former slave. Encouraged blacks to keep to themselves and focus on the daily tasks of survival, rather than leading a grand uprising. Believed that building a strong economic base was more critical at that time than planning an uprising or fighting for equal rights. Washington also stated in his famous "Atlanta Compromise" speech in 1895 that blacks had to accept segregation in the short term as they focused on economic gain to achieve political equality in the future. Served as important role models for later leaders of the civil rights movement. | 13 | |
| 9176577288 | Arguments for women's suffrage in the early 1900s | extension of cult of domesticity | 14 | |
| 9176585464 | Jane Addams (HULL HOUSE) | Jane Addams was middle class woman. The Hull House is a settlement house that she installed in a ghetto of Chicago. The house inspired many other like settlements across the country, while Addams spent her lifetime battling for garbage removal, playgrounds, better street lighting, and police protection. | 15 | |
| 9176593003 | Extermination of Buffalo | American settlers began to slaughter the buffalos out of amusement, for food, and to get them out of the way for construction, such as the railroads. | 16 | |
| 9176601061 | Dawes Act | An act that broke up Indian reservations and distributed land to individual households. The leftover land was sold for money to fund U.S. government efforts to "civilize" Native Americans. | 17 | |
| 9176654551 | Homestead Act | Act of 1862 that permitted any citizen or prospective citizen to claim 160 acres of public land and to purchase it for a small fee after living on it for five years. This was done to stimulate family farms in the west. | 18 | |
| 9176661901 | Imperialism (Arguments for and against it) | a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force. | 19 | |
| 9176667962 | Teller Amendment | A proviso to President William McKinley's war plans that proclaimed to the world that when the United States had overthrown Spanish misrule, it would give Cuba its freedom. The amendment testified to the ostensibly "anti-imperialist" designs of the initial war plans. | 20 | |
| 9176677841 | Acquisition of the Philippines | For: If the Americans left the Philippines to Spanish rule, the Spaniards may misrule the island. But If the Filipinos were left to govern themselves, they may fall into an anarchy rule, which could potentially allow other nations to seize a weak and vulnerable philippines. Against: Anti-Imperialist believed that the annexation violated "consent of the governed" philosophy stated in the Declaration of Independence, America would not garner and profits, and it would cause tension in east asia with China and Japan. | 21 | |
| 9176687985 | Muckrakers | This term applies to newspaper reporters and other writers who pointed out the social problems of the era of big business. The term was first given to them by Theodore Roosevelt. | 22 | |
| 9176923624 | The Jungle | Opened the public's eyes to the disgustingness of the meat industry as they were producing unsanitary food products. Roosevelt opened an investigation of the filthy slaughterhouses 9n Chicago and reports came back with grosser details of the slaughterhouses. Congress Passed the meat and inspection act and the pure food and drug act. | 23 | |
| 9177093222 | Theodore Roosevelt's domestic and foreign achievements | -Domestic: Square Deal (3 C's: conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection) -Progressive Reforms -Pennsylvania Coal Strike -Foreign: Speak softly, carry a big stick -Panama Canal | 24 | |
| 9177132419 | Woodrow Wilson's 14 points | -An end to all secret diplomacy -Freedom of the seas in peace and war -The reduction of trade barriers among nations -The general reduction of armaments -The adjustment of colonial claims in the interest of the inhabitants as well as of the colonial power -The evacuation of Russian Territory and the independence determination by Russia of its national policies -The restoration of Belgium -The evacuation of all French territory and return of Alsace-Lorraine -The readjustment of Italian Boundaries along clearly recognizable lines of nationality -Independence for various national groups in Austria- Hungary -The restoration of the Balkan Nations and free access to the seas for Serbia -Protection for minorities in Turkey and the free passage of the ships of all nations through the Dardanelles -Independence for Poland, including access to the seas -A general association of nations to protect "mutual guarantees of political independence and territorial integrity to great and small states alike" (League of Nations) | 25 | |
| 9177171131 | Reasons the U.S entered WW1 | -Zimmerman Note: Intercepted by the British, it revealed that Arthur Zimmerman had secretly proposed a German-Mexican alliance, and promised to recover Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona to Mexico. -German U-boats sank for unarmed American merchant vessels in the first two weeks of March. -Allies needed help as Russia withdrew from the war because of a revolution that toppled Tsars regime | 26 | |
| 9177189146 | League of Nations | A world organization of national governments proposed by President Woodrow Wilson and established by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. It worked to facilitate peaceful international cooperation. Despite emotional appeals by Wilson, isolationists' objections to the League created the major obstacle to American signing of the Treaty of Versailles. | 27 | |
| 9177192271 | Treaty of Versailles | World War I concluded with this vengeful document, which secured peace but imposed sharp terms on Germany and created a territorial mandate system to manage former colonies of the world powers. To Woodrow Wilson's chagrin, it incorporated very few of his original Fourteen Points, although it did include the League of Nations that Wilson had long sought. Isolationists in the United States, deeply opposed to the League, led the opposition to the treaty, which was never ratified by the Senate. | 28 | |
| 9177206075 | Life in the 1920s- Pros | Started off with a booming economy due to the spending, many gains for women's rights, the creation of automobiles, radios, and movies. Spectator sports were also out there, the Jazz Age, Harlem Renaissance, airplanes, as well as the emergence of integration cultures. | 29 | |
| 9177216638 | Life in the 1920s- Cons | Extreme corruption with government positions. Buying on credit which led to the Depression. Other causes of this were buying on speculation, and buying on margin. Other negatives include gangsters roaming the streets with innocent blood being shed and blood stained profits being made. Increased crime rates also occurred with the aid of prohibition. | 30 | |
| 9177223648 | 1920s boom to bust economy | Trading raised markets to unsteady peaks Harlem Renaissance: A creative outpouring among African American writers, jazz musicians, and social thinkers, centered around Harlem in the 1920s, that celebrated black culture and advocated for a "New Negro" in American social, political, and intellectual life. | 31 | |
| 9177226602 | Hawley-Smoot Tariff | Raised tariffs higher than they've ever been, closed off international trade and ultimately made the great depression worse. | 32 | |
| 9177228935 | Hoover policies during the Great Depression | Believed in the notion of rugged individualism, the idea that individuals should be able to help themselves out and that the government help from people should be minimal. Due to that, he did nothing at the beginning. But as soon as the depression become worse, he creates public works programs--Hoover Dam on the Colorado River--Created the Reconstruction Finance Corporation--a government agency that was designed to provide indirect relief by assisting insurance companies, banks, agricultural organizations, railroads, and even hard pressed state and local governments. | 33 | |
| 9177237196 | Causes of the Great Depression | -Overproduction: Both farms and factories were producing goods to the capacity that some may not buy such goods; too much money was also going into the hands of a few wealthy people who invested the money on themself instead of it going to wages and salaries, who could purchase such items -Credit (installment-plan buying): overstimulated production as well as caused people to go into debt. -Disasters: a terrible drought scorched the Mississippi Valley, many farms (thousands) were sold at auctions for taxes. | 34 | |
| 9177256987 | FDR: New Deal | -Major programs: CCC, TVA, NLRA, WPA, FHA, FDIC, SEC , AAA 1ST AND 2ND, Social Security Act | 35 | |
| 9177278031 | First Hundred Days | FDR administration stretching from March 9th to June 16th, 1933 when an unprecedented number of reform bills were passed by a democratic congress to launch the new deal. | 36 | |
| 9177283254 | Dust Bowl | This was an area in the central us where because of over farming, it created a layer of loose dusty topsoil that was difficult to farm in, and when the wind picked up this would turn into giant dust storms and sandstorms and it was bad, adding to the difficulties of the great depression. | 37 | |
| 9177287198 | Lend-Lease Act | Military aid to England & Russia *GUNS NOT SUNS* sent military supplies | 38 | |
| 9177291577 | WWII- U.S./Japanese conflict, major events | Motivation to wage war in U.S during WWII~ U.S placed an embargo on oil, Japan also wanted to become powerful and gain land so they thought fighting the U.S and "winning" would give them status. | 39 | |
| 9177297002 | Home Front | More united than we have ever been--especially after pearl harbor, Americans wanted to fight in the war. | 40 | |
| 9177303445 | African Americans | Still fighting in segregated units *this is the last segregated unit fought in double V campaign* ~Victory over Europe and over Segregation. Also had black pilots in this war (Tuskegee Airmen). Other blacks migrated North and West to fill the jobs of airplane making. | 41 | |
| 9177306763 | Manhattan Project | Secret project to develop atomic bomb (with the help of stolen German Scientists) | 42 | |
| 9177310498 | Axis Powers | Out of WWII orderly~ Italy, Germany, Japan (D-day-invasion of occupied France, V-E Day aka-Victory over Europe Day, and V-J Day aka- Victory over Japan Day) | 43 | |
| 9177314249 | George Kennan | American diplomat who authored the "containment doctrine" | 44 | |
| 9177317492 | Containment | Gotta do whatever it takes to contain the scourge of communism--foreign policy adopted by President Harry Truman in the late 1940s, in which the United States tried to stop the spread of communism by creating alliances and helping weak countries to resist Soviet advances. *Communism was a disease that had to be contained* | 45 | |
| 9177324526 | Berlin Airlift | The Allies were air lifting in supplies to West Berlin because East Germany had put a land blockade into place around Berlin and in between West and East Germany until both sides were like this is dumb. | 46 | |
| 9177327494 | Truman Doctrine | It pledged to provide U.S. military and economic aid to any nation threatened by communism. | 47 | |
| 9177332601 | "Iron Curtain" | From Churchill's speech talking about how eastern Europe was communist and western was not, and how there was a clear divide between the two, and how the US should do stuff about it. | 48 | |
| 9177337542 | Growth of post WWII suburbs | Post WWII- Urban sprawl, Baby boom, highways | 49 | |
| 9177341823 | Growth of Suburbs | Post WWII- urban sprawl, Baby Boom, Highways, booming economy and moving out of the cities with cars. | 50 | |
| 9177346893 | Domino Theory | This theorized that if Vietnam fell to communism, the other countries on that peninsula like Laos and Thailand would fall as well. Proven false. | 51 | |
| 9177350387 | Brown v. Board of Education | Trial that ended up desegregating public schools, even though it took a while for everyone to board the non racist bandwagon~ yeah no sh*t it took about 10 years with a military push to enforce it | 52 | |
| 9177356483 | Civil Rights Act of 1964 | This act made racial, religious, and sex discrimination by employers illegal and gave the government the power to enforce all laws governing civil rights, including desegregation of schools and public places.--Created EEOC (LBJ) | 53 | |
| 9177359449 | Civil Right Act of 1968 (LBJ) | Banned discrimination in public housing | 54 | |
| 9177364702 | Civil Rights Movement- Leaders- MLK, Malcolm X, Medgar Evers, Huey Newton | There was the Nonviolent movement (Influenced by Gandhi) with MLK and Medgar Evers, and the Black Panther (CARRIED GUNS, and didn't take bullshit from people) movement with Malcolm X and Huey Newton. | 55 | |
| 9177368285 | Cuban Missile Crisis | JFK- Naval quarantine of Cuba | 56 | |
| 9177371130 | Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (LBJ) | Congress gave president permission to go pew pew in Vietnam to fight the commies. Also allowed blank check and open door in Vietnam which was basically power to use all measures necessary. | 57 | |
| 9177374031 | LBJ- Great Society | -LBJ's domestic programs- Head Start (Preschool), War of Poverty (reducing/eliminating poverty), Medicare (old), Medicaid (poor) | 58 |
