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AP Psychology - Language Flashcards

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7722452602LanguageWay we communicate with others0
7722452603PhonemesSmallest distinctive units of sound in language1
7722454888MorphemesSmallest units of meaning in language2
7722458272GrammarSystem of rules in language3
7722458273Grammer: SemanticsSet of rules which we derive meaning. EX. Adding -ed means past tense4
7722460808Grammar: OverregulationHappens when children use grammatical rules wrong. Ex. I beatted him in the game5
7722460809Grammar: SyntaxRules for combining words into grammatically good sentences. EX. English says White House but Spanish says "casa blanca" or House White6
7722463855Receptive LanguageAbility to understand language. Wernicke's Area in brain helps to understand7
7722465797Productive LanguageAbility to produce language. Broca's Area helps to speak8
7722465798BabblingUniversal noises made by babies, not a household language9
7722465799HolophraseOne word phrases babies make around a year10
7722467926Telegraphic SpeechTwo word phrases babies make around 2 years11
7722467927Critical PeriodIf children are not exposed to language by a certain time, they will be unable to learn12
7722467928Universal GrammarAll humans have same grammatical building blocks like nouns, verbs, subjects and objects13
7722471511Language Acquisition DeviceInnate speech enabling structures in the brain that helps us learn language14
7722471512Surface StructureLearning ABC's, just the letters and layout of words15
7722474248Deep StructureCombining words to make meanings16
7722476510Linguistic DeterminismThinking affects our language, in turn affects our thoughts17
7722595708B.F. SkinnerLanguage is based off operant conditioning. Nurture point of view18
7722602753Noam ChomskyLinguist, argues that young children possess innate capability to learn and produce speech19
7722612124Benjamin WhorfLinguist who believed that a language does more than describe person's culture, might shape thoughts and perceptions20
7722618320SultanChimpanzee who showed insight by getting out of reach food with a stick21
7722622491KokoGorilla could sign 1,000 words, called Pinocchio "baby elephant"22
7722627167WashoeChimpanzee who could sign about 132 words, gave interview to New York Times reporter23
7722633776KanziChimpanzee who roasted marshmallows24

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