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AP World History: Ancient World - Timberline High School Flashcards

First set of words in the AP World History book by the Princeton Review.

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5472462384AgricultureThe deliberate effort to modify a portion of Earth's surface through the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock for sustenance or economic gain.0
5472462385Agrarianpertaining to land or its cultivation; reforms, societies1
5472462386Bands/ Clansextended family groups that generally lived together2
5472462387Barbarianwithout civilizing influences3
5472462388Bureaucracysystem of managing government through departments run by appointed officials (not elected)4
5472462389Civilizationa society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)5
5472462390City-Statesdifferent sections of land owned by the same country but ruled by different rulers (e.g. Greece)6
5472462392Domesticationprocess of adapting plants or animals to make them more useful to humans7
5472462393Economysystem by which goods and services are produced and distributed to meet people's needs8
5472462394Egalitariana person who believes in the equality of all people9
5472462395Emperorsupreme ruler of an empire10
5472462396Empiremany territories, countries, or peoples controlled by one government11
5472462398Foragingthe process of scavenging for food12
5472462399Hierarchya series of ordered groupings of people or things within a system13
5472462401Hunter-GathererA hunter-gatherer society is one whose primary subsistence method involves the direct procurement of edible plants and animals from the wild, foraging and hunting without significant recourse to the domestication of either plants nor animals14
5472462402Irrigationsupplying dry land with water by means of ditches, aqueducts, and other diversion methods15
5472462403Monarchya government in which power is in the hands of a single person who usually inherits their power16
5472462404Monotheismbelief in a single God17
5472462405NeolithicThe New Stone Age from circa 8500 to 4500 BCE: The period of the Stone Age associated with the ancient Agricultural Revolution(s)18
5472462406Nomadic(of groups of people) tending to travel and change settlements frequently19
5472462407Pastoralrelating to shepherds or herdsmen or devoted to raising sheep or cattle (e.g. pastoral peoples)20
5472462409Philosophythe rational investigation of questions about existence, knowledge, and ethics21
5472462410Polytheismbelief in multiple Gods22
5472462411River Valleythe fertile land surrounding a river- the first civilizations arose near them23
5472462412Sedentaryremaining in one place24
5472462413Settlementthe act of colonizing or a small group of people in a sedentary position25
5472462414Subsistencethe necessities of life, the resources of survival26
5472462415Surplusa quantity much larger than is needed27
5472462417Theocracygovernment run by religious leaders28
5472462418Traditionalconsisting of or derived from tradition; customary practices29
5472462422Analects"something that is repeated" - a collection of Confucius' famous sayings30
5472462423Bronze Agea period between the Stone and Iron ages, characterized by the manufacture and use of tools and weapons31
5472462424Calendara system of timekeeping that defines the beginning and length and divisions of the year32
5472462425Code of Hammurabithe set of laws drawn up by a Babylonian king dating to the 18th century BC, the earliest legal document known in its entirety33
5472462426CuneiformOne of the first written languages known: A system of writing in which wedge-shaped symbols represented words or syllables. It originated in Mesopotamia and was used initially for Sumerian and Akkadian but later was adapted to represent other languages of western Asia.34
5472462436Iron Agethe period following the Bronze Age; characterized by rapid spread of tools and weapons35
5472462437Jewish DiasporaA "scattering" of the Hebrew people36
5472462438LegalismIn Chinese history, one of the main philosophic currents during the Warring States Period- A philosophy of focusing on the text of written law to the exclusion of the intent of law, elevating strict adherence to law over justice, mercy and common sense37
5472462440PyramidsHuge stone tombs with four triangle-shaped walls that met in a point on top38
5472462443Shang CivilizationChina's first dynasty almost 2000 BCE, the time of the first emperor39
5472462447The Torahthe most sacred text of Judaism40
5472462448The Vedas of HinduismAryan hymns originally transmitted orally but written down in sacred books from the 6th century B.C.E.41
5472462449Zigguratsa temple or tomb of the ancient Assyrians, Sumerians, or Babylonians, having the form of a terraced pyramid of successively receding stories42
5472462453HinduismTerm for a wide variety of beliefs and ritual practices that have developed in the Indian subcontinent since antiquity. It has roots in ancient Vedic, Buddhist, and south Indian religious concepts and practices.43
5472462454Trans SaharanMajor trade route that traded for gold and salt, created caravan routes, economic benefit for controlling dessert, camels played a huge role in the trading44
5472462455MonsoonsMajor winds in the Indian Ocean that blew into India for half the year, and blew away from India for the other half. Helped facilitate trade in the Indian Ocean.45
5472462456Sumerianspeople who dominated Southern Mesopotamia through the end of the 3rd Millennium BCE. Responsible for the creation of irrigation technology, cuneiform, and religious conceptions.46
5472462457Indo-EuropeansGroups of people who came from the area north of the Caucasus mountains, which are between the Black and Caspian seas. Herded multiple animals. Rode into battle on chariots. The Indo-European language of Sanskrit, by the Aryans, are the basis of many languages today. Often accepted and adapted aspects of technology, religions, and social order of those with whom they came in contact.47
5472462458PatriarchalBefore agriculture, men and women are believed to have a greater degree of equality. But after the rise of agriculture, most human societies became ________ as a result of greater male strength.48
5472462459caste systema set of rigid social categories that determined not only a person's occupation and economic potential, but also his or her position in society, there was virtually no social mobility49
5472462460Paleolithic(Old Stone Age) a long period of human development before the development of agriculture50
5472462461CarthageThis city has existed for nearly 3,000 years, developing from a Phoenician colony of the 1st millennium BC. Controlled commerce in the Mediterranean prior to the rise of Roman Power. The expanding Roman Republic took control of many of its outposts after the two Punic Wars.51

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