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| 5148335179 | Articles of Confederation | placed the coercive powers to tax and regulate trade within the individual state governments, created a weak central government | 0 | |
| 5148335180 | Land Ordinance of 1785 | demanded that Western Territories be surveyed in six-mile-square townships before sale | 1 | |
| 5148337128 | Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | established governments for the West | 2 | |
| 5148340456 | Spain closes Mississippi to the Americas | in 1784, the Spanish closed the Mississippi River to commerce, blocking settlers living beyond the Appalachians from goods | 3 | |
| 5148346949 | economic issues under AOC | high amounts of debt after Revolutionary War, no federal authority to tax, and no federal authority to enforce American borders and trade rights | 4 | |
| 5149679842 | Shay's Rebellion | in 1786, Daniel Shays and his followers marched on Springfield to prevent the Massachusetts Supreme Court from meeting to prevent foreclosures. They were routed but still won some concessions | 5 | |
| 5149679843 | Annapolis Convention | 1786 convention in Maryland of all states to discuss common problems of commerce. Only five delegates appeared, so no changes were made | 6 | |
| 5149681919 | Constitutional Convention of 1787 | convention proposed by Alexander Hamilton to fix defects in Articles of Confederation. It eventually drafted the Constitution | 7 | |
| 5149681920 | Virginia Plan | a plan that supported representation based on state population that was drafted by James Madison and presented by Edmund Randolph | 8 | |
| 5149684131 | James Madison | drafted the Virginia plan, one of the authors of the Federalist Papers | 9 | |
| 5149684132 | Edmund Randolph | presented the Virginia Plan | 10 | |
| 5149686599 | New Jersey Plan | a plan that supported equal representation regardless of state population that was presented by William Paterson | 11 | |
| 5149686600 | William Paterson | presented the New Jersey Plan | 12 | |
| 5149686601 | Great Compromise | a bill would need to pass both the House of Representatives and Senate to become a law. The House of Representative would be based on population, while the Senate would grant two senators to each state | 13 | |
| 5149689347 | Three-Fifths Compromise | 3/5ths of a slave count towards taxation and representation purposes | 14 | |
| 5149691771 | Electoral College | a system for electing presidents, where states are granted electors based on their population | 15 | |
| 5149693458 | judicial review | courts can annul laws if they are against the Constitution | 16 | |
| 5149693459 | federalists | people who favored the Constitution | 17 | |
| 5149693460 | antifederalists | people who opposed the Constitution | 18 | |
| 5149695947 | Federalist Papers | a series of essays defending the Constitution | 19 | |
| 5149748087 | Alexander Hamilton | proposed the Constitutional Convention, one of the authors of the Federalist Papers | 20 |
