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AP Human Geography Chapter 5 Language Flashcards

Language

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9897462162AccentA distinctive mode of pronunciation of a language, especially one associated with a particular nation, locality, or social class.0
9897778640CreoleA pigdin Language that evolves to the point at which it becomes the primary language of the people who speak it1
9897778641cultural ComplexThe group of traits that define a particular culture2
9897778642Cultural ExtinctionObliteration of an entire culture by war, disease, acculturation, or a combo of the three3
9897778643Cultural GeographyThe sub field of human geography that looks at how cultures vary over space4
9897778644Cultural HearthLocations on earths surface where specific cultures first arose5
9897778645Cultural Imperialismthe dominance of one culture over another6
9897778646Cultural TraitThe specific customs that are part of the everyday life of a particular culture such as a language, religion, ethnicity, social institutions, and aspects of popular culture7
9897778647CultureA total way of life held in common by a group of people, including learned Features such as language, ideology, behavior, technology, and government8
9897778648CustomPractices followed by the people of a particular cultural group9
9897462163DialectA particular form of a language that is particular to a specific region or social group10
9897778649DenominationA particular religious group, usually associated with differing Protestant belief systems11
9897778650DiasporaPeople who come from a common ethnic background but who live in different regions outside of the home of their ethnicity12
9897462164EsperantoAn artificial language devised in 1887 as an international medium of communication, based on roots from the chief European languages.13
9897462165Extinct LanguageAn extinct language is a language that no longer has any speakers, or that is no longer in current use.14
9897778651Environmental DeterminismA doctrine that claims that cultural traits are formed and controlled by environmental conditions15
9897778652Ethnic CleansingThe systematic attempt to remove all people of a particular ethnicity from a country or region either by forces migration or genocide16
9897778653Ethnic NeighborhoodAn area within a city containing members of the same ethnic background17
9897778654Ethnic religionReligion that is identifies with a particular ethnic or tribal group and that does not seek new convents18
9897778655EthnicityRefers to a group of people who shares common identity19
9897778656Evangelical ReligionReligion in which an effort is made to spread a particular belief system20
9897778657FundamentalismThe strict adherence to a particular doctrine21
9897778658Global ReligionReligion in which members are numerous and widespread and their doctrines might appeal to different people from any region of the globe22
9897778659HinduismA cohesive and unique society, most prevalent in India, that integrates spiritual beliefs with daily practices and official institutions such as the caste system23
9897462166IdeogramA written character symbolizing the idea of a thing without indicating the sounds used to say it. An Example: 6 (six)24
9897462167IsoglossA geographic boundary line delimiting the area in which a given linguistic feature occurs.25
9897462168Isolated Languagea natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages; that is, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language. i.e A language family with only one language.26
9897778660IslamA monotheistic religion based on the belief that there is one god, Allah, and that Muhammad was Allah's prophet. Islam is based in the ancient city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the birthplace of Muhammad27
9897778661JudaismThe first major monotheistic religion. It is based on a sense of ethnic identity and its adherents tend to from tight knit communities wherever they live28
9897462169Language BranchA Subsection of a Language Family. i.e The Romance "-------" of the Indo-European language family.29
9897462170LanguageThe method of human communication, either spoken or written, consisting of the use of words in a structured and conventional way.30
9897462171Language GroupA Collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary.31
9897462172Language FamilyA collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor long before recorded history32
9899674257Language ExtinctionThis occurs when a language is no longer in use by any living people. Thousands of languages have become extinct over the eons since language first developed but the process of language extinction has Exceller rated greatly during the past 300 years33
9897462173Indo European language familyLargest language family that includes English and most other languages in the Western Hemisphere. Also used in South and Southwest Asia.34
9897462174Sino-Tibetan Language Family2nd largest language family. Includes Madarin, Thai, Cantonese and Burmese35
9897462175Lingua FrancaA Language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages36
9897462176Literary TraditionA Language that is written as well as spoken37
9899674258LiteracyThe ability to read and write38
9899674259Local CultureA set of common experiences or customs that shape the identity of a place and the people who live there. Local cultures are often the subjects of preservation or economic development efforts39
9899674260Local ReligionReligions are spiritually bound to particular regions40
9897462177MonolingualThe condition of being able to speak only a single language41
9897462178BilingualThe ability to speak two languages42
9897462179MultilingualThe ability to speak multiple languages43
9899674261MinorityA racial or ethnic group is smaller then and differing from the majority race or ethnicity in a particular area or region44
9899674262MissionaryA person of a particular faith that travels in order to recruit new members into the faith represented45
9899674263MonotheismThe worship of only one God46
9899674264MulticulturalHaving to do with many cultures47
9897462180Official LanguageThe language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents.48
9897462181OrthographyThe conventional spelling system of a language.49
9897462182Pidgin LanguageA Form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages.50
9899674265PilgrimageJourney to a place of religious importance51
9899674266PolyglotA multilingual state52
9899674267PolytheismThe worship of more than one God53
9899674268RaceA group of human beings distinguished by physical traits blood types genetic code patterns or genetically inherited characteristics54
9899674269Romance LanguagesAny of the languages derived from Latin including Italian Spanish French and Romanian55
9899674270ShamanThe single person who takes on the role as a priest counselor and position and acts as a conduit to the supernatural world in a shamanist culture56
9897462183Standard LanguageThe form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.57
9899674271SyncreticTraditions that borrow from both the past and present58
9897462184Toponyma place name or a word derived from the name of a place59
9897462185Trade LanguageA language, especially a pidgin, used by speakers of different native languages for communication in commercial trade.60
9899674272TraditionA cohesive collection of customs within a cultural group61
9899674273TransculturationThe expansion of cultural traits through diffusion adoption and other related processes62
9897462186VernacularUsing a language or dialect native to a region or country rather than a literary, cultured, or foreign language. It is usually the language of the common people.63
9897462187Creolea mother tongue formed from the contact of two languages through an earlier pidgin stage64
9897462188DenglishThe term is used in all German-speaking countries to refer to the increasingly strong influx of macaronic (slang) English or pseudo-English vocabulary into German.65
9897462189Franglaisa form of French using many words and idioms borrowed from English.66
9897462190EbonicsAmerican black English regarded as a language in its own right rather than as a dialect of standard English67
9897462191Spanglisha hybrid language combining words and idioms from both Spanish and English, especially Spanish speech that uses many English words and expressions.68
9900079039Vulgar LatinA form of latin once used in daily conversation by ancient Rome as opposed to the standard dialect which was used for official documents69
9900079040Standard LanguageThe form of a language is for official government business education in mass communications70
9900079041Received PronunciationThe dialect of English associated with upper class Britons living in London considered standard in the UK71

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