Advanced Placement Psychology
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| 9278175551 | intelligence test | a method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others, using numerical scores. |  | 0 |
| 9278175552 | intelligence | mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations. it is one's potential, not what they achieve. |  | 1 |
| 9278175553 | general intelligence | a general intelligence factor that, according to Spearman and others, underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test. |  | 2 |
| 9278175554 | factor analysis | a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items (called factors) on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person's total score. |  | 3 |
| 9278175555 | savant syndrome | a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation or drawing. |  | 4 |
| 9278175556 | emotional intelligence | the ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions. Daniel Goleman developed a theory concerning it that focused on the importance of self control, empathy, and awareness of one's own emotions. |  | 5 |
| 9278175557 | mental age | The average age at which children could successfully answer a particular level of questions. a measure of intelligence devised by Binet; the age at which a person is mentally performing at. It can be higher, lower, or the same as their chronological age. |  | 6 |
| 9278175558 | Stanford-Binet | the widely used American revision of Binet's original intelligence test. Louis Terman of Stanford University created it. |  | 7 |
| 9278175559 | intelligence quotient (IQ) | Originally defined as the mental age divided by chronological age multiplied by 100 Developed by Louis Terman. |  | 8 |
| 9278175560 | achievement tests | tests designed to assess what a person has learned. The AP Psychology Exam is an example |  | 9 |
| 9278175561 | aptitude tests | tests designed to predict a person's future performance; aptitude is the capacity to learn. SAT, and IQ test are examples |  | 10 |
| 9278175562 | Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) | the most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance (nonverbal) subtests. |  | 11 |
| 9278175563 | standardization | The process of giving the test to a large group of representative and randomly selected people to establish consistent methods administration. |  | 12 |
| 9278175570 | Norms/Norming a Test | The standard(s) against which all others who take the test will be compared. Formed from the group used to standardize the test. |  | 13 |
| 9278175564 | normal curve | a symmetrical, bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many types of data; most scores fall near the mean (68 percent fall within one standard deviation of it) and fewer and fewer near the extremes. |  | 14 |
| 9278175565 | reliability | the extent to which a test yields consistent results. a test can be reliable but not valid. Can determine by retesting or by comparing the consistency of scores on two halves of the test (split half reliability) |  | 15 |
| 9278175566 | validity | the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to. In order for a test to be valid it has to be reliable. | | 16 |
| 9278175567 | content validity | the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest. The AP Psychology exam will measure your knowledge of Psychology, and not Chemistry. |  | 17 |
| 9278175568 | predictive validity | the success with which a test predicts the behavior it is designed to predict; it is assessed by computing the correlation between test scores and the criterion behavior. The SATs have predictive validity. |  | 18 |
| 9278175569 | intellectual disability | (formerly referred to as mental retardation) a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty in adapting to the demands of life; varies from mild to profound. |  | 19 |
| 9278175571 | Howard Garnder | Developed the theory of Multiple Intelligences |  | 20 |
| 9278175572 | Louis Terman | Pioneer in the field of intelligence. Conducted the famous "termite" study, also created the Stanford-Binet test and the IQ formula. |  | 21 |
| 9278175573 | Terman's Termites | Landmark longitudinal study on intelligence that put to rest many myths regarding genius |  | 22 |
| 9278175574 | Robert Sternberg | Developed the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence |  | 23 |
| 9278175575 | Alfred Binet | Created the first known intelligence test and developed the concept of mental age. |  | 24 |
| 9278175576 | David Wechsler | Created what is today the most popular IQ test. |  | 25 |
| 9278175577 | Multiple Intelligences | Theory created by Howard Gardner that there are many types of intelligences such as musical, interpersonal, naturalist, and bodily-kinetics. Come critics say these are more abilities than intelligences |  | 26 |
| 9278175578 | Triarchic Theory | Robert Sternberg's theory that intelligence is composed of Analytic Intelligence, Creative Intelligence, and Practical Intelligence. |  | 27 |
| 9278175579 | Charles Spearman | Saw intelligence as being composed of the g factor (ability to reason and solve problems) and the s factor (specific intelligence) |  | 28 |
| 9278175580 | Deviation IQ Scores | Replaced the old IQ formula. IQ scores are now determined based on a normal curve with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. |  | 29 |
| 9278175581 | Fluid Intelligence | Ability to quickly problem solve, reason abstractly and pick up new skills. Decreases as we age |  | 30 |
| 9278175582 | Crystallized Intelligence | Ability to use knowledge and facts we've gained over time Increases as we age |  | 31 |
| 9278175583 | Cultural bias | Tendency for IQ tests to reflect the language, culture, history, and customs of the people who designed the test. |  | 32 |
| 9278175584 | heritability | Proportion of change that is due to genetic factors. For intelligence, it is about 50%. Estimates of heritability apply to groups, not individuals. |  | 33 |
| 9278175585 | stereotype threat | just being aware of negative stereotypes that apply to your group can negatively impact your performance on intelligence tests |  | 34 |
| 9278175586 | Grammar | System of rules that govern a language. For instance, in English, we put the adjective before the noun- pretty sunset. |  | 35 |
| 9278175587 | Phonemes | The smallest units of sound in a language th is a phoneme; the word they has 3 phonemes |  | 36 |
| 9278175588 | Morphemes | The smallest units of meaning in a language Snowman- 2 morphemes (snow, man) |  | 37 |
| 9278175589 | Syntax | rules for combining words and phrases to make grammatically correct sentences. |  | 38 |
| 9278175590 | Semantics | Rules for determining the meaning of words and sentences. I have to go to a wake tonight vs. I have to wake my mom at 6 am have very different meanings |  | 39 |
| 9278175591 | Pragmatics | The social nicieties of language like taking turns, gesturing, and intonation. |  | 40 |
| 9278175592 | Noam Chomsky | Linguist who theorized that humans are born with the innate ability to understand and produce language. The complexities of language are hard wired in us |  | 41 |
| 9278175593 | Language Acquisition Device | theorized by Chomsky, it's an innate program that contains the schema for human language |  | 42 |
| 9278175594 | Linguistic relativity hypothesis | Developed by Benjamin Whorf, theory that language influences and controls thought processes and concepts. |  | 43 |
| 9278175595 | Cognitive universalism | Idea that concepts are universal and they influence the development of language | 44 | |
| 9278175596 | Over-generalization/Over-regularization of Language | Tendency for young children to over enforce the rules of language inappropriately. For example, saying, "I gooed to the potty." Used to support the idea of the LAD. |  | 45 |
| 9278175597 | B.F. Skinner | Believed that language was acquired through imitation and reinforcement. | 46 | |
| 9278175598 | Critical Period Hypothesis | Theory that if one's Language Acquisition Device is not activated withing the first few years of life, the person will never fully acquire language. Likewise, if a second language is not introduced before puberty, the person's acquisition will be limited and they will speak that language with an accent. |  | 47 |
| 9278175599 | Flynn Effect | Idea that over the course of history, intelligence has increased due to factors such as better diet and health and technological advancements. |  | 48 |
