AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition, Chapter 28 Promise and Turmoil, The 1960s
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| 6343470260 | New Frontier | President Kennedy proposed new domestic programs such as aid to education, federal support of health care, urban renewal, and civil rights. These programs did not become law until many of them passed in the Lyndon Johnson administration. (p. 601) |  | 0 |
| 6343470269 | Bay of Pigs | In April 1961, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) trained Cuban exiles to attempt the invasion of Cuba and the overthrow of Fidel Castro. The invasion failed and Castro tightened his grip on Cuba. (p. 602) |  | 1 |
| 6343470272 | flexible response | President Kennedy increased spending on conventional arms and mobile military forces. This type of military force could be used in response to smaller wars in Africa and Southeast Asia and avoid the possibility of having to use nuclear weapons in these conflicts. (p. 603) |  | 2 |
| 6343470271 | Cuban missile crisis | In October 1962 the United States discovered that the Soviets were building underground offensive missile sites in Cuba. President Kennedy responded by announcing a naval blockade of Cuba until the missiles were removed. Nuclear war seemed possible until Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev agreed to remove the missiles in exchange for a pledge that the U.S. would not invade Cuba and the U.S. would remove some missiles from Turkey. (p. 602) |  | 3 |
| 6343470273 | Nuclear Test Ban Treaty | In 1963, the United States and 100 other nations signed this agreement to end the testing of nuclear weapons in the atmosphere. (p. 603) |  | 4 |
| 6343470275 | Great Society | President Lyndon Johnson was determined to expand the social reforms of the New Deal and passed a long list of new programs that would have a lasting effect on American society. (p. 604) |  | 5 |
| 6343470276 | War on Poverty | In 1964, President Johnson declared "an unconditional war on poverty". (p. 604) |  | 6 |
| 6343470280 | Medicare; Medicaid | This first program provides health insurance program for all people 65 years of age and older. This second program provides funds to states to pay for medical care for the poor and disabled. (p. 605) |  | 7 |
| 6343470286 | Rachel Carson, "Silent Spring" | Her 1962 book exposed the use of pesticides and would lead Congress to pass clean air and water laws. (p. 606) |  | 8 |
| 6343470290 | 24th Amendment | In 1964, this amendment abolished the practice of collecting a poll tax, one of the measures that discouraged poor people from voting. (p. 606) |  | 9 |
| 6343470291 | Voting Rights Act of 1965 | In 1965, this act ended literacy tests and provided federal registrars in areas in which blacks were kept from voting. (p. 606) |  | 10 |
| 6343470298 | Black Muslims | Their leader Elijah Muhammad preached black nationalism, separatism, and self-improvement. (p. 608) |  | 11 |
| 6343470299 | Malcom X | He acquired a reputation as the Black Muslim movement's most controversial voice. He criticized Martin Luther King as "an Uncle Tom" and advocated self-defense against white violence. (p. 608) |  | 12 |
| 6343470301 | Congress of Racial Equality | This civil rights organization of young blacks was influenced by Malcolm X. (p. 608) |  | 13 |
| 6343470302 | Stokely Carmichael; Black Panthers | The leader of the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) repudiated non-violence and advocated "black power" and racial separatism. (p. 608); In 1966, this organization was founded by Huey Newton, Bobby Seale and other militants as a revolutionary socialist movement advocating self-rule for American blacks. (p. 608) |  | 14 |
| 6343470322 | New Left | Activists and intellectuals who supported Tom Hayden's ideas. (p. 610) |  | 15 |
| 6343470324 | counterculture | Expressed by young people in their rebellious styles of dress, music, drug use, and for some, communal living. (p. 611) |  | 16 |
| 6343470327 | sexual revolution | One aspect of counterculture that continued beyond the 1960s was a change in many Americans' attitudes toward sexual expression. (p. 611) |  | 17 |
| 6343470329 | Betty Friedan, "The Feminine Mystique" | She gave the women's movement a new direction by encouraging middle-class women to seek fulfillment in professional careers rather than confining themselves to the roles of wife, mother, and homemaker. (p. 612) |  | 18 |
| 6343470330 | National Organization for Women | In 1966, this organization was formed. They adopted activist tactics of other civil rights movements to secure equal treatment of women, especially for job opportunities. (p. 612) |  | 19 |
| 6343470332 | Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) | This proposed constitutional amendment stated that "equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any state on account of sex". It just missed being passed. (p. 612) |  | 20 |
| 6363329358 | Vietnam War | A prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the non-communist armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States. | 21 | |
| 6343470335 | Tonkin Gulf Resolution | In 1964, North Vietnamese gunboats allegedly fired on U.S. warships off the coast of Vietnam. Congress gave approval for President Johnson to wage war in Vietnam. (p. 613) |  | 22 |
| 6343470339 | Tet Offensive | In January 1968, the Vietcong (North Vietnam troops) launched an all-out surprise attack on almost every provincial capital and American base in South Vietnam. The U.S. military counterattacked and recovered the lost territory. However, the destruction viewed on television in the United States, appeared as a setback for the U.S. efforts. (p. 615) |  | 23 |
| 6363326638 | George Wallace | Racist gov. of Alabama in 1962 ("segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever"); runs for pres. In 1968 on American Independent Party ticket of racism and law and order, loses to Nixon; runs in 1972 but gets shot | 24 |
