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| 4795415716 | St. Augustine | In 1865 Spain established a fort in St Augustine, making it the first permanent European settlement in the future United States. | 0 | |
| 4795416318 | Santa Fe | In 1610, the Spanish founded the town of Santa Fe and reestablished the system of missions and forced labor. | 1 | |
| 4795417553 | Popés Rebellion | As a prolonged drought threatened the survivors with extinction, the Indian Shaman Popé called for the pueblo peoples to expel the Spaniards and "return to the laws of their ancients". He who shall kill a Spaniard will get an Indian women for a wife. | 2 | |
| 4795418959 | Quebec | Samuel de Champlain founded Quebec in 1608. It was in a place named new France, many people came there from France. | 3 | |
| 4795420283 | Robert de la Salle | In 1681, Robert de la Salle traveled down the majestic river to the gulf of mexico, trading as he went. As a french priest noted with disgust, La Salle and his associates hoped "to bull all the furs and skins of the remotest savages, who, as they thought, did not know their Value; and so enrich themselves in a single voyage". | 4 | |
| 4795422379 | Huron/Iroquois | From their strategic location in central New York, the Iroquois could obtain guns and goods from Dutch merchants at Albany and quickly attack other Indian peoples by water. THrough triumphs the Iroquois took control of the fur trade with the french in quebec and the Dutch in New Amsterdam. | 5 | |
| 4795423307 | New Amsterdam | Was a fort-like trading post at the edge of a vast land populated by alien indian peoples. It was also a pale miniature version of Amsterdam, a city with many canals. The first settlers built houses in the Dutch style, with their gable ends facing the street and excavated a canal across lower Manhattan island. | 6 | |
| 4795423742 | Society of Jesus | Was a catholic religious order founded to combat the Protestant Reformation. Between 1625 and 1763, hundreds of French Jesuits lived among the Indian peoples of the great Lakes region. | 7 | |
| 4795425390 | New Netherland | In 1621, the Dutch government chartered the West India Company and gave it a monopoly over the African fur trade and the Wester African slave trade. Three years later, the company founded the town of New Amsterdam on Manhattan island, and made it the capital of New Netherland. | 8 | |
| 4795426372 | New York 1664 | Initially, the Duke of New York, the overlord of the new English colony of New York, ruled with a mild hand: he allowed the Dutch residents to retain their property, legal system,and religious institutions. | 9 | |
| 4795427399 | Virginia Company | Commerce was the Virginia Company's primary goal. The first expedition, in 1607, was limited to male traders- no women, farmers, or ministers- who were employees or "servants" of the company. | 10 | |
| 4795428411 | Jamestown | Arriving in Virginia after an exhausting four-month voyage, they settled in May on a swampy, unhealthy peninsula, which they named Jamestown in honor of the king. Because they lacked access to fresh water and refused to plant crops, they quickly died off; only 38 of the 120 traders were alive nine months later. | 11 | |
| 4795429509 | Powhattan | was chief of the Algonquian-speaking peoples of the region, treated the english traders as the potential allies and a source of valuable goods. | 12 | |
| 4795430089 | House of Burgesses | First convened in 1619, could make laws and levy taxes, although the governor and the company council in England could veto its acts. | 13 | |
| 4795430642 | Maryland | Lord Baltimore wanted Maryland to become a refuge for Catholics, who were subject to persecution in England. | 14 | |
| 4795432059 | Lord Baltimore | was the founder of Maryland, he could sell, lease, or give away land as he pleased. He also had the authority to appoint public officials and to found churches and appoint ministers. | 15 | |
| 4795433485 | Toleration Act | Lord Baltimore persuaded the assembly to enact the Toleration act, of 1649, which granted all Christians the right to follow their own religious beliefs and hold church services. | 16 | |
| 4795434448 | Tobacco | The indians had long used tobacco as a medicine and a stimulant, and the English came to crave the nicotine it contained. By the 1620s, they were smoking, James initially condemned Tobacco as a "Vile Weed", but his ideals changed as taxes on Tobacco bolstered the royal treasury. | 17 | |
| 4795435724 | Navigation Acts | The Navigation acts allowed only English, or colonial-owned ships to enter american ports, thereby excluding Dutch merchants, who paid the highest prices for tobacco, sold the best goods, and provided the cheapest shipping services. | 18 | |
| 4795435725 | Enumerated Articles | sugar, tobacco, cotton and indigo - that the English colonies could export only to England in the 17th century. | 19 | |
| 4795437543 | William Berkeley | First served as governor of Virginia between 1642 and 1652, and played a key role in suppressing a second major Indian uprising in 1644. | 20 | |
| 4795441017 | Nathaniel Bacon | Emerged as the leader of the rebels. A young English migrant, Bacon had settled on a frontier estate and his english connections had secured him an appointment to the governor's council. | 21 | |
| 4795442189 | Bacon's Rebellion | when Berkeley refused to grant Bacon a military commision to lead an attack on nearby indians, the headstrong planter marched a force of frontiersmen as "rebels and mutineers," Berkeley expelled Bacon's men quickly won his release and forced the governor to hold legislative elections. | 22 | |
| 4795442918 | Puritans | Between 1620 and 1640, thousands of Puritans fled to America in what was both a worldly quest for land and a spiritual quest to preserve the "pure" Christian faith. | 23 | |
| 4795443778 | William Bradford | was the leader of a group of 67 migrants from England, they sailed to America in 1620 aboard the Mayflower and settled near Cape Cod. | 24 | |
| 4795444307 | Mayflower: | A ship that sailed from England to the current America in 1620, they settled near Cape Cod in southeastern Massachusetts. | 25 | |
| 4795444990 | Mayflower Compact | Lacking a royal charter, they created their own covenant of government, the Mayflower Compact, to "combine ourselves together into a civill body politick. | 26 | |
| 4795446363 | Jonathan Winthrop | Was a well-educated country squire who became the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay colony. He wanted to reform the Anglican church. | 27 | |
| 4795447458 | Joint Stock Corporation | Is the General Court of shareholders, into a political system with a governor, council, and assembly. | 28 | |
| 4795448388 | Predestination | is the doctrine that God had chosen (before their birth) only a few "elect" men and women, the saints, for salvation. | 29 | |
| 4795448936 | Roger Williams | Was the minister of the Puritan church in Salem. Williams endorsed the Pilgrim's separation of church and state in Plymouth, condemning the legal establishment of Congregationalism in the Massachusetts Bay. | 30 | |
| 4795449979 | Anne Hutchinson | Was the wife of a merchant and a mother of seven who worked as midwife. Hutchinson held weekly prayer meetings for women in her house and accused various Boston clergymen of placing too much emphasis on good behavior. | 31 | |
| 4795450812 | Thomas Hooker | Was a pastor in 1636, his congregation established the town of Hartford, and other Puritans settled along the river at Wethersfield and Windsor. | 32 | |
| 4795452808 | Salem Witch Trials | Between 1647 and 1662, civil authorities in New England hanged fourteen people for witchcraft, mostly older women accused of being "double-tongued" or of having "an unruly spirit". Eventually Massachusetts Bay authorities arrested and tried 175 people for the crime of witchcraft and executed nineteen of them. | 33 | |
| 4795453995 | Proprietors: | The General Courts of Massachusetts Bay and Connecticut bestowed the title to each township on a group of settlers or Proprietors, who then distributed the land among the male heads of families. | 34 | |
| 4795454583 | Town Meetings | All families received some land, and most adult men had to vote in the town meetings, the main institution of local government. | 35 | |
| 4795455235 | Pequot War | When Pequot warriors attacked English farmers who had intruded into their lands in the Connecticut River Valley in 1636, a Puritan militia attacked a Pequot village and massacred some five hundred men, women, and children. | 36 | |
| 4795455236 | Praying Towns | The puritans created praying towns that were similar to the Franciscan missions in New Mexico. | 37 | |
| 4795456600 | Metacom's Rebellion (King Philip's War) | The fighting started in the 1670s, by this time there were three times as many whites as indians in New England. One settler William Harris fearfully reported , he heard new reports of the Indians' "burning houses, taking cattell, killing men and women, and children, and carrying others captive. | 38 |
