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AP US History People to Know Chapter 21 Flashcards

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5728422911Thomas J. "Stonewall" JacksonMilitary Officer. The Best known Commander of the Confederate Army after Robert E. Lee. His Confederate army won the Battle of Bull Run and that's where he earned the nickname "Stonewall"0
5728331461George B. McClellan (1826-1885)Union general in command of the Army of the Potomac from 1861 to 1862, He led the failed Peninsular Campaign in 1861 and later fought Lee to a virtual stalemate at Antietam. He boosted the morale and confidence of his troops, but tested Lincoln's patience by routinely hesitating to send men into battle. In 1864, He ran against Lincoln as the Democratic nominee, campaigning against emancipation and the harsh treatment of the South while repudiating the antiwar stance of the Copperheads.1
5728422912Robert E. LeeOne of the Best Known General for the Confederate Army. The main leader for the south. He launched The Counterattack on the Union - which was the Seven Days' Battles (June 26-July 2, 1862) It drove the Union back (under the control of McClellan) from the Virginia peninsula around Richmond. His army suffered 20,000 casualties whereas the Union only had 10,000. He had a great triumph2
5728331462George G. Meade (1815-1872)Union general who led the Army of the Potomac to victory against Lee's forces at Gettysburg. Meade, unable to stomach the immense human costs of his victory, refused to pursue Lee back across the Potomac, and thus lost his post to Ulysses S. Grant shortly thereafter.3
5728426997A. E. BurnsideBecame the Commander of the Northern Union Army after McClellan. (known as sideburns) He protested his unfitness for the responsibility and he showed he was unfit for the position at Fredericksburg Virginia (December 13, 1862) where he got 10,000 Northern soldiers either killed or wounded in what is known as "Burnside's Slaughter Pen"4
5728432447Joseph "Fighting Joe" HookerBurnside yielded his command to Hooker. He was an aggressive officer but a headstrong subordinate. He was beaten by Lee and Jackson as they attacked from both sides of his army. He was nearly hit with a cannonball and they were able to attack to gain a victory for the south. George G. Meade became commander shortly after.5
5728331463George Pickett (1825-1875)Confederate general who led the bold but ill-fated charge against union forces at Gettysburg.6
5728331464John Pope (1822-1892)Union general whose army suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Robert E. Lee in the Second Battle of Bull Run (Manassas).7
5728447246Ulysses S. GrantAttended West Point. He fought in the Mexican War. Commander for the north Union. He captured Fort Henry and Fort Donelson along the Tennessee River in February 1862. That victory riveted Kentucky more securely to the Union and opened a way for the North to access Tennessee, Georgia and the heart of Dixie.8
5728331465William Tecumseh Sherman (1820-1891)Union general who led the destructive march through Georgia in 1864. A pioneer practitioner of "total war", he advocated bringing war to the civilian population to undercut morale and destroy supplies destined for Confederate troops.9
5728433596Salmon ChaseHe was the Secretary of the Treasury under Lincoln. He led the group that was critical of Lincoln and wanted to get rid of him as president during the 1864 election. They didn't trust Lincoln to fully abolish slavery.10
5728331466Clement L. Vallandigham (1820-1871)Democratic congressman from Ohio who led the Copperhead faction of the party in opposition to the Civil War. Convicted by a military tribunal for his treasonous outbursts, He was banished to the South though he later made his way to Canada and made an unsuccessful bid for the Ohio governorship.11
5728331460John Wilkes Booth (1838-1865)Maryland-born actor and Confederate sympathizer who assassinated Abraham Lincoln at Ford's Theater on April 14, 1865. He died of a gunshot wound a week later after refusing to surrender charged, and he actively worked to bring about a peaceful reunion of North and South.12

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