AMSCO United States History 2015 Edition Chapter 6
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| 7509436149 | James Madison | 1. "Father of the Constitution". 2. solved the questions of sovereignty and limiting power with the separation of power and checks and balances. 3. Contributed to the Federalist papers. |  | 0 |
| 7509436150 | Alexander Hamilton | One of the authors of the Federalist Papers. He favored a strong central government. He was appointed by washington as secretary of the treasury. He also desird the creation of a national bank. |  | 1 |
| 7509436151 | Federalists | Group that supported ratification of the Constitution, later became a political party. Alexander Hamilton was a well known leader feared disorder, anarchy, chaos, unchecked power of the masses |  | 2 |
| 7509436152 | Anti-Federalist | those who opposed ratification of the constitution. They believed the constitution violated the principles of the revolution. They were concerned that the constitution lacked a bill of rights and gave government too much power feared the dangers of concentrated power and that the gov would abuse the citizens' rights like england |  | 3 |
| 7509436153 | Bill of Rights | The first ten amendments (changes to the Constitution) were added to protect the rights of individual citizens. Nine dealt with basic rights. The tenth reserved state power for anything not specifically withheld from or delegated to the federal government. |  | 4 |
| 7509436154 | Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions | Two states passed resolutions that argued states had the right to nullify laws passed at the federal level. it was unsuccessful. |  | 5 |
| 7509436155 | Checks and balances | Designed to keep one branch of government from dominating the other |  | 6 |
| 7509436156 | Great Compromise | A compromise made at the constitutional convention of 1787. Stated that their would be a 2 house legislature with one house represented by population and each slave would count as 3/5ths of a person in both taxation and representation. The upper house would have 2 representatives per state regardless of population. |  | 7 |
| 7509436157 | House of Representatives | Representation would be based on population of each state |  | 8 |
| 7509436158 | Senate | Representation would be two per state, regardless of state size |  | 9 |
| 7509436159 | 3/5ths Compromise | for every five slaves, three would be counted for representation and direct taxation |  | 10 |
| 7509436160 | Legislative branch | The branch of government that makes laws |  | 11 |
| 7509436161 | Congress | Legislative branch; House and Senate |  | 12 |
| 7509436162 | Cabinet | Term for chiefs of departments appointed by President constitution does not specify how many there should/should not be. first 3 were state (jefferson), treasury (Hamilton), and war (knox) |  | 13 |
| 7509436163 | Judiciary Act of 1801 | reduced the number of Supreme Court Justices by one but increased number of federal judgeships. Adams stayed until midnight on his last day in office appointing judges before his term ended, known as "midnight appointments" |  | 14 |
| 7509436164 | Supreme Court | Ultimate court in the US had the power to make final decisions in cases involving constitutionality of state laws |  | 15 |
| 7509436165 | Democratic-Republican Party | Rival to Federalists; opposed strong central government; led by Jefferson |  | 16 |
| 7509436166 | John Adams | In 1796 he was a Federalist who was elected as the second president. |  | 17 |
| 7509436167 | Revolution of 1800 | Election in which Democratic-Republicans peacefully took power from the Federalists. Close election ended in a tie between two Republican candidates which had to be decided by the current Congress (Federalist majority). Thomas Jefferson was elected on the 36th ballot | 18 | |
| 7509436168 | French Revolution | Divided Federalists and Republicans. Republicans applauded democratic, anti-aristocratic spirit they believed the FR embodied, Federalists were horrified at attacks on organized religion, the overthrow and eventual execution of the king and queen |  | 19 |
| 7509436169 | Proclamation of Neutrality | In 1793 Washington announced US as neutral in the war between England and France |  | 20 |
| 7509436170 | Jay's Treaty | establish American Sovereignty over the entire Northwest Territory and produced a satisfactory commercial relationship with britain. |  | 21 |
| 7509436171 | Pinckney Treaty | Spain agreed to open lower Mississippi River and New Orleans to US trade & conceded to prevent indian attacks across the border of FL. |  | 22 |
| 7509436172 | Articles of Confederation | America's original governing document. - Established a very weak central government and strong state governments. This government was favored by those terrified of tyrannical central government. | 23 | |
| 7509436173 | The Virginia Plan | A plan for new government with three branches, Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. According to this plan the legislative branch would have 2 houses. The lower house would represent the states based on population, the upper house would be appointed by the lower house. Favored by large states, disliked by small states. | 24 | |
| 7509436174 | The New Jersey Plan | A plan proposing a "federal" not "national" government. This plan would have a one house legislature with equal representation for each house but with more ability to tax and regulate commerce. Favored by small states, disliked by large states. | 25 | |
| 7509436175 | Federalist Papers | Series of widely published essays written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison under the pseudonym Publius. They defended the constitution to the public attempting to get them to want to ratify the constitution | 26 | |
| 7509436176 | First national elections in 1789 | George Washington elected to the presidency unanimously. John Adams became Vice-President. April 30, 1789 Inauguration. | 27 | |
| 7509436177 | Judiciary Act of 1789 | An act that provided a Supreme Court with six justices, thirteen district courts and three circuit courts of appeals. The act also gave the Supreme Court final decision in cases involving the constitutionality of state laws. | 28 | |
| 7509436178 | National Bank | Hamilton proposed this to stabilize and unify the American banking system. controversial bcz constitution did not assign it so some people argued that it was not legal. Hamilton argued that it was necessary and that the constitution did not specifically prohibit it | 29 | |
| 7509436179 | Republicans | Because of the rise of the Federalist party headed by Hamilton, it's opposition formed the (Democratic) Republican party. Key figures were Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. | 30 | |
| 7509436180 | Whiskey Rebellion of 1794 | Farmers in western PA refused to pay the excise tax on whiskey, directly breaking federal law. They also terrorized tax collectors. Washington organized an army of 15,000 and personally led the troops to PA....rebellion quickly ceased. Helped secure the frontier by intimidating the whiskey rebels into allegiance and gaining loyalty of other frontier people by accepting their territories as new states (NC, RI, VT, KT, TN) | 31 | |
| 7509436181 | Indians in the Constitution | Vague/conflicting mentions - excludes those "not taxed" from being counted in population totals to determine House of Rep seats. Seems to make clear that tribes are not "foreign Nations" but recognizes existence of tribes as legal entities | 32 | |
| 7509436182 | Election of 1796 | Washington did not run for presidency. The Republican party had Thomas Jefferson. The Federalist party was split between John Adams and Thomas Pinckney. Adams won by three electoral votes. | 33 | |
| 7509436183 | The Alien Act | This act put new obstacles in the way of foreigners who wished to become American citizens and strengthened the president's hand in dealing with foreigners. | 34 | |
| 7509436184 | The Sedition Act | This act allowed the government to prosecute anyone who committed "libelous or treasonous acts" against the government. Different people thought different things treasonous so the government could basically prosecute anyone who did not agree with them. | 35 | |
| 7509436185 | federalism | power divided between states and federal government | 36 | |
| 7509436186 | separation of powers | divided power among the branches so that one branch would not be more powerful than the other | 37 | |
| 7509436187 | citizen genet | french diplomatic representative who went to charleston and tried to convince shipwconers to aid the french when us was trying to remain neutral | 38 | |
| 7509436188 | quasi war | started by the XYZ affair, was an undeclared war with France. US created a navy to fight french ships forming an ally with britain in the war with france. came to a reasonably peaceful end in 1800 after Adams sent another commission to Paris and the new French govt (headed by Napoleon) agreed to a treaty | 39 | |
| 7509436189 | XYZ Affair | Revolutionary France and America had unstable relations, so President Adams appointed a commission to negotiate with France. When the Americans arrived, the french demanded a loan and a bribe before any negotiations began. Adams reported this to Congress and replaced the names of the French agents with X, Y, and Z. | 40 |
